DL::dlopen in Ruby 1.8, 1.9.0, 1.9.2, 1.9.3, 2.0.0 before patchlevel 648, and 2.1 before 2.1.8 opens libraries with tainted names.

WEBrick 1.3.1 in Ruby 1.8.6 through patchlevel 383, 1.8.7 through patchlevel 248, 1.8.8dev, 1.9.1 through patchlevel 376, and 1.9.2dev writes data to a log file without sanitizing non-printable characters, which might allow remote attackers to modify a window's title, or possibly execute arbitrary commands or overwrite files, via an HTTP request containing an escape sequence for a terminal emulator.

Ruby through 2.2.7, 2.3.x through 2.3.4, and 2.4.x through 2.4.1 can expose arbitrary memory during a JSON.generate call. The issues lies in using strdup in ext/json/ext/generator/generator.c, which will stop after encountering a '\0' byte, returning a pointer to a string of length zero, which is not the length stored in space_len.

The parser_yyerror function in the UTF-8 parser in Ruby 2.4.1 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid write or read) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted Ruby script, related to the parser_tokadd_utf8 function in parse.y. NOTE: this might have security relevance as a bypass of a $SAFE protection mechanism.

lib/sounder/sound.rb in the sounder gem 1.0.1 for Ruby allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a filename.

The dl module in Ruby 1.8.5 and earlier, 1.8.6 through 1.8.6-p286, 1.8.7 through 1.8.7-p71, and 1.9 through r18423 does not check "taintness" of inputs, which allows context-dependent attackers to bypass safe levels and execute dangerous functions by accessing a library using DL.dlopen.

Integer overflow in the rb_ary_fill function in array.c in Ruby before revision 17756 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a call to the Array#fill method with a start (aka beg) argument greater than ARY_MAX_SIZE. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for other closely related integer overflows.

An exploitable heap overflow vulnerability exists in the Fiddle::Function.new "initialize" function functionality of Ruby. In Fiddle::Function.new "initialize" heap buffer "arg_types" allocation is made based on args array length. Specially constructed object passed as element of args array can increase this array size after mentioned allocation and cause heap overflow.

Type confusion exists in two methods of Ruby's WIN32OLE class, ole_invoke and ole_query_interface. Attacker passing different type of object than this assumed by developers can cause arbitrary code execution.

Type confusion exists in _cancel_eval Ruby's TclTkIp class method. Attacker passing different type of object than String as "retval" argument can cause arbitrary code execution.

CGI.escape_html in Ruby before 2.7.5 and 3.x before 3.0.3 has an integer overflow and resultant buffer overflow via a long string on platforms (such as Windows) where size_t and long have different numbers of bytes. This also affects the CGI gem before 0.3.1 for Ruby.

A double free was found in the Regexp compiler in Ruby 3.x before 3.0.4 and 3.1.x before 3.1.2. If a victim attempts to create a Regexp from untrusted user input, an attacker may be able to write to unexpected memory locations.

Puppet 2.7.x before 2.7.21 and 3.1.x before 3.1.1, when running Ruby 1.9.3 or later, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via vectors related to "serialized attributes."

multi_xml gem 0.5.2 for Ruby, as used in Grape before 0.2.6 and possibly other products, does not properly restrict casts of string values, which allows remote attackers to conduct object-injection attacks and execute arbitrary code, or cause a denial of service (memory and CPU consumption) involving nested XML entity references, by leveraging support for (1) YAML type conversion or (2) Symbol type conversion, a similar vulnerability to CVE-2013-0156.

The OpenSSL extension of Ruby (Git trunk) versions after 2011-09-01 up to 2011-11-03 always generated an exponent value of '1' to be used for private RSA key generation. A remote attacker could use this flaw to bypass or corrupt integrity of services, depending on strong private RSA keys generation mechanism.

In Ruby before 2.2.10, 2.3.x before 2.3.7, 2.4.x before 2.4.4, 2.5.x before 2.5.1, and 2.6.0-preview1, the Dir.open, Dir.new, Dir.entries and Dir.empty? methods do not check NULL characters. When using the corresponding method, unintentional directory traversal may be performed.

An issue was discovered in the OpenSSL library in Ruby before 2.3.8, 2.4.x before 2.4.5, 2.5.x before 2.5.2, and 2.6.x before 2.6.0-preview3. When two OpenSSL::X509::Name objects are compared using ==, depending on the ordering, non-equal objects may return true. When the first argument is one character longer than the second, or the second argument contains a character that is one less than a character in the same position of the first argument, the result of == will be true. This could be leveraged to create an illegitimate certificate that may be accepted as legitimate and then used in signing or encryption operations.

The lazy_initialize function in lib/resolv.rb in Ruby through 2.4.3 uses Kernel#open, which might allow Command Injection attacks, as demonstrated by a Resolv::Hosts::new argument beginning with a '|' character, a different vulnerability than CVE-2017-17405. NOTE: situations with untrusted input may be highly unlikely.

An issue was discovered in Oniguruma 6.2.0, as used in Oniguruma-mod in Ruby through 2.4.1 and mbstring in PHP through 7.1.5. A stack out-of-bounds write in onigenc_unicode_get_case_fold_codes_by_str() occurs during regular expression compilation. Code point 0xFFFFFFFF is not properly handled in unicode_unfold_key(). A malformed regular expression could result in 4 bytes being written off the end of a stack buffer of expand_case_fold_string() during the call to onigenc_unicode_get_case_fold_codes_by_str(), a typical stack buffer overflow.

admin/login.php in DM FileManager 3.9.2 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access by setting the (1) USER, (2) GROUPID, (3) GROUP, and (4) USERID cookies to certain values.

system/message.php in Admin News Tools 2.5 does not properly restrict access, which allows remote attackers to post news messages via a direct request.

The woocommerce-store-toolkit plugin before 1.5.8 for WordPress has privilege escalation.

TurnkeyForms Web Hosting Directory stores sensitive information under the web root with insufficient access control, which allows remote attackers to obtain a database backup via a direct request to admin/backup/db.

admin/Index.php in Acc Real Estate 4.0 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access by setting the username_cookie to "admin."

hits.php in myWebland myStats allows remote attackers to bypass IP address restrictions via a modified X-Forwarded-For HTTP header.

PHP infoBoard V.7 Plus allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access by setting the infouser cookie to 1.

admin/wr_admin.php in PHP-Ring Webring System (aka uPHP_ring_website) 0.9.1 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access by setting the admin cookie to 1.

Free Hosting Manager 1.2 and 2.0 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access by setting both the adminuser and loggedin cookies.

Menalto Gallery before 2.2.5 allows remote attackers to bypass permissions for sub-albums via a ZIP archive.

Unspecified vulnerability in Novell iManager before 2.7 SP1 (2.7.1) allows remote attackers to delete Plug-in Studio created Property Book Pages via unknown vectors.

IBM DB2 UDB before 8.2 Fixpak 16 does not properly check authorization for the ALTER TABLE statement, which has unknown impact and attack vectors.

classes/session/cc_admin_session.php in CubeCart 4.3.4 does not properly restrict administrative access permissions, which allows remote attackers to bypass restrictions and gain administrative access via a HTTP request that contains an empty (1) sessID (ccAdmin cookie), (2) X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP header, or (3) User-Agent header.

DeluxeBB 1.3 stores sensitive information under the web root with insufficient access control, which allows remote attackers to obtain user and configuration information, log data, and gain administrative access via a direct request to scripts in (1) templates/ including (2) templates/deluxe/admincp/, (3) templates/corporate/admincp/, and (4) templates/blue/admincp/; (5) images/; (6) logs/ including (7) logs/cp.php; (8) wysiwyg/; (9) docs/; (10) classes/; (11) lang/; and (12) settings/.

The proc_open function in ext/standard/proc_open.c in PHP before 5.2.11 and 5.3.x before 5.3.1 does not enforce the (1) safe_mode_allowed_env_vars and (2) safe_mode_protected_env_vars directives, which allows context-dependent attackers to execute programs with an arbitrary environment via the env parameter, as demonstrated by a crafted value of the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable.

The Web Services module 6.x for Drupal does not perform the expected access control, which allows remote attackers to make unspecified use of an API via unknown vectors.

cp/profile.php in VivaPrograms Infinity 2.0.5 and earlier does not require administrative authentication for the donewauthor action, which allows remote attackers to create administrative accounts via the name, password, and conf_password parameters.

phpBazar 2.1.1fix and earlier does not require administrative authentication for admin/admin.php, which allows remote attackers to obtain access to the admin control panel via a direct request.

BEA WebLogic Server 9.1 does not properly handle propagation of an admin server's security policy change log to temporarily unavailable managed servers, which might allow attackers to bypass intended restrictions, a different vulnerability than CVE-2007-0426.