A code execution vulnerability exists in the normal world’s signed code execution functionality of Microsoft Azure Sphere 20.07. A specially crafted AF_PACKET socket can cause a process to create an executable memory mapping with controllable content. An attacker can execute a shellcode that uses the PACKET_MMAP functionality to trigger this vulnerability.

The USB drivers in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows Server 2012, and Windows RT allow physically proximate attackers to execute arbitrary code by connecting a crafted USB device, aka "Windows USB Descriptor Vulnerability."

An issue was discovered in Veritas Enterprise Vault through 14.0. On start-up, it loads the OpenSSL library. The OpenSSL library then attempts to load the openssl.cnf configuration file (which does not exist) at the following locations in both the System drive (typically C:\) and the product's installation drive (typically not C:\): \Isode\etc\ssl\openssl.cnf (on SMTP Server) or \user\ssl\openssl.cnf (on other affected components). By default, on Windows systems, users can create directories under C:\. A low privileged user can create a openssl.cnf configuration file to load a malicious OpenSSL engine, resulting in arbitrary code execution as SYSTEM when the service starts. This gives the attacker administrator access on the system, allowing the attacker (by default) to access all data, access all installed applications, etc. This vulnerability only affects a server with MTP Server, SMTP Archiving IMAP Server, IMAP Archiving, Vault Cloud Adapter, NetApp File server, or File System Archiving for NetApp as File Server.

An issue was discovered in Veritas NetBackup through 8.3.0.1 and OpsCenter through 8.3.0.1. Processes using OpenSSL attempt to load and execute libraries from paths that do not exist by default on the Windows operating system. By default, on Windows systems, users can create directories under the top level of any drive. If a low privileged user creates an affected path with a library that the Veritas product attempts to load, they can execute arbitrary code as SYSTEM or Administrator. This gives the attacker administrator access on the system, allowing the attacker (by default) to access all data, access all installed applications, etc. This vulnerability affects master servers, media servers, clients, and OpsCenter servers on the Windows platform. The system is vulnerable during an install or upgrade and post-install during normal operations.

An issue was discovered in Veritas CloudPoint before 8.3.0.1+hotfix. The CloudPoint Windows Agent leverages OpenSSL. This OpenSSL library attempts to load the \usr\local\ssl\openssl.cnf configuration file, which does not exist. By default, on Windows systems users can create directories under <drive>:\. A low privileged user can create a <drive>:\usr\local\ssl\openssl.cnf configuration file to load a malicious OpenSSL engine, which may result in arbitrary code execution. This would give the attacker administrator access on the system, allowing the attacker (by default) to access all data, access all installed applications, etc.

The NT Virtual DOS Machine (NTVDM) subsystem in the kernel in Microsoft Windows XP SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2, Windows 7 SP1, and Windows 8 on 32-bit platforms does not properly validate kernel-memory addresses, which allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted application, aka "Windows Kernel Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2013-3196 and CVE-2013-3198.

win32k.sys in the kernel in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP2, Vista Gold, SP1, and SP2, and Server 2008 Gold and SP2 does not correctly validate an argument to an unspecified system call, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application that triggers a NULL pointer dereference, aka "Win32k NULL Pointer Dereferencing Vulnerability."

Use-after-free vulnerability in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Vista SP1 and SP2 and Server 2008 Gold and SP2 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (system crash) by using a large number of calls to the NtUserCheckAccessForIntegrityLevel function to trigger a failure in the LockProcessByClientId function, leading to deletion of an in-use process object, aka "Win32k Reference Count Vulnerability."

Passcovery Co. Ltd ZIP Password Recovery v3.70.69.0 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the decompress function.

The Microsoft Device Guard on Microsoft Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, and 1703, and Windows Server 2016 allows a security feature bypass by the way it handles Windows PowerShell sessions, aka "Microsoft Windows Security Feature Bypass".

The kernel in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, and Server 2003 SP1 does not properly handle invalid pointers, which allows local users to gain privileges via an application that triggers use of a crafted pointer, aka "Windows Kernel Invalid Pointer Vulnerability."

The kernel in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP1 and SP2, Vista Gold and SP1, and Server 2008 does not properly validate handles, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application that triggers unspecified "actions," aka "Windows Kernel Handle Validation Vulnerability."

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in rpcss.dll when the RPC service Activation Kernel improperly handles an RPC request. To exploit this vulnerability, a low level authenticated attacker could run a specially crafted application. The security update addresses this vulnerability by correcting how rpcss.dll handles these requests., aka 'Windows RPCSS Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'.

The kernel in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP2, and Vista Gold does not properly allocate memory for the destination key associated with a symbolic-link registry key, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Windows Kernel Memory Allocation Vulnerability."

Unquoted Windows search path vulnerability in the QEMU Guest Agent service for Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop 6, HPC Node 6, Server 6, Workstation 6, Desktop Supplementary 6, Server Supplementary 6, Supplementary AUS 6.4, Supplementary EUS 6.4.z, and Workstation Supplementary 6, when installing on Windows, allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted program in an unspecified folder.

All versions of the NVIDIA Windows GPU Display Driver contain a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler where incorrect calculation may cause an invalid address access leading to denial of service or potential escalation of privileges.

All versions of NVIDIA Windows GPU Display Driver contain a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler for DxgkDdiEscape where the size of an input buffer is not validated, leading to denial of service or potential escalation of privileges.

Double free vulnerability in the kernel in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP2, Vista Gold, SP1, and SP2, and Server 2008 Gold and SP2 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Windows Kernel Double Free Vulnerability."

The Mozilla Maintenance Service in Mozilla Firefox before 22.0 on Windows does not properly handle inability to launch the Mozilla Updater executable file, which allows local users to gain privileges via vectors involving placement of a Trojan horse executable file at an arbitrary location.

Unspecified vulnerability in the kernel in Microsoft Windows 7 allows local users to gain privileges via unknown vectors, as demonstrated by Nils and Jon of MWR Labs during a Pwn2Own competition at CanSecWest 2013, a different vulnerability than CVE-2013-0912.

The kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2016 allow local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability." This vulnerability is different from those described in CVE-2017-0026, CVE-2017-0056, CVE-2017-0078, CVE-2017-0079, CVE-2017-0080, CVE-2017-0081, and CVE-2017-0082.

For the NVIDIA Quadro, NVS, and GeForce products, NVIDIA Windows GPU Display Driver R340 before 342.00 and R375 before 375.63 contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler for DxgDdiEscape ID 0x70001b2 where the size of an input buffer is not validated, leading to denial of service or potential escalation of privileges.

During an internal security review, Lenovo identified a local privilege escalation vulnerability in Lenovo System Interface Foundation software installed on some Windows 10 PCs where a user with local privileges could run arbitrary code with administrator level privileges.

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in Windows when the Win32k component fails to properly handle objects in memory, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability." This affects Windows 7, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2012, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 10, Windows 10 Servers. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-8120, CVE-2018-8124, CVE-2018-8166.

afd.sys in the Ancillary Function Driver (AFD) component in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3 and Windows Server 2003 SP1 and SP2 does not properly validate input sent from user mode to the kernel, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, as demonstrated using crafted pointers and lengths that bypass intended ProbeForRead and ProbeForWrite restrictions, aka "AFD Kernel Overwrite Vulnerability."

The kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, and 1607, and Windows Server 2016 allow local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."

The Installer in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, and 1607, and Windows Server 2016 mishandles library loading, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Windows Installer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when DirectX improperly handles objects in memory, aka "DirectX Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability." This affects Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows 8.1, Windows 10, Windows 10 Servers. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-8485, CVE-2018-8554.

The kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, and Windows 10 Gold, 1511, and 1607 allow local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability." a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-3266, CVE-2016-3376, and CVE-2016-7185.

The kernel in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP1 and SP2, Vista Gold and SP1, and Server 2008 does not properly validate window properties sent from a parent window to a child window during creation of a new window, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Windows Kernel Window Creation Vulnerability."

An issue was discovered in Veritas APTARE 10.4 before 10.4P9 and 10.5 before 10.5P3. By default, on Windows systems, users can create directories under C:\. A low privileged user can create a directory at the configuration file locations. When the Windows system restarts, a malicious OpenSSL engine could exploit arbitrary code execution as SYSTEM. This gives the attacker administrator access on the system, allowing the attacker (by default) to access all data, access all installed applications, etc.

The kernel in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP1 and SP2, Vista Gold and SP1, and Server 2008 does not properly validate parameters sent from user mode to the kernel, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Windows Kernel Memory Corruption Vulnerability."

Double free vulnerability in the kernel in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP1 and SP2, Vista Gold and SP1, and Server 2008 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application that makes system calls within multiple threads, aka "Windows Kernel Unhandled Exception Vulnerability." NOTE: according to Microsoft, this is not a duplicate of CVE-2008-4510.

The kernel-mode driver in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, and Windows 10 Gold and 1511 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2016-0093, CVE-2016-0094, and CVE-2016-0096.

The WINS service on Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, and Server 2003 SP1 and SP2, does not properly validate data structures in WINS network packets, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted packet, aka "Memory Overwrite Vulnerability."

Unspecified vulnerability in the kernel in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2, Server 2003 SP1 and SP2, through Vista SP1, and Server 2008 allows local users to execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors related to improper input validation. NOTE: it was later reported that one affected function is NtUserFnOUTSTRING in win32k.sys.

An issue was discovered in Veritas NetBackup and OpsCenter through 8.3.0.1. NetBackup processes using Strawberry Perl attempt to load and execute libraries from paths that do not exist by default on the Windows operating system. By default, on Windows systems, users can create directories under C:\. If a low privileged user on the Windows system creates an affected path with a library that NetBackup attempts to load, they can execute arbitrary code as SYSTEM or Administrator. This gives the attacker administrator access on the system, allowing the attacker (by default) to access all data, access all installed applications, etc. This affects NetBackup master servers, media servers, clients, and OpsCenter servers on the Windows platform. The system is vulnerable during an install or upgrade on all systems and post-install on Master, Media, and OpsCenter servers during normal operations.

The cpoint.sys driver in Panda Internet Security 2008 and Antivirus+ Firewall 2008 allows local users to cause a denial of service (system crash or kernel panic), overwrite memory, or execute arbitrary code via a crafted IOCTL request that triggers an out-of-bounds write of kernel memory.

VMware Workstation 6.0.x before 6.0.3 and 5.5.x before 5.5.6, VMware Player 2.0.x before 2.0.3 and 1.0.x before 1.0.6, VMware ACE 2.0.x before 2.0.1 and 1.0.x before 1.0.5, and VMware Server 1.0.x before 1.0.5 on Windows allow local users to gain privileges via an unspecified manipulation of a config.ini file located in an Application Data folder, which can be used for "hijacking the VMX process."

The kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows Server 2012 and Windows 10 Gold and 1511 allow local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability."

The I2O Utility Filter driver (i2omgmt.sys) 5.1.2600.2180 for Microsoft Windows XP sets Everyone/Write permissions for the "\\.\I2OExc" device interface, which allows local users to gain privileges. NOTE: this issue can be leveraged to overwrite arbitrary memory and execute code via an IOCTL call with a crafted DeviceObject pointer.

win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows Server 2012, and Windows RT allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Multiple Fetch Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2013-1342, CVE-2013-1343, CVE-2013-3864, and CVE-2013-3865.

win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows Server 2012, and Windows RT allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Multiple Fetch Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2013-1343, CVE-2013-1344, CVE-2013-3864, and CVE-2013-3865.

A vulnerability in Trend Micro Apex One, Worry-Free Business Security 10.0 SP1 and Worry-Free Business Security Services on macOS may allow an attacker to manipulate a certain binary to load and run a script from a user-writable folder, which then would allow them to execute arbitrary code as root. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.

Unspecified vulnerability in Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0 through 7.0 allows local users to gain privileges via unknown vectors related to file change notifications in the TPRoot, NNTPFile\Root, or WWWRoot folders.

Dreamweaver version 20.2 (and earlier) is affected by an uncontrolled search path element vulnerability that could lead to privilege escalation. Successful exploitation could result in a local user with permissions to write to the file system running system commands with administrator privileges.

A vulnerability in Trend Micro Apex One and Worry-Free Business Security 10.0 SP1 on Microsoft Windows may allow an attacker to manipulate a particular product folder to disable the security temporarily, abuse a specific Windows function and attain privilege escalation. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. Please note that version 1909 (OS Build 18363.719) of Microsoft Windows 10 mitigates hard links, but previous versions are affected.

A vulnerability in Trend Micro OfficeScan XG SP1 on Microsoft Windows may allow an attacker to create a hard link to any file on the system, which then could be manipulated to gain a privilege escalation and code execution. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. This CVE is similar, but not identical to CVE-2020-24556.

Unspecified vulnerability in the Windows Advanced Local Procedure Call (ALPC) in the kernel in Microsoft Windows Vista allows local users to gain privileges via unspecified vectors involving "legacy reply paths."

A vulnerability in Trend Micro Apex One, OfficeScan XG SP1, Worry-Free Business Security 10 SP1 and Worry-Free Business Security Services on Microsoft Windows may allow an attacker to create a hard link to any file on the system, which then could be manipulated to gain a privilege escalation and code execution. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. Please note that version 1909 (OS Build 18363.719) of Microsoft Windows 10 mitigates hard links, but previous versions are affected.