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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2023-45648

Summary
Assigner-apache
Assigner Org ID-f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09
Published At-10 Oct, 2023 | 18:38
Updated At-21 Aug, 2025 | 13:49
Rejected At-
Credits

Apache Tomcat: Trailer header parsing too lenient

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M11, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.13, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.81 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.93 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A specially crafted, invalid trailer header could cause Tomcat to treat a single request as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request smuggling when behind a reverse proxy. Older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M12 onwards, 10.1.14 onwards, 9.0.81 onwards or 8.5.94 onwards, which fix the issue.

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:apache
Assigner Org ID:f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09
Published At:10 Oct, 2023 | 18:38
Updated At:21 Aug, 2025 | 13:49
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)
Apache Tomcat: Trailer header parsing too lenient

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M11, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.13, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.81 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.93 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A specially crafted, invalid trailer header could cause Tomcat to treat a single request as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request smuggling when behind a reverse proxy. Older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M12 onwards, 10.1.14 onwards, 9.0.81 onwards or 8.5.94 onwards, which fix the issue.

Affected Products
Vendor
The Apache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation
Product
Apache Tomcat
Default Status
unaffected
Versions
Affected
  • From 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M11 (semver)
  • From 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.13 (semver)
  • From 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.81 (semver)
  • From 8.5.0 through 8.5.93 (semver)

unknown

  • From 3 before 8.5.0 (semver)
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
CWECWE-20CWE-20 Improper Input Validation
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-20
Description: CWE-20 Improper Input Validation
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Textual description of severity
text:
important
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

finder
Keran Mu and Jianjun Chen from Tsinghua University and Zhongguancun Laboratory
Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pv8yz1pyp088tsxfb7ogltk9msk0jdp
vendor-advisory
Hyperlink: https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pv8yz1pyp088tsxfb7ogltk9msk0jdp
Resource:
vendor-advisory
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
1. CVE Program Container
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pv8yz1pyp088tsxfb7ogltk9msk0jdp
vendor-advisory
x_transferred
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/10/10/10
x_transferred
https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5522
x_transferred
https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5521
x_transferred
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/10/msg00020.html
x_transferred
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231103-0007/
x_transferred
Hyperlink: https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pv8yz1pyp088tsxfb7ogltk9msk0jdp
Resource:
vendor-advisory
x_transferred
Hyperlink: http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/10/10/10
Resource:
x_transferred
Hyperlink: https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5522
Resource:
x_transferred
Hyperlink: https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5521
Resource:
x_transferred
Hyperlink: https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/10/msg00020.html
Resource:
x_transferred
Hyperlink: https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231103-0007/
Resource:
x_transferred
2. CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Vendor
The Apache Software Foundationapache
Product
tomcat
CPEs
  • cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Default Status
unknown
Versions
Affected
  • From 11.0.0-m1 through 11.0.0-m11 (semver)
  • From 10.1.0-m1 through 10.1.13 (semver)
  • From 9.0.0-m1 through 9.0.81 (semver)
  • From 8.5.0 through 8.5.93 (semver)
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
3.15.3MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Version: 3.1
Base score: 5.3
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:security@apache.org
Published At:10 Oct, 2023 | 19:15
Updated At:07 Aug, 2025 | 11:15

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat.Tomcat from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M11, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.13, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.81 and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.93 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A specially crafted, invalid trailer header could cause Tomcat to treat a single request as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request smuggling when behind a reverse proxy. Older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M12 onwards, 10.1.14 onwards, 9.0.81 onwards or 8.5.94 onwards, which fix the issue.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Primary3.15.3MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Secondary3.15.3MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Type: Primary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 5.3
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Type: Secondary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 5.3
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
CPE Matches

The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>Versions from 8.5.0(inclusive) to 8.5.94(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>Versions from 9.0.1(inclusive) to 9.0.81(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>Versions from 10.1.1(inclusive) to 10.1.14(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone1:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone10:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone11:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone12:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone13:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone14:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone15:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone16:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone17:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone18:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone19:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone2:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone20:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone21:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone22:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone23:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone24:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone25:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone26:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone27:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone3:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone4:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone5:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone6:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone7:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone8:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>9.0.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:9.0.0:milestone9:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone1:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone10:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone11:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone12:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone13:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone14:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone15:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone16:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone17:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone18:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone19:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone2:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone20:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone3:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone4:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone5:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone6:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone7:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone8:*:*:*:*:*:*
The Apache Software Foundation
apache
>>tomcat>>10.1.0
cpe:2.3:a:apache:tomcat:10.1.0:milestone9:*:*:*:*:*:*
Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
CWE-20Secondarysecurity@apache.org
NVD-CWE-OtherSecondarynvd@nist.gov
CWE ID: CWE-20
Type: Secondary
Source: security@apache.org
CWE ID: NVD-CWE-Other
Type: Secondary
Source: nvd@nist.gov
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pv8yz1pyp088tsxfb7ogltk9msk0jdpsecurity@apache.org
Vendor Advisory
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/10/10/10af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Mailing List
Third Party Advisory
https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pv8yz1pyp088tsxfb7ogltk9msk0jdpaf854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Vendor Advisory
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/10/msg00020.htmlaf854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Mailing List
Third Party Advisory
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231103-0007/af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
N/A
https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5521af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Third Party Advisory
https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5522af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Third Party Advisory
Hyperlink: https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pv8yz1pyp088tsxfb7ogltk9msk0jdp
Source: security@apache.org
Resource:
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/10/10/10
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource:
Mailing List
Third Party Advisory
Hyperlink: https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pv8yz1pyp088tsxfb7ogltk9msk0jdp
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource:
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/10/msg00020.html
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource:
Mailing List
Third Party Advisory
Hyperlink: https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231103-0007/
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5521
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource:
Third Party Advisory
Hyperlink: https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5522
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource:
Third Party Advisory

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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