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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2023-46835

Summary
Assigner-XEN
Assigner Org ID-23aa2041-22e1-471f-9209-9b7396fa234f
Published At-05 Jan, 2024 | 16:34
Updated At-04 Nov, 2025 | 19:25
Rejected At-
Credits

x86/AMD: mismatch in IOMMU quarantine page table levels

The current setup of the quarantine page tables assumes that the quarantine domain (dom_io) has been initialized with an address width of DEFAULT_DOMAIN_ADDRESS_WIDTH (48) and hence 4 page table levels. However dom_io being a PV domain gets the AMD-Vi IOMMU page tables levels based on the maximum (hot pluggable) RAM address, and hence on systems with no RAM above the 512GB mark only 3 page-table levels are configured in the IOMMU. On systems without RAM above the 512GB boundary amd_iommu_quarantine_init() will setup page tables for the scratch page with 4 levels, while the IOMMU will be configured to use 3 levels only, resulting in the last page table directory (PDE) effectively becoming a page table entry (PTE), and hence a device in quarantine mode gaining write access to the page destined to be a PDE. Due to this page table level mismatch, the sink page the device gets read/write access to is no longer cleared between device assignment, possibly leading to data leaks.

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:XEN
Assigner Org ID:23aa2041-22e1-471f-9209-9b7396fa234f
Published At:05 Jan, 2024 | 16:34
Updated At:04 Nov, 2025 | 19:25
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)
x86/AMD: mismatch in IOMMU quarantine page table levels

The current setup of the quarantine page tables assumes that the quarantine domain (dom_io) has been initialized with an address width of DEFAULT_DOMAIN_ADDRESS_WIDTH (48) and hence 4 page table levels. However dom_io being a PV domain gets the AMD-Vi IOMMU page tables levels based on the maximum (hot pluggable) RAM address, and hence on systems with no RAM above the 512GB mark only 3 page-table levels are configured in the IOMMU. On systems without RAM above the 512GB boundary amd_iommu_quarantine_init() will setup page tables for the scratch page with 4 levels, while the IOMMU will be configured to use 3 levels only, resulting in the last page table directory (PDE) effectively becoming a page table entry (PTE), and hence a device in quarantine mode gaining write access to the page destined to be a PDE. Due to this page table level mismatch, the sink page the device gets read/write access to is no longer cleared between device assignment, possibly leading to data leaks.

Affected Products
Vendor
Xen ProjectXen
Product
Xen
Default Status
unknown
Versions

unknown

  • consult Xen advisory XSA-445
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
N/AA device in quarantine mode can access data from previous quarantine page table usages, possibly leaking data used by previous domains that also had the device assigned.
CAPEC ID: N/A
Description: A device in quarantine mode can access data from previous quarantine page table usages, possibly leaking data used by previous domains that also had the device assigned.
Solutions
Configurations

All Xen versions supporting PCI passthrough are affected. Only x86 AMD systems with IOMMU hardware are vulnerable. Only x86 guests which have physical devices passed through to them can leverage the vulnerability.

Workarounds

Not passing through physical devices to guests will avoid the vulnerability. Not using quarantine scratch-page mode will avoid the vulnerability, but could result in other issues.

Exploits
Credits
finder
This issue was discovered by Roger Pau Monné of XenServer.
Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By
Rejected Reason
References
HyperlinkResource
https://xenbits.xenproject.org/xsa/advisory-445.html
N/A
Hyperlink: https://xenbits.xenproject.org/xsa/advisory-445.html
Resource: N/A
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
1. CVE Program Container
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions
Configurations
Workarounds
Exploits
Credits
Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By
Rejected Reason
References
HyperlinkResource
https://xenbits.xenproject.org/xsa/advisory-445.html
x_transferred
http://xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-445.html
N/A
Hyperlink: https://xenbits.xenproject.org/xsa/advisory-445.html
Resource:
x_transferred
Hyperlink: http://xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-445.html
Resource: N/A
2. CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
CWECWE-787CWE-787 Out-of-bounds Write
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-787
Description: CWE-787 Out-of-bounds Write
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
3.15.5MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Version: 3.1
Base score: 5.5
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions
Configurations
Workarounds
Exploits
Credits
Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By
Rejected Reason
References
HyperlinkResource
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:security@xen.org
Published At:05 Jan, 2024 | 17:15
Updated At:04 Nov, 2025 | 20:17

The current setup of the quarantine page tables assumes that the quarantine domain (dom_io) has been initialized with an address width of DEFAULT_DOMAIN_ADDRESS_WIDTH (48) and hence 4 page table levels. However dom_io being a PV domain gets the AMD-Vi IOMMU page tables levels based on the maximum (hot pluggable) RAM address, and hence on systems with no RAM above the 512GB mark only 3 page-table levels are configured in the IOMMU. On systems without RAM above the 512GB boundary amd_iommu_quarantine_init() will setup page tables for the scratch page with 4 levels, while the IOMMU will be configured to use 3 levels only, resulting in the last page table directory (PDE) effectively becoming a page table entry (PTE), and hence a device in quarantine mode gaining write access to the page destined to be a PDE. Due to this page table level mismatch, the sink page the device gets read/write access to is no longer cleared between device assignment, possibly leading to data leaks.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Primary3.15.5MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Secondary3.15.5MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Type: Primary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 5.5
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Type: Secondary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 5.5
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
CPE Matches
Xen Project
xen
>>xen>>*
cpe:2.3:o:xen:xen:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
NVD-CWE-noinfoPrimarynvd@nist.gov
CWE-787Secondary134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CWE ID: NVD-CWE-noinfo
Type: Primary
Source: nvd@nist.gov
CWE ID: CWE-787
Type: Secondary
Source: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Evaluator Description
Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements
References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://xenbits.xenproject.org/xsa/advisory-445.htmlsecurity@xen.org
Patch
Vendor Advisory
http://xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-445.htmlaf854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
N/A
https://xenbits.xenproject.org/xsa/advisory-445.htmlaf854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Patch
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: https://xenbits.xenproject.org/xsa/advisory-445.html
Source: security@xen.org
Resource:
Patch
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: http://xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-445.html
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://xenbits.xenproject.org/xsa/advisory-445.html
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource:
Patch
Vendor Advisory

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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