Improper path handling in Obsidian desktop before 1.2.8 on Windows, Linux and macOS allows a crafted webpage to access local files and exfiltrate them to remote web servers via "app://local/<absolute-path>". This vulnerability can be exploited if a user opens a malicious markdown file in Obsidian, or copies text from a malicious webpage and paste it into Obsidian.

An improper input validation leading to arbitrary file creation was discovered in ToWord of ToOffice. Remote attackers use this vulnerability to execute arbitrary file included malicious code.

Microsoft Office Visio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Microsoft Excel Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Windows NTLM Spoofing Vulnerability

Unspecified vulnerability in Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.1 on Windows XP SP3, when directory-based Basic Authentication is enabled, allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and execute ASP files via a crafted request, aka "Directory Authentication Bypass Vulnerability."

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when Windows improperly handles authentication requests, aka "Microsoft Windows Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability." This affects Windows 7, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2012, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 10, Windows 10 Servers.

In some cases, Service Pack 4 for Windows NT 4.0 can allow access to network shares using a blank password, through a problem with a null NT hash value.

The LDAP over SSL (aka LDAPS) implementation in Active Directory, Active Directory Application Mode (ADAM), and Active Directory Lightweight Directory Service (AD LDS) in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2, R2, and R2 SP1, and Windows 7 Gold and SP1 does not examine Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs), which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended certificate restrictions and access Active Directory resources by leveraging a revoked X.509 certificate for a domain account, aka "LDAPS Authentication Bypass Vulnerability."

Windows NT does not properly download a system policy if the domain user logs into the domain with a space at the end of the domain name.

Windows NT Terminal Server performs extra work when a client opens a new connection but before it is authenticated, allowing for a denial of service.

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when Skype for Andriod fails to properly handle specific authentication requests, aka "Skype for Android Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability." This affects Skype 8.35.

Improper authentication in Windows NTLM allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

On April 18th 2025, Microsoft announced Exchange Server Security Changes for Hybrid Deployments and accompanying non-security Hot Fix. Microsoft made these changes in the general interest of improving the security of hybrid Exchange deployments. Following further investigation, Microsoft identified specific security implications tied to the guidance and configuration steps outlined in the April announcement. Microsoft is issuing CVE-2025-53786 to document a vulnerability that is addressed by taking the steps documented with the April 18th announcement. Microsoft strongly recommends reading the information, installing the April 2025 (or later) Hot Fix and implementing the changes in your Exchange Server and hybrid environment.

Improper authentication in Azure Stack allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

The Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS) in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3 and Server 2003 SP2 does not properly process authentication requests, which allows local users to gain privileges via a request with a crafted length, aka "LSASS Length Validation Vulnerability."

Kerberos in Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7 does not prevent a session from changing from strong encryption to DES encryption, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof network traffic and obtain sensitive information via a DES downgrade, aka "Kerberos Spoofing Vulnerability."

A Security Feature Bypass vulnerability exists in ASP.NET when the number of incorrect login attempts is not validated, aka "ASP.NET Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability." This affects ASP.NET, ASP.NET Core 1.1, ASP.NET Core 1.0, ASP.NET Core 2.0, ASP.NET MVC 5.2.

Microsoft Internet Explorer 8, and possibly other versions, detects http content in https web pages only when the top-level frame uses https, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to execute arbitrary web script, in an https site's context, by modifying an http page to include an https iframe that references a script file on an http site, related to "HTTP-Intended-but-HTTPS-Loadable (HPIHSL) pages."

Microsoft Internet Explorer before 8 uses the HTTP Host header to determine the context of a document provided in a (1) 4xx or (2) 5xx CONNECT response from a proxy server, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to execute arbitrary web script by modifying this CONNECT response, aka an "SSL tampering" attack.

Microsoft Internet Explorer before 8 displays a cached certificate for a (1) 4xx or (2) 5xx CONNECT response page returned by a proxy server, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof an arbitrary https site by letting a browser obtain a valid certificate from this site during one request, and then sending the browser a crafted 502 response page upon a subsequent request.

The WebDAV extension in Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0 on Windows 2000 SP4 does not properly decode URLs, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication, and possibly read or create files, via a crafted HTTP request, aka "IIS 5.0 WebDAV Authentication Bypass Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2009-1535.

Adobe FrameMaker Publishing Server versions 2022.1 and earlier are affected by an Improper Authentication vulnerability that could result in a Security feature bypass. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication mechanisms and gain unauthorized access. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

Microsoft Exchange Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Windows Kerberos Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability

Improper authentication in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

Improper authentication in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

A vulnerability was reported in some Lenovo Desktop models that could allow unauthorized access to the boot menu, when the "BIOS Password At Boot Device List" BIOS setting is Yes.

The Internet Authentication Service (IAS) in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2 and Server 2008 SP2 does not properly validate MS-CHAP v2 Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol (PEAP) authentication requests, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted structures in a malformed request, aka "Internet Authentication Service Memory Corruption Vulnerability."

The Secure Channel (aka SChannel) authentication component in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP1 and SP2, Vista Gold and SP1, and Server 2008, when certificate authentication is used, does not properly validate the client's key exchange data in Transport Layer Security (TLS) handshake messages, which allows remote attackers to spoof authentication by crafting a TLS packet based on knowledge of the certificate but not the private key, aka "SChannel Spoofing Vulnerability."

iDrive RemotePC before 7.6.48 on Windows allows authentication bypass. A remote and unauthenticated attacker can bypass cloud authentication to connect and control a system via TCP port 5970 and 5980.

SMU versions prior to 14.8.7825.01 are susceptible to unintended information disclosure, through URL manipulation. Authenticated users in a Storage administrative role are able to access HNAS configuration backup and diagnostic data, that would normally be barred to that specific administrative role.

The WebDAV extension in Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.1 and 6.0 allows remote attackers to bypass URI-based protection mechanisms, and list folders or read, create, or modify files, via a %c0%af (Unicode / character) at an arbitrary position in the URI, as demonstrated by inserting %c0%af into a "/protected/" initial pathname component to bypass the password protection on the protected\ folder, aka "IIS 5.1 and 6.0 WebDAV Authentication Bypass Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2009-1122.

BigTree 4.2.23 on Windows, when Advanced or Simple Rewrite routing is enabled, allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via a ..\ substring, as demonstrated by a launch.php?bigtree_htaccess_url=admin/images/..\ URI.

Inappropriate implementation in the ChromeOS Readiness Tool installer on Windows prior to 1.0.2.0 loosens DCOM access rights on two objects allowing an attacker to potentially bypass discretionary access controls.

SecureCore Standard Edition Version 2.x allows an attacker to bypass the product 's authentication to log in to a Windows PC.

Adobe FrameMaker Publishing Server versions 2022 and earlier are affected by an Improper Authentication vulnerability that could result in a Security feature bypass. An unauthenticated attacker can abuse this vulnerability to access the API and leak default admin's password. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

Sensitive information disclosure and manipulation due to improper authentication. The following products are affected: Acronis Cyber Protect 15 (Linux, macOS, Windows) before build 35979.

The audit logon feature in Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, and Windows RT Gold and 8.1 does not properly log unauthorized login attempts supplying valid credentials, which makes it easier for remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via a series of attempts, aka "Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) Failure to Audit Vulnerability."

Improper authentication in Microsoft Defender for Identity allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over an adjacent network.

The Credential Security Support Provider protocol (CredSSP) in Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1 and RT 8.1, Windows Server 2012 and R2, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, 1703, and 1709 Windows Server 2016 and Windows Server, version 1709 allows a remote code execution vulnerability due to how CredSSP validates request during the authentication process, aka "CredSSP Remote Code Execution Vulnerability".

Windows DPAPI (Data Protection Application Programming Interface) Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007 Gold and SP1 and Microsoft Search Server 2008 do not properly perform authentication and authorization for administrative functions, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (server load), obtain sensitive information, and "create scripts that would run in the context of the site" via requests to administrative URIs, aka "Access Control Vulnerability."

The OneClickSigninBubbleView::WindowClosing function in browser/ui/views/sync/one_click_signin_bubble_view.cc in Google Chrome before 32.0.1700.76 on Windows and before 32.0.1700.77 on Mac OS X and Linux allows attackers to trigger a sync with an arbitrary Google account by leveraging improper handling of the closing of an untrusted signin confirm dialog.

Windows 7 is vulnerable to a full blind TCP/IP hijacking attack. The vulnerability exists in Windows 7 (any Windows until Windows 8) and in any implementation of TCP/IP, which is vulnerable to the Idle scan attack (including many IoT devices). NOTE: The vendor considers this a low severity issue.

Microsoft Windows 7 SP1, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 8.1 and Windows RT 8.1, Windows Server 2012 and R2, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, and 1703, and Windows Server 2016 allows an attacker to bypass Extended Protection for Authentication when Kerberos fails to prevent tampering with the SNAME field during ticket exchange, aka "Kerberos SNAME Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability" or Orpheus' Lyre.

Bot Framework SDK Information Disclosure Vulnerability

Microsoft Host Integration Server (HIS) 2000, 2004, and 2006 does not limit RPC access to administrative functions, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary programs via a crafted SNA RPC message using opcode 1 or 6 to call the CreateProcess function, aka "HIS Command Execution Vulnerability."

Windows Remote Desktop Configuration Service Tampering Vulnerability