A denial of service (DoS) vulnerability has been identified in the JavaScript library microlight version 0.0.7. This library, used for syntax highlighting, does not limit the size of textual content it processes in HTML elements with the microlight class. When excessively large content (e.g., 100 million characters) is processed, the reset function in microlight.js consumes excessive memory and CPU resources, causing browser crashes or unresponsiveness. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by tricking a user into visiting a malicious web page containing a microlight element with large content, resulting in a denial of service. NOTE: this is disputed by multiple parties because a large amount of memory and CPU resources is expected to be needed for content of that size.

OpenFHE through 1.2.3 has a NULL pointer dereference in BinFHEContext::EvalFloor in lib/binfhe-base-scheme.cpp.

libheif before 1.19.6 has a NULL pointer dereference in ImageItem_iden in image-items/iden.cc.

libheif before 1.19.6 has a NULL pointer dereference in ImageItem_Grid::get_decoder in image-items/grid.cc because a grid image can reference a nonexistent image item.

TagLib before 2.0 allows a segmentation violation and application crash during tag writing via a crafted WAV file in which an id3 chunk is the only valid chunk.

libxml2 before 2.12.10 and 2.13.x before 2.13.6 has a NULL pointer dereference in xmlPatMatch in pattern.c.

Contiki-NG is an open-source, cross-platform operating system for Next-Generation IoT devices. Versions prior to 4.9 contain a NULL Pointer Dereference in BLE L2CAP module. The Contiki-NG operating system for IoT devices contains a Bluetooth Low Energy stack. An attacker can inject a packet in this stack, which causes the implementation to dereference a NULL pointer and triggers undefined behavior. More specifically, while processing the L2CAP protocol, the implementation maps an incoming channel ID to its metadata structure. In this structure, state information regarding credits is managed through calls to the function input_l2cap_credit in the module os/net/mac/ble/ble-l2cap.c. Unfortunately, the input_l2cap_credit function does not check that the metadata corresponding to the user-supplied channel ID actually exists, which can lead to the channel variable being set to NULL before a pointer dereferencing operation is performed. The vulnerability has been patched in the "develop" branch of Contiki-NG, and will be included in release 4.9. Users can apply the patch in Contiki-NG pull request #2253 as a workaround until the new package is released.