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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2025-54887

Summary
Assigner-GitHub_M
Assigner Org ID-a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa
Published At-08 Aug, 2025 | 00:06
Updated At-08 Aug, 2025 | 16:43
Rejected At-
Credits

jwe: Missing AES-GCM authentication tag validation in encrypted JWEs

jwe is a Ruby implementation of the RFC 7516 JSON Web Encryption (JWE) standard. In versions 1.1.0 and below, authentication tags of encrypted JWEs can be brute forced, which may result in loss of confidentiality for those JWEs and provide ways to craft arbitrary JWEs. This puts users at risk because JWEs can be modified to decrypt to an arbitrary value, decrypted by observing parsing differences and the GCM internal GHASH key can be recovered. Users are affected by this vulnerability even if they do not use an AES-GCM encryption algorithm for their JWEs. As the GHASH key may have been leaked, users must rotate the encryption keys after upgrading. This issue is fixed in version 1.1.1.

Vendors
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Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:GitHub_M
Assigner Org ID:a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa
Published At:08 Aug, 2025 | 00:06
Updated At:08 Aug, 2025 | 16:43
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)
jwe: Missing AES-GCM authentication tag validation in encrypted JWEs

jwe is a Ruby implementation of the RFC 7516 JSON Web Encryption (JWE) standard. In versions 1.1.0 and below, authentication tags of encrypted JWEs can be brute forced, which may result in loss of confidentiality for those JWEs and provide ways to craft arbitrary JWEs. This puts users at risk because JWEs can be modified to decrypt to an arbitrary value, decrypted by observing parsing differences and the GCM internal GHASH key can be recovered. Users are affected by this vulnerability even if they do not use an AES-GCM encryption algorithm for their JWEs. As the GHASH key may have been leaked, users must rotate the encryption keys after upgrading. This issue is fixed in version 1.1.1.

Affected Products
Vendor
jwt
Product
ruby-jwe
Versions
Affected
  • < 1.1.1
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
CWECWE-354CWE-354: Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-354
Description: CWE-354: Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
3.19.1CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Version: 3.1
Base score: 9.1
Base severity: CRITICAL
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwe/security/advisories/GHSA-c7p4-hx26-pr73
x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwe/commit/1e719d79ba3d7aadaa39a2f08c25df077a0f9ff1
x_refsource_MISC
Hyperlink: https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwe/security/advisories/GHSA-c7p4-hx26-pr73
Resource:
x_refsource_CONFIRM
Hyperlink: https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwe/commit/1e719d79ba3d7aadaa39a2f08c25df077a0f9ff1
Resource:
x_refsource_MISC
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:security-advisories@github.com
Published At:08 Aug, 2025 | 01:15
Updated At:08 Aug, 2025 | 20:30

jwe is a Ruby implementation of the RFC 7516 JSON Web Encryption (JWE) standard. In versions 1.1.0 and below, authentication tags of encrypted JWEs can be brute forced, which may result in loss of confidentiality for those JWEs and provide ways to craft arbitrary JWEs. This puts users at risk because JWEs can be modified to decrypt to an arbitrary value, decrypted by observing parsing differences and the GCM internal GHASH key can be recovered. Users are affected by this vulnerability even if they do not use an AES-GCM encryption algorithm for their JWEs. As the GHASH key may have been leaked, users must rotate the encryption keys after upgrading. This issue is fixed in version 1.1.1.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Secondary3.19.1CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Type: Secondary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 9.1
Base severity: CRITICAL
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
CPE Matches

Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
CWE-354Primarysecurity-advisories@github.com
CWE ID: CWE-354
Type: Primary
Source: security-advisories@github.com
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwe/commit/1e719d79ba3d7aadaa39a2f08c25df077a0f9ff1security-advisories@github.com
N/A
https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwe/security/advisories/GHSA-c7p4-hx26-pr73security-advisories@github.com
N/A
Hyperlink: https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwe/commit/1e719d79ba3d7aadaa39a2f08c25df077a0f9ff1
Source: security-advisories@github.com
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwe/security/advisories/GHSA-c7p4-hx26-pr73
Source: security-advisories@github.com
Resource: N/A

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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