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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2025-66023

Summary
Assigner-GitHub_M
Assigner Org ID-a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa
Published At-01 Jan, 2026 | 15:11
Updated At-05 Jan, 2026 | 20:04
Rejected At-
Credits

NanoMQ has Use-After-Free of malformed bridging message

NanoMQ MQTT Broker (NanoMQ) is an all-around Edge Messaging Platform. Versions prior to 0.24.5 have a Heap-Use-After-Free (UAF) vulnerability within the MQTT bridge client component (implemented via the underlying NanoNNG library). The vulnerability is triggered when NanoMQ acts as a bridge connecting to a remote MQTT broker. A malicious remote broker can trigger a crash (Denial of Service) or potential memory corruption by accepting the connection and immediately sending a malformed packet sequence. Version 0.34.5 contains a patch. The patch enforces stricter protocol adherence in the MQTT client SDK embedded in NanoMQ. Specifically, it ensures that CONNACK is always the first packet processed in the line. This prevents the state confusion that led to the Heap-Use-After-Free (UAF) when a malicious server sent a malformed packet sequence immediately after connection establishment. As a workaround, validate the remote broker before bridging.

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:GitHub_M
Assigner Org ID:a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa
Published At:01 Jan, 2026 | 15:11
Updated At:05 Jan, 2026 | 20:04
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)
NanoMQ has Use-After-Free of malformed bridging message

NanoMQ MQTT Broker (NanoMQ) is an all-around Edge Messaging Platform. Versions prior to 0.24.5 have a Heap-Use-After-Free (UAF) vulnerability within the MQTT bridge client component (implemented via the underlying NanoNNG library). The vulnerability is triggered when NanoMQ acts as a bridge connecting to a remote MQTT broker. A malicious remote broker can trigger a crash (Denial of Service) or potential memory corruption by accepting the connection and immediately sending a malformed packet sequence. Version 0.34.5 contains a patch. The patch enforces stricter protocol adherence in the MQTT client SDK embedded in NanoMQ. Specifically, it ensures that CONNACK is always the first packet processed in the line. This prevents the state confusion that led to the Heap-Use-After-Free (UAF) when a malicious server sent a malformed packet sequence immediately after connection establishment. As a workaround, validate the remote broker before bridging.

Affected Products
Vendor
nanomq
Product
nanomq
Versions
Affected
  • < 0.24.5
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
CWECWE-416CWE-416: Use After Free
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-416
Description: CWE-416: Use After Free
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
4.06.9MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H
Version: 4.0
Base score: 6.9
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/security/advisories/GHSA-24f7-q5hh-27hf
x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/issues/2145
x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/nanomq/NanoNNG/pull/1365
x_refsource_MISC
Hyperlink: https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/security/advisories/GHSA-24f7-q5hh-27hf
Resource:
x_refsource_CONFIRM
Hyperlink: https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/issues/2145
Resource:
x_refsource_MISC
Hyperlink: https://github.com/nanomq/NanoNNG/pull/1365
Resource:
x_refsource_MISC
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:security-advisories@github.com
Published At:01 Jan, 2026 | 15:15
Updated At:02 Jan, 2026 | 16:45

NanoMQ MQTT Broker (NanoMQ) is an all-around Edge Messaging Platform. Versions prior to 0.24.5 have a Heap-Use-After-Free (UAF) vulnerability within the MQTT bridge client component (implemented via the underlying NanoNNG library). The vulnerability is triggered when NanoMQ acts as a bridge connecting to a remote MQTT broker. A malicious remote broker can trigger a crash (Denial of Service) or potential memory corruption by accepting the connection and immediately sending a malformed packet sequence. Version 0.34.5 contains a patch. The patch enforces stricter protocol adherence in the MQTT client SDK embedded in NanoMQ. Specifically, it ensures that CONNACK is always the first packet processed in the line. This prevents the state confusion that led to the Heap-Use-After-Free (UAF) when a malicious server sent a malformed packet sequence immediately after connection establishment. As a workaround, validate the remote broker before bridging.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Secondary4.06.9MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Type: Secondary
Version: 4.0
Base score: 6.9
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CPE Matches

Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
CWE-416Primarysecurity-advisories@github.com
CWE ID: CWE-416
Type: Primary
Source: security-advisories@github.com
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://github.com/nanomq/NanoNNG/pull/1365security-advisories@github.com
N/A
https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/issues/2145security-advisories@github.com
N/A
https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/security/advisories/GHSA-24f7-q5hh-27hfsecurity-advisories@github.com
N/A
Hyperlink: https://github.com/nanomq/NanoNNG/pull/1365
Source: security-advisories@github.com
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/issues/2145
Source: security-advisories@github.com
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/security/advisories/GHSA-24f7-q5hh-27hf
Source: security-advisories@github.com
Resource: N/A

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

Similar CVEs

2Records found

CVE-2025-65953
Matching Score-6
Assigner-GitHub, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-6
Assigner-GitHub, Inc.
CVSS Score-6||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.06% / 19.32%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-25 Nov, 2025 | 23:13
Updated-01 Dec, 2025 | 15:39
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
NanoMQ UAF of retain message due to invalid MQTTV5 properties

NanoMQ MQTT Broker (NanoMQ) is an all-around Edge Messaging Platform. Prior to version 0.22.5, a Heap-Use-After-Free (UAF) vulnerability exists in the TCP transport component of NanoMQ, which relies on the underlying NanoNNG library (specifically in src/sp/transport/mqtt/broker_tcp.c). The vulnerability is due to improper resource management and premature cleanup of message and pipe structures under specific malformed MQTTV5 retain message traffic conditions. This issue has been patched in version 0.22.5.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-nanomq
Product-nanomq
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-59946
Matching Score-6
Assigner-GitHub, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-6
Assigner-GitHub, Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.05% / 16.55%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-27 Dec, 2025 | 00:40
Updated-30 Jan, 2026 | 21:14
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
NanoMQ has a Use After Free vulnerability via sub info list

NanoMQ MQTT Broker (NanoMQ) is an Edge Messaging Platform. Prior to version 0.24.2, there is a classical data racing issue about sub info list which could result in heap use after free crash. This issue has been patched in version 0.24.2.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-emqxnanomq
Product-nanomqnanomq
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
Details not found