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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2003-0648

Summary
Assigner-mitre
Assigner Org ID-8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca
Published At-06 Apr, 2004 | 04:00
Updated At-08 Aug, 2024 | 01:58
Rejected At-
Credits

Multiple buffer overflows in vfte, based on FTE, before 0.50, allow local users to execute arbitrary code.

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:mitre
Assigner Org ID:8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca
Published At:06 Apr, 2004 | 04:00
Updated At:08 Aug, 2024 | 01:58
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)

Multiple buffer overflows in vfte, based on FTE, before 0.50, allow local users to execute arbitrary code.

Affected Products
Vendor
n/a
Product
n/a
Versions
Affected
  • n/a
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
textN/An/a
Type: text
CWE ID: N/A
Description: n/a
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
http://secunia.com/advisories/11290
third-party-advisory
x_refsource_SECUNIA
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/10041
vdb-entry
x_refsource_BID
http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/900964
third-party-advisory
x_refsource_CERT-VN
http://securitytracker.com/id?1009655
vdb-entry
x_refsource_SECTRACK
http://securitytracker.com/id?1009656
vdb-entry
x_refsource_SECTRACK
http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/354838
third-party-advisory
x_refsource_CERT-VN
http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-472
vendor-advisory
x_refsource_DEBIAN
https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/15726
vdb-entry
x_refsource_XF
Hyperlink: http://secunia.com/advisories/11290
Resource:
third-party-advisory
x_refsource_SECUNIA
Hyperlink: http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/10041
Resource:
vdb-entry
x_refsource_BID
Hyperlink: http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/900964
Resource:
third-party-advisory
x_refsource_CERT-VN
Hyperlink: http://securitytracker.com/id?1009655
Resource:
vdb-entry
x_refsource_SECTRACK
Hyperlink: http://securitytracker.com/id?1009656
Resource:
vdb-entry
x_refsource_SECTRACK
Hyperlink: http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/354838
Resource:
third-party-advisory
x_refsource_CERT-VN
Hyperlink: http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-472
Resource:
vendor-advisory
x_refsource_DEBIAN
Hyperlink: https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/15726
Resource:
vdb-entry
x_refsource_XF
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
CVE Program Container
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
http://secunia.com/advisories/11290
third-party-advisory
x_refsource_SECUNIA
x_transferred
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/10041
vdb-entry
x_refsource_BID
x_transferred
http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/900964
third-party-advisory
x_refsource_CERT-VN
x_transferred
http://securitytracker.com/id?1009655
vdb-entry
x_refsource_SECTRACK
x_transferred
http://securitytracker.com/id?1009656
vdb-entry
x_refsource_SECTRACK
x_transferred
http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/354838
third-party-advisory
x_refsource_CERT-VN
x_transferred
http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-472
vendor-advisory
x_refsource_DEBIAN
x_transferred
https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/15726
vdb-entry
x_refsource_XF
x_transferred
Hyperlink: http://secunia.com/advisories/11290
Resource:
third-party-advisory
x_refsource_SECUNIA
x_transferred
Hyperlink: http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/10041
Resource:
vdb-entry
x_refsource_BID
x_transferred
Hyperlink: http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/900964
Resource:
third-party-advisory
x_refsource_CERT-VN
x_transferred
Hyperlink: http://securitytracker.com/id?1009655
Resource:
vdb-entry
x_refsource_SECTRACK
x_transferred
Hyperlink: http://securitytracker.com/id?1009656
Resource:
vdb-entry
x_refsource_SECTRACK
x_transferred
Hyperlink: http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/354838
Resource:
third-party-advisory
x_refsource_CERT-VN
x_transferred
Hyperlink: http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-472
Resource:
vendor-advisory
x_refsource_DEBIAN
x_transferred
Hyperlink: https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/15726
Resource:
vdb-entry
x_refsource_XF
x_transferred
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:cve@mitre.org
Published At:04 May, 2004 | 04:00
Updated At:03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03

Multiple buffer overflows in vfte, based on FTE, before 0.50, allow local users to execute arbitrary code.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Primary2.010.0HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
Type: Primary
Version: 2.0
Base score: 10.0
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
CPE Matches

fte
fte
>>fte_text_editor>>*
cpe:2.3:a:fte:fte_text_editor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Debian GNU/Linux
debian
>>debian_linux>>3.0
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
NVD-CWE-OtherPrimarynvd@nist.gov
CWE ID: NVD-CWE-Other
Type: Primary
Source: nvd@nist.gov
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
http://secunia.com/advisories/11290cve@mitre.org
N/A
http://securitytracker.com/id?1009655cve@mitre.org
N/A
http://securitytracker.com/id?1009656cve@mitre.org
N/A
http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-472cve@mitre.org
Patch
Vendor Advisory
http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/354838cve@mitre.org
US Government Resource
http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/900964cve@mitre.org
US Government Resource
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/10041cve@mitre.org
N/A
https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/15726cve@mitre.org
N/A
http://secunia.com/advisories/11290af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
N/A
http://securitytracker.com/id?1009655af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
N/A
http://securitytracker.com/id?1009656af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
N/A
http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-472af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Patch
Vendor Advisory
http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/354838af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
US Government Resource
http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/900964af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
US Government Resource
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/10041af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
N/A
https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/15726af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
N/A
Hyperlink: http://secunia.com/advisories/11290
Source: cve@mitre.org
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: http://securitytracker.com/id?1009655
Source: cve@mitre.org
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: http://securitytracker.com/id?1009656
Source: cve@mitre.org
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-472
Source: cve@mitre.org
Resource:
Patch
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/354838
Source: cve@mitre.org
Resource:
US Government Resource
Hyperlink: http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/900964
Source: cve@mitre.org
Resource:
US Government Resource
Hyperlink: http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/10041
Source: cve@mitre.org
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/15726
Source: cve@mitre.org
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: http://secunia.com/advisories/11290
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: http://securitytracker.com/id?1009655
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: http://securitytracker.com/id?1009656
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-472
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource:
Patch
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/354838
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource:
US Government Resource
Hyperlink: http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/900964
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource:
US Government Resource
Hyperlink: http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/10041
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/15726
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource: N/A

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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Matching Score-8
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Matching Score-8
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Matching Score-8
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Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-3.31% / 86.71%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-29 Aug, 2012 | 10:00
Updated-11 Apr, 2025 | 00:51
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Use-after-free vulnerability in the gfxTextRun::CanBreakLineBefore function in Mozilla Firefox before 15.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.7, Thunderbird before 15.0, Thunderbird ESR 10.x before 10.0.7, and SeaMonkey before 2.12 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (heap memory corruption) via unspecified vectors.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aSUSECanonical Ltd.Mozilla CorporationRed Hat, Inc.openSUSEDebian GNU/Linux
Product-enterprise_linux_desktoplinux_enterprise_serverlinux_enterprise_software_development_kitubuntu_linuxthunderbird_esrenterprise_linux_eusseamonkeyenterprise_linux_workstationthunderbirddebian_linuxlinux_enterprise_desktopfirefoxopensuseenterprise_linux_server_eusenterprise_linux_servern/a
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2005-3625
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-11.29% / 93.25%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-06 Jan, 2006 | 22:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Xpdf, as used in products such as gpdf, kpdf, pdftohtml, poppler, teTeX, CUPS, libextractor, and others, allows attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via streams that end prematurely, as demonstrated using the (1) CCITTFaxDecode and (2) DCTDecode streams, aka "Infinite CPU spins."

Action-Not Available
Vendor-conectivascoxpdftetexturbolinuxlibextractortrustixpopplereasy_software_productsn/aMandriva (Mandrakesoft)KDESlackwareGentoo Foundation, Inc.Debian GNU/LinuxRed Hat, Inc.SUSEUbuntuSilicon Graphics, Inc.
Product-popplerkwordtetexsecure_linuxxpdfubuntu_linuxopenserverturbolinux_desktoplibextractorturbolinux_multimediaturbolinux_homedebian_linuxturbolinux_workstationkdegraphicslinuxenterprise_linuxlinux_advanced_workstationpropackcupskofficemandrake_linux_corporate_serverturbolinux_serverturbolinuxenterprise_linux_desktopsuse_linuxkpdfturbolinux_personalfedora_coreturbolinux_appliance_serverslackware_linuxmandrake_linuxn/a
CVE-2012-1970
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-0.87% / 74.31%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-29 Aug, 2012 | 10:00
Updated-11 Apr, 2025 | 00:51
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 15.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.7, Thunderbird before 15.0, Thunderbird ESR 10.x before 10.0.7, and SeaMonkey before 2.12 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aSUSECanonical Ltd.Mozilla CorporationRed Hat, Inc.openSUSEDebian GNU/Linux
Product-enterprise_linux_desktoplinux_enterprise_serverlinux_enterprise_software_development_kitubuntu_linuxthunderbird_esrenterprise_linux_eusseamonkeyenterprise_linux_workstationthunderbirddebian_linuxlinux_enterprise_desktopfirefoxopensuseenterprise_linux_server_eusenterprise_linux_servern/a
CWE ID-CWE-119
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
CVE-2012-2750
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-1.37% / 79.46%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-17 Aug, 2012 | 00:00
Updated-11 Apr, 2025 | 00:51
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Unspecified vulnerability in MySQL 5.5.x before 5.5.23 has unknown impact and attack vectors related to a "Security Fix", aka Bug #59533. NOTE: this might be a duplicate of CVE-2012-1689, but as of 20120816, Oracle has not commented on this possibility.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aOracle CorporationMariaDB FoundationDebian GNU/Linux
Product-debian_linuxmariadbmysqln/a
CVE-2005-2700
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-6.22% / 90.50%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-06 Sep, 2005 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

ssl_engine_kernel.c in mod_ssl before 2.8.24, when using "SSLVerifyClient optional" in the global virtual host configuration, does not properly enforce "SSLVerifyClient require" in a per-location context, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aDebian GNU/LinuxThe Apache Software FoundationCanonical Ltd.
Product-debian_linuxubuntu_linuxhttp_servern/a
CVE-2012-1972
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-3.31% / 86.71%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-29 Aug, 2012 | 10:00
Updated-11 Apr, 2025 | 00:51
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Use-after-free vulnerability in the nsHTMLEditor::CollapseAdjacentTextNodes function in Mozilla Firefox before 15.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.7, Thunderbird before 15.0, Thunderbird ESR 10.x before 10.0.7, and SeaMonkey before 2.12 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (heap memory corruption) via unspecified vectors.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aSUSECanonical Ltd.Mozilla CorporationRed Hat, Inc.openSUSEDebian GNU/Linux
Product-enterprise_linux_desktoplinux_enterprise_serverlinux_enterprise_software_development_kitubuntu_linuxthunderbird_esrenterprise_linux_eusseamonkeyenterprise_linux_workstationthunderbirddebian_linuxlinux_enterprise_desktopfirefoxopensuseenterprise_linux_server_eusenterprise_linux_servern/a
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2004-1095
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-21.00% / 95.43%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-01 Dec, 2004 | 05:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Multiple integer overflows in (1) readbmp.c, (2) readgif.c, (3) readgif.c, (4) readmrf.c, (5) readpcx.c, (6) readpng.c,(7) readpnm.c, (8) readprf.c, (9) readtiff.c, (10) readxbm.c, (11) readxpm.c in zgv 5.8 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via certain image headers that cause calculations to be overflowed and small buffers to be allocated, leading to buffer overflows. NOTE: CVE-2004-0994 and CVE-2004-1095 identify sets of bugs that only partially overlap, despite having the same developer. Therefore, they should be regarded as distinct.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-zgvn/aDebian GNU/Linux
Product-zgv_image_viewerxzgv_image_viewerdebian_linuxn/a
CVE-2012-0444
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-2.23% / 83.84%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-01 Feb, 2012 | 16:00
Updated-11 Apr, 2025 | 00:51
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Mozilla Firefox before 3.6.26 and 4.x through 9.0, Thunderbird before 3.1.18 and 5.0 through 9.0, and SeaMonkey before 2.7 do not properly initialize nsChildView data structures, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted Ogg Vorbis file.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aMozilla CorporationSUSEDebian GNU/LinuxCanonical Ltd.openSUSE
Product-ubuntu_linuxdebian_linuxopensuselinux_enterprise_software_development_kitfirefoxlinux_enterprise_serverthunderbirdlinux_enterprise_desktopseamonkeyn/a
CWE ID-CWE-119
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
CVE-2021-31891
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Siemens
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Siemens
CVSS Score-10||CRITICAL
EPSS-4.58% / 88.78%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-14 Sep, 2021 | 10:47
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 23:10
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A vulnerability has been identified in Desigo CC (All versions with OIS Extension Module), GMA-Manager (All versions with OIS running on Debian 9 or earlier), Operation Scheduler (All versions with OIS running on Debian 9 or earlier), Siveillance Control (All versions with OIS running on Debian 9 or earlier), Siveillance Control Pro (All versions). The affected application incorrectly neutralizes special elements in a specific HTTP GET request which could lead to command injection. An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on the system with root privileges.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Debian GNU/LinuxSiemens AG
Product-operation_schedulerdebian_linuxdesigo_ccsiveillance_control_prosiveillance_controlgma-managerSiveillance Control ProOperation SchedulerGMA-ManagerSiveillance ControlDesigo CC
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2012-0507
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-93.73% / 99.84%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-07 Jun, 2012 | 22:00
Updated-30 Jul, 2025 | 01:46
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Known KEV||Action Due Date - 2022-03-24||Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Unspecified vulnerability in the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) component in Oracle Java SE 7 Update 2 and earlier, 6 Update 30 and earlier, and 5.0 Update 33 and earlier allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to Concurrency. NOTE: the previous information was obtained from the February 2012 Oracle CPU. Oracle has not commented on claims from a downstream vendor and third party researchers that this issue occurs because the AtomicReferenceArray class implementation does not ensure that the array is of the Object[] type, which allows attackers to cause a denial of service (JVM crash) or bypass Java sandbox restrictions. NOTE: this issue was originally mapped to CVE-2011-3571, but that identifier was already assigned to a different issue.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aSun Microsystems (Oracle Corporation)SUSEOracle CorporationDebian GNU/Linux
Product-linux_enterprise_serverlinux_enterprise_software_development_kitlinux_enterprise_javajredebian_linuxlinux_enterprise_desktopn/aJava SE
CWE ID-CWE-843
Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion')
CVE-2004-0980
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-1.58% / 80.83%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-19 Nov, 2004 | 05:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Format string vulnerability in ez-ipupdate.c for ez-ipupdate 3.0.10 through 3.0.11b8, when running in daemon mode with certain service types in use, allows remote servers to execute arbitrary code.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-angus_mackayn/aDebian GNU/LinuxGentoo Foundation, Inc.
Product-linuxdebian_linuxez-ipupdaten/a
CVE-2004-0889
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-3.39% / 86.90%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-26 Oct, 2004 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Multiple integer overflows in xpdf 3.0, and other packages that use xpdf code such as CUPS, allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code, a different set of vulnerabilities than those identified by CVE-2004-0888.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-pdftohtmleasy_software_productsxpdftetexn/aThe GNOME ProjectUbuntuKDESUSEGentoo Foundation, Inc.Debian GNU/LinuxRed Hat, Inc.
Product-tetexxpdfubuntu_linuxkdedebian_linuxlinuxlinux_advanced_workstationcupskofficegpdfenterprise_linux_desktopsuse_linuxkpdfpdftohtmlfedora_coreenterprise_linuxn/a
CVE-2004-0888
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-4.44% / 88.61%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-26 Oct, 2004 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Multiple integer overflows in xpdf 2.0 and 3.0, and other packages that use xpdf code such as CUPS, gpdf, and kdegraphics, allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code, a different set of vulnerabilities than those identified by CVE-2004-0889.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-pdftohtmleasy_software_productsxpdftetexn/aThe GNOME ProjectUbuntuKDESUSEGentoo Foundation, Inc.Debian GNU/LinuxRed Hat, Inc.
Product-tetexxpdfubuntu_linuxkdedebian_linuxlinuxlinux_advanced_workstationcupskofficegpdfenterprise_linux_desktopsuse_linuxkpdfpdftohtmlfedora_coreenterprise_linuxn/a
CVE-2004-0434
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-22.37% / 95.60%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-12 May, 2004 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

k5admind (kadmind) for Heimdal allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a Kerberos 4 compatibility administration request whose framing length is less than 2, which leads to a heap-based buffer overflow.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-heimdal_projectn/aDebian GNU/Linux
Product-heimdaldebian_linuxn/a
CWE ID-CWE-131
Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
CVE-2004-0451
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-3.66% / 87.40%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-30 Jun, 2004 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Multiple format string vulnerabilities in the (1) logquit, (2) logerr, or (3) loginfo functions in Software Upgrade Protocol (SUP) allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via format string specifiers in messages that are logged by syslog.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-supn/aDebian GNU/Linux
Product-supdebian_linuxn/a
CVE-2004-0981
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-7.22% / 91.24%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-19 Nov, 2004 | 05:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Buffer overflow in the EXIF parsing routine in ImageMagick before 6.1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a certain image file.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aImageMagick Studio LLCSUSEGentoo Foundation, Inc.Debian GNU/Linux
Product-imagemagicklinuxsuse_linuxdebian_linuxn/a
CVE-2004-0836
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-2.73% / 85.37%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-16 Oct, 2004 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Buffer overflow in the mysql_real_connect function in MySQL 4.x before 4.0.21, and 3.x before 3.23.49, allows remote DNS servers to cause a denial of service and possibly execute arbitrary code via a DNS response with a large address length (h_length).

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aDebian GNU/LinuxOracle Corporation
Product-mysqldebian_linuxn/a
CWE ID-CWE-119
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
CVE-2011-2523
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-94.23% / 99.92%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-27 Nov, 2019 | 20:36
Updated-06 Aug, 2024 | 23:00
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

vsftpd 2.3.4 downloaded between 20110630 and 20110703 contains a backdoor which opens a shell on port 6200/tcp.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-vsftpd_projectvsftpdDebian GNU/Linux
Product-debian_linuxvsftpdvsftpd
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2011-0474
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-2.88% / 85.75%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-14 Jan, 2011 | 16:00
Updated-11 Apr, 2025 | 00:51
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Google Chrome before 8.0.552.237 and Chrome OS before 8.0.552.344 do not properly handle Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) token sequences in conjunction with cursors, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown vectors that lead to a "stale pointer."

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aDebian GNU/LinuxGoogle LLC
Product-chrome_osdebian_linuxchromen/a
CVE-2003-0098
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-6.83% / 90.95%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-26 Feb, 2003 | 05:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Unknown vulnerability in apcupsd before 3.8.6, and 3.10.x before 3.10.5, allows remote attackers to gain root privileges, possibly via format strings in a request to a slave server.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-apcupsdn/aDebian GNU/Linux
Product-apcupsddebian_linuxn/a
CVE-2002-1235
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-32.92% / 96.73%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-25 Oct, 2002 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

The kadm_ser_in function in (1) the Kerberos v4compatibility administration daemon (kadmind4) in the MIT Kerberos 5 (krb5) krb5-1.2.6 and earlier, (2) kadmind in KTH Kerberos 4 (eBones) before 1.2.1, and (3) kadmind in KTH Kerberos 5 (Heimdal) before 0.5.1 when compiled with Kerberos 4 support, does not properly verify the length field of a request, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a buffer overflow attack.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-kthn/aDebian GNU/LinuxMIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Product-kth_kerberos_5debian_linuxkerberos_5kth_kerberos_4n/a
CVE-2010-2901
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-1.55% / 80.67%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-28 Jul, 2010 | 19:32
Updated-11 Apr, 2025 | 00:51
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

The rendering implementation in Google Chrome before 5.0.375.125 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via unknown vectors.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aDebian GNU/LinuxGoogle LLC
Product-debian_linuxchromen/a
CWE ID-CWE-119
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
CVE-2001-0554
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-16.67% / 94.66%
||
7 Day CHG-10.76%
Published-09 Mar, 2002 | 05:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Buffer overflow in BSD-based telnetd telnet daemon on various operating systems allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a set of options including AYT (Are You There), which is not properly handled by the telrcv function.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-netkitn/aNetBSDMIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)IBM CorporationSilicon Graphics, Inc.Debian GNU/LinuxOpenBSDFreeBSD FoundationSun Microsystems (Oracle Corporation)
Product-netbsdopenbsdaixsolarisirixsunosdebian_linuxfreebsdkerberoslinux_netkitkerberos_5n/a
CWE ID-CWE-120
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
CVE-2000-1221
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-12.18% / 93.57%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-21 Apr, 2005 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

The line printer daemon (lpd) in the lpr package in multiple Linux operating systems authenticates by comparing the reverse-resolved hostname of the local machine to the hostname of the print server as returned by gethostname, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access controls by modifying the DNS for the attacking IP.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aDebian GNU/LinuxRed Hat, Inc.Silicon Graphics, Inc.
Product-linuxdebian_linuxirixn/a
CVE-2001-0233
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-14.82% / 94.25%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-07 May, 2001 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Buffer overflow in micq client 0.4.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service, and possibly execute arbitrary commands, via a long Description field.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-matthew_smithn/aDebian GNU/LinuxRed Hat, Inc.
Product-linuxmicqdebian_linuxn/a
CVE-2000-0844
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-0.89% / 74.61%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Jan, 2001 | 05:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Some functions that implement the locale subsystem on Unix do not properly cleanse user-injected format strings, which allows local attackers to execute arbitrary commands via functions such as gettext and catopen.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-conectivatrustiximmunixturbolinuxn/aMandriva (Mandrakesoft)SlackwareDebian GNU/LinuxRed Hat, Inc.SUSEIBM CorporationSilicon Graphics, Inc.Sun Microsystems (Oracle Corporation)The MITRE Corporation (Caldera)
Product-openlinux_eserversecure_linuxaixsolaristurbolinuxirixopenlinux_ebuilderimmunixdebian_linuxsunossuse_linuxlinuxslackware_linuxopenlinuxmandrake_linuxn/a
CVE-2010-0159
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-2.15% / 83.54%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-21 Feb, 2010 | 17:00
Updated-11 Apr, 2025 | 00:51
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

The browser engine in Mozilla Firefox 3.0.x before 3.0.18 and 3.5.x before 3.5.8, Thunderbird before 3.0.2, and SeaMonkey before 2.0.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via vectors related to the nsBlockFrame::StealFrame function in layout/generic/nsBlockFrame.cpp, and unspecified other vectors.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aMozilla CorporationDebian GNU/LinuxCanonical Ltd.
Product-ubuntu_linuxdebian_linuxfirefoxthunderbirdseamonkeyn/a
CVE-2000-0584
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-5.33% / 89.66%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-13 Oct, 2000 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Buffer overflow in Canna input system allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via an SR_INIT command with a long user name or group name.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aDebian GNU/LinuxFreeBSD Foundation
Product-debian_linuxfreebsdn/a
CVE-2000-0666
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-34.57% / 96.86%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-13 Oct, 2000 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

rpc.statd in the nfs-utils package in various Linux distributions does not properly cleanse untrusted format strings, which allows remote attackers to gain root privileges.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-conectivatrustixn/aDebian GNU/LinuxRed Hat, Inc.SUSE
Product-linuxsecure_linuxdebian_linuxsuse_linuxn/a
CVE-1999-0368
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-48.33% / 97.66%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-29 Sep, 1999 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Buffer overflows in wuarchive ftpd (wu-ftpd) and ProFTPD lead to remote root access, a.k.a. palmetto.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-proftpd_projectscowashington_universityn/aSlackwareThe MITRE Corporation (Caldera)Red Hat, Inc.Debian GNU/Linux
Product-proftpdopenserverunixwaredebian_linuxlinuxslackware_linuxopenlinuxwu-ftpdn/a
CVE-1999-0048
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-1.28% / 78.77%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-29 Sep, 1999 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Talkd, when given corrupt DNS information, can be used to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aDebian GNU/LinuxIBM CorporationNEC Corporation
Product-ews-ux_vnetkitaixup-ux_vasl_ux_4800n/a
CVE-1999-0046
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-3.53% / 87.19%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-29 Sep, 1999 | 04:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Buffer overflow of rlogin program using TERM environmental variable.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-bsdinextdigitaln/aNetBSDIBM CorporationDebian GNU/LinuxOracle CorporationFreeBSD FoundationSun Microsystems (Oracle Corporation)HP Inc.
Product-bsd_osnetbsdhp-uxaixsolarisultrixsunosdebian_linuxfreebsdnextstepn/a
CWE ID-CWE-120
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
CVE-2016-2806
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Mozilla Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Mozilla Corporation
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.31% / 79.02%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-30 Apr, 2016 | 17:00
Updated-12 Apr, 2025 | 10:46
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 46.0 and Firefox ESR 45.x before 45.1 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via unknown vectors.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aMozilla CorporationopenSUSESUSEDebian GNU/Linux
Product-leapopensusefirefoxdebian_linuxlinux_enterprisen/a
CWE ID-CWE-119
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
CVE-2009-4538
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-10||HIGH
EPSS-3.18% / 86.45%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-12 Jan, 2010 | 17:00
Updated-07 Aug, 2024 | 07:08
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

drivers/net/e1000e/netdev.c in the e1000e driver in the Linux kernel 2.6.32.3 and earlier does not properly check the size of an Ethernet frame that exceeds the MTU, which allows remote attackers to have an unspecified impact via crafted packets, a related issue to CVE-2009-4537.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aLinux Kernel Organization, IncDebian GNU/Linux
Product-debian_linuxlinux_kerneln/a
CVE-2017-12377
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Cisco Systems, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Cisco Systems, Inc.
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-27.08% / 96.19%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-26 Jan, 2018 | 20:00
Updated-02 Dec, 2024 | 21:26
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

ClamAV AntiVirus software versions 0.99.2 and prior contain a vulnerability that could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or potentially execute arbitrary code on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to improper input validation checking mechanisms in mew packet files sent to an affected device. A successful exploit could cause a heap-based buffer over-read condition in mew.c when ClamAV scans the malicious file, allowing the attacker to cause a DoS condition or potentially execute arbitrary code on the affected device.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aDebian GNU/LinuxClamAV
Product-debian_linuxclamavClamAV AntiVirus software versions 0.99.2 and prior
CWE ID-CWE-125
Out-of-bounds Read
CVE-2017-12379
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Cisco Systems, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Cisco Systems, Inc.
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-22.23% / 95.58%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-26 Jan, 2018 | 20:00
Updated-02 Dec, 2024 | 21:25
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

ClamAV AntiVirus software versions 0.99.2 and prior contain a vulnerability that could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or potentially execute arbitrary code on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to improper input validation checking mechanisms in the message parsing function on an affected system. An unauthenticated, remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted email to the affected device. This action could cause a messageAddArgument (in message.c) buffer overflow condition when ClamAV scans the malicious email, allowing the attacker to potentially cause a DoS condition or execute arbitrary code on an affected device.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aDebian GNU/LinuxClamAV
Product-debian_linuxclamavClamAV AntiVirus software versions 0.99.2 and prior
CWE ID-CWE-119
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
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