Zsh before version 5.4.2-test-1 is vulnerable to a buffer overflow in the shell autocomplete functionality. A local unprivileged user can create a specially crafted directory path which leads to code execution in the context of the user who tries to use autocomplete to traverse the before mentioned path. If the user affected is privileged, this leads to privilege escalation.

A flaw was found in Linux kernel's KVM virtualization subsystem. The VMX code does not restore the GDT.LIMIT to the previous host value, but instead sets it to 64KB. With a corrupted GDT limit a host's userspace code has an ability to place malicious entries in the GDT, particularly to the per-cpu variables. An attacker can use this to escalate their privileges.

Buffer overflow in the SCSI implementation in QEMU, as used in Xen, when a SCSI controller has more than 256 attached devices, allows local users to gain privileges via a small transfer buffer in a REPORT LUNS command.

There is a possible tty hijacking in shadow 4.x before 4.1.5 and sudo 1.x before 1.7.4 via "su - user -c program". The user session can be escaped to the parent session by using the TIOCSTI ioctl to push characters into the input buffer to be read by the next process.

The virtqueue_map_sg function in hw/virtio/virtio.c in QEMU before 1.7.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary files via a crafted savevm image, related to virtio-block or virtio-serial read.

(1) oo-analytics-export and (2) oo-analytics-import in the openshift-origin-broker-util package in Red Hat OpenShift Enterprise 1 and 2 allow local users to have unspecified impact via a symlink attack on an unspecified file in /tmp.

The do_get_mempolicy function in mm/mempolicy.c in the Linux kernel before 4.12.9 allows local users to cause a denial of service (use-after-free) or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted system calls.

Linux kernel is vulnerable to a heap-based buffer overflow in the fs/ext4/xattr.c:ext4_xattr_set_entry() function. An attacker could exploit this by operating on a mounted crafted ext4 image.

zsh through version 5.4.2 is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow in the utils.c:checkmailpath function. A local attacker could exploit this to execute arbitrary code in the context of another user.

The ftrace implementation in the Linux kernel before 3.8.8 allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and system crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact by leveraging the CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability for write access to the (1) set_ftrace_pid or (2) set_graph_function file, and then making an lseek system call.

CloudForms Management Engine (cfme) is vulnerable to an improper security setting in the dRuby component of CloudForms. An attacker with access to an unprivileged local shell could use this flaw to execute commands as a high privileged user.

A flaw was found in xorg-x11-server before 1.20.3. An incorrect permission check for -modulepath and -logfile options when starting Xorg. X server allows unprivileged users with the ability to log in to the system via physical console to escalate their privileges and run arbitrary code under root privileges.

Unquoted Windows search path vulnerability in the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Application Provisioning Tool (RHEV-APT) in the rhev-guest-tools-iso package 3.2 allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse application.

A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. Variable names present are expanded in the supplied command line into their corresponding variable contents, using a 1kB stack buffer for temporary storage, without sufficient bounds checking. If the function is called with a command line that references a variable with a sufficiently large payload, it is possible to overflow the stack buffer, corrupt the stack frame and control execution which could also circumvent Secure Boot protections. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.

In glibc 2.26 and earlier there is confusion in the usage of getcwd() by realpath() which can be used to write before the destination buffer leading to a buffer underflow and potential code execution.

Unquoted Windows search path vulnerability in the QEMU Guest Agent service for Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop 6, HPC Node 6, Server 6, Workstation 6, Desktop Supplementary 6, Server Supplementary 6, Supplementary AUS 6.4, Supplementary EUS 6.4.z, and Workstation Supplementary 6, when installing on Windows, allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted program in an unspecified folder.

Unquoted Windows search path vulnerability in the SPICE service, as used in Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization (RHEV) 3.2, allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application in an unspecified folder.

Red Hat livecd-tools before 13.4.4, 17.x before 17.17, 18.x before 18.16, and 19.x before 19.3, when a rootpw directive is not set in a Kickstart file, sets the root user password to empty, which allows local users to gain privileges.

Unquoted Windows search path vulnerability in Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization (RHEV) 3 and 3.2 allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application in an unspecified folder.

AIDE before 0.17.4 allows local users to obtain root privileges via crafted file metadata (such as XFS extended attributes or tmpfs ACLs), because of a heap-based buffer overflow.

A flaw was found in the Linux 4.x kernel's implementation of 32-bit syscall interface for bridging. This allowed a privileged user to arbitrarily write to a limited range of kernel memory.

initscripts in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 does not properly handle certain environment variables when /sbin/service is executed, which allows local users with sudo permissions for /sbin/service to gain root privileges via unknown vectors.

The bluez_sock_create function in the Bluetooth stack for Linux kernel 2.4.6 through 2.4.30-rc1 and 2.6 through 2.6.11.5 allows local users to gain privileges via (1) socket or (2) socketpair call with a negative protocol value.

A flaw was found in the Linux kernel’s implementation of MIDI, where an attacker with a local account and the permissions to issue ioctl commands to midi devices could trigger a use-after-free issue. A write to this specific memory while freed and before use causes the flow of execution to change and possibly allow for memory corruption or privilege escalation. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to confidentiality, integrity, as well as system availability.

A flaw was found in the way RTAS handled memory accesses in userspace to kernel communication. On a locked down (usually due to Secure Boot) guest system running on top of PowerVM or KVM hypervisors (pseries platform) a root like local user could use this flaw to further increase their privileges to that of a running kernel.

Unknown vulnerability in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 kernel 4GB/4GB split patch, when using the hugemem kernel, allows local users to read and write to arbitrary kernel memory and gain privileges via certain syscalls.

Qemu, as used in Xen 4.0, 4.1 and possibly other products, when emulating certain devices with a virtual console backend, allows local OS guest users to gain privileges via a crafted escape VT100 sequence that triggers the overwrite of a "device model's address space."

In the Linux kernel before version 4.12, Kerberos 5 tickets decoded when using the RXRPC keys incorrectly assumes the size of a field. This could lead to the size-remaining variable wrapping and the data pointer going over the end of the buffer. This could possibly lead to memory corruption and possible privilege escalation.

A use-after-free flaw was found in cgroup1_parse_param in kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c in the Linux kernel's cgroup v1 parser. A local attacker with a user privilege could cause a privilege escalation by exploiting the fsconfig syscall parameter leading to a container breakout and a denial of service on the system.

A local privilege escalation vulnerability was found on polkit's pkexec utility. The pkexec application is a setuid tool designed to allow unprivileged users to run commands as privileged users according predefined policies. The current version of pkexec doesn't handle the calling parameters count correctly and ends trying to execute environment variables as commands. An attacker can leverage this by crafting environment variables in such a way it'll induce pkexec to execute arbitrary code. When successfully executed the attack can cause a local privilege escalation given unprivileged users administrative rights on the target machine.

init_dev in tty_io.c in the Red Hat backport of NPTL to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 does not properly clear controlling tty's in multi-threaded applications, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly gain tty access via unknown attack vectors that trigger an access of a pointer to a freed structure.

A flaw was found in the KVM's AMD code for supporting the Secure Encrypted Virtualization-Encrypted State (SEV-ES). A KVM guest using SEV-ES can trigger out-of-bounds reads and writes in the host kernel via a malicious VMGEXIT for a string I/O instruction (for example, outs or ins) using the exit reason SVM_EXIT_IOIO. This issue results in a crash of the entire system or a potential guest-to-host escape scenario.

A flaw was found in openstack-tripleo-common as shipped with Red Hat Openstack Enterprise 10 and 11. The sudoers file as installed with OSP's openstack-tripleo-common package is much too permissive. It contains several lines for the mistral user that have wildcards that allow directory traversal with '..' and it grants full passwordless root access to the validations user.

In drivers/char/virtio_console.c in the Linux kernel before 5.13.4, data corruption or loss can be triggered by an untrusted device that supplies a buf->len value exceeding the buffer size. NOTE: the vendor indicates that the cited data corruption is not a vulnerability in any existing use case; the length validation was added solely for robustness in the face of anomalous host OS behavior

A flaw was found in the KVM's AMD code for supporting SVM nested virtualization. The flaw occurs when processing the VMCB (virtual machine control block) provided by the L1 guest to spawn/handle a nested guest (L2). Due to improper validation of the "virt_ext" field, this issue could allow a malicious L1 to disable both VMLOAD/VMSAVE intercepts and VLS (Virtual VMLOAD/VMSAVE) for the L2 guest. As a result, the L2 guest would be allowed to read/write physical pages of the host, resulting in a crash of the entire system, leak of sensitive data or potential guest-to-host escape.

The binfmt_elf loader (binfmt_elf.c) in Linux kernel 2.4.x up to 2.4.27, and 2.6.x up to 2.6.8, may create an interpreter name string that is not NULL terminated, which could cause strings longer than PATH_MAX to be used, leading to buffer overflows that allow local users to cause a denial of service (hang) and possibly execute arbitrary code.

The binfmt_elf loader (binfmt_elf.c) in Linux kernel 2.4.x up to 2.4.27, and 2.6.x up to 2.6.8, does not properly handle a failed call to the mmap function, which causes an incorrect mapped image and may allow local users to execute arbitrary code.

The load_elf_binary function in the binfmt_elf loader (binfmt_elf.c) in Linux kernel 2.4.x up to 2.4.27, and 2.6.x up to 2.6.8, does not properly check return values from calls to the kernel_read function, which may allow local users to modify sensitive memory in a setuid program and execute arbitrary code.

A flaw null pointer dereference in the Nitro Enclaves kernel driver was found in the way that Enclaves VMs forces closures on the enclave file descriptor. A local user of a host machine could use this flaw to crash the system or escalate their privileges on the system.

It was found that polkit could be tricked into bypassing the credential checks for D-Bus requests, elevating the privileges of the requestor to the root user. This flaw could be used by an unprivileged local attacker to, for example, create a new local administrator. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.

An out-of-bounds memory write flaw was found in the Linux kernel's joystick devices subsystem in versions before 5.9-rc1, in the way the user calls ioctl JSIOCSBTNMAP. This flaw allows a local user to crash the system or possibly escalate their privileges on the system. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to confidentiality, integrity, as well as system availability.

Multiple drivers in Linux kernel 2.4.19 and earlier do not properly mark memory with the VM_IO flag, which causes incorrect reference counts and may lead to a denial of service (kernel panic) when accessing freed kernel pages.

expect before 5.32 searches for its libraries in /var/tmp before other directories, which could allow local users to gain root privileges via a Trojan horse library that is accessed by mkpasswd.

A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. During USB device initialization, descriptors are read with very little bounds checking and assumes the USB device is providing sane values. If properly exploited, an attacker could trigger memory corruption leading to arbitrary code execution allowing a bypass of the Secure Boot mechanism. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.

Multiple unknown vulnerabilities in Linux kernel 2.4 and 2.6 allow local users to gain privileges or access kernel memory, as found by the Sparse source code checking tool.

A flaw was found in xorg-x11-server in versions before 1.20.11. An integer underflow can occur in xserver which can lead to a local privilege escalation. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.