Moodle before 1.6.2, when the configuration lacks (1) algebra or (2) tex filters, allows remote authenticated users to write LaTeX or MimeTeX output files to the top level of the dataroot directory via (a) filter/algebra/pix.php or (b) filter/tex/pix.php.

class.phpmailer.php in the PHPMailer library, as used in Moodle 1.9.x before 1.9.16, 2.0.x before 2.0.7, 2.1.x before 2.1.4, and 2.2.x before 2.2.1 and other products, allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary e-mail headers via vectors involving a crafted (1) From: or (2) Sender: header.

The vulnerability was found in Moodle, occurs due to improper input validation when parsing PostScript code. An omitted execution parameter results in a remote code execution risk for sites running GhostScript versions older than 9.50. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may result in complete compromise of vulnerable system.

CRLF injection vulnerability in calendar/set.php in the Calendar component in Moodle 1.9.x before 1.9.15, 2.0.x before 2.0.6, 2.1.x before 2.1.3, and 2.2 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and conduct HTTP response splitting attacks via vectors involving the url variable.

moodle before versions 3.5.2, 3.4.5, 3.3.8, 3.1.14 is vulnerable to an XML import of ddwtos could lead to intentional remote code execution. When importing legacy 'drag and drop into text' (ddwtos) type quiz questions, it was possible to inject and execute PHP code from within the imported questions, either intentionally or by importing questions from an untrusted source.

It was found in Moodle before version 3.10.1, 3.9.4, 3.8.7 and 3.5.16 that it was possible for site administrators to execute arbitrary PHP scripts via a PHP include used during Shibboleth authentication.

A flaw was found in Moodle. Additional restrictions are required to avoid a remote code execution risk in calculated question types. Note: This requires the capability to add/update questions.

An issue was discovered in Moodle 3.x. A Teacher creating a Calculated question can intentionally cause remote code execution on the server, aka eval injection.

In a shared hosting environment that has been misconfigured to allow access to other users' content, a Moodle user who also has direct access to the web server outside of the Moodle webroot could utilise a local file include to achieve remote code execution.

A remote code execution risk was identified in the IMSCP activity. By default this was only available to teachers and managers.

Moodle through 2.3.11, 2.4.x before 2.4.11, 2.5.x before 2.5.7, 2.6.x before 2.6.4, and 2.7.x before 2.7.1 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via a calculated question in a quiz.

A flaw was identified in Moodle’s backup restore functionality where specially crafted backup files were not properly validated during processing. If a malicious backup file is restored, it could lead to unintended execution of server-side code. Since restore capabilities are typically available to privileged users, exploitation requires authenticated access. Successful exploitation could result in full compromise of the Moodle server.

The Mustache pix helper contained a potential Mustache injection risk if combined with user input (note: This did not appear to be implemented/exploitable anywhere in the core Moodle LMS).

A vulnerability was found in Moodle where javaScript injection was possible in some Mustache templates via recursive rendering from contexts. Mustache helper tags that were included in template contexts were not being escaped before that context was injected into another Mustache helper, which could result in script injection in some templates. This affects versions 3.7 to 3.7.1, 3.6 to 3.6.5, 3.5 to 3.5.7 and earlier unsupported versions.

The Chat activity in Moodle 4.3.3 allows students to insert a potentially unwanted HTML A element or IMG element, or HTML content that leads to a performance degradation. NOTE: the vendor's Using_Chat page says "If you know some HTML code, you can use it in your text to do things like insert images, play sounds or create different coloured and sized text." This page also says "Chat is due to be removed from standard Moodle."

A flaw was found in Moodle. An attacker with access to the restore interface could trigger server-side execution of arbitrary code. This is due to insufficient validation of restore input, which leads to unintended interpretation by core restore routines. Successful exploitation could result in a full compromise of the Moodle application.

In Moodle, a remote code execution risk was identified in the Shibboleth authentication plugin.

The Repositories component in Moodle through 2.3.11, 2.4.x before 2.4.11, 2.5.x before 2.5.7, 2.6.x before 2.6.4, and 2.7.x before 2.7.1 allows remote attackers to conduct PHP object injection attacks and execute arbitrary code via serialized data associated with an add-on.

badges/external.php in Moodle 2.5.x before 2.5.2 does not properly handle an object obtained by unserializing a description of an external badge, which allows remote attackers to conduct PHP object injection attacks via unspecified vectors, as demonstrated by overwriting the value of the userid parameter.

A remote code execution risk was identified in the Lesson activity. By default this was only available to teachers and managers.

A weakness has been identified in carboneio carbone up to fbcd349077ad0e8748be73eab2a82ea92b6f8a7e. This impacts an unknown function of the file lib/input.js of the component Formatter Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes. The attack can be launched remotely. This attack is characterized by high complexity. The exploitability is said to be difficult. Upgrading to version 3.5.6 will fix this issue. This patch is called 04f9feb24bfca23567706392f9ad2c53bbe4134e. You should upgrade the affected component. A successful exploitation can "only occur if the parent NodeJS application has the same security issue".

PostgreSQL before 9.1.23, 9.2.x before 9.2.18, 9.3.x before 9.3.14, 9.4.x before 9.4.9, and 9.5.x before 9.5.4 might allow remote authenticated users with the CREATEDB or CREATEROLE role to gain superuser privileges via a (1) " (double quote), (2) \ (backslash), (3) carriage return, or (4) newline character in a (a) database or (b) role name that is mishandled during an administrative operation.

Static code injection vulnerability in the translation module (translator.php) in SiteBar 3.3.8 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code via the value parameter.

A vulnerability was identified in higuma web-audio-recorder-js 0.1/0.1.1. Impacted is the function extend in the library lib/WebAudioRecorder.js of the component Dynamic Config Handling. Such manipulation leads to improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. The exploitability is considered difficult. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Chamilo LMS v1.11.14 was discovered to contain a zero click code injection vulnerability which allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted plugin. This vulnerability is triggered through user interaction with the attacker's profile page.

phpMyAdmin 3.5.x before 3.5.8 and 4.x before 4.0.0-rc3, when a SaveDir directory is configured, allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code by using a double extension in the filename of an export file, leading to interpretation of this file as an executable file by the Apache HTTP Server, as demonstrated by a .php.sql filename.

settings/personal.php in ownCloud 4.5.x before 4.5.6 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code via crafted mount point settings.

A vulnerability was found in Apereo CAS 5.2.6 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function saveService of the file cas-5.2.6\webapp-mgmt\cas-management-webapp-support\src\main\java\org\apereo\cas\mgmt\services\web\RegisteredServiceSimpleFormController.java of the component Groovy Code Handler. The manipulation leads to code injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.