An unauthenticated remote attacker can write memory out of bounds due to improper input validation in the MQTT stack. The brute force attack is not always successful because of memory randomization.

In PHP versions 7.3.x below 7.3.16 and 7.4.x below 7.4.4, while using mb_strtolower() function with UTF-32LE encoding, certain invalid strings could cause PHP to overwrite stack-allocated buffer. This could lead to memory corruption, crashes and potentially code execution.

Out-of-bounds Read, Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Recording Service) allows Overflow Buffers, Overread Buffers.This issue affects Connext Professional: from 7.4.0 before 7.5.0, from 7.0.0 before 7.3.0.7, from 6.1.0 before 6.1.2.23, from 6.0.0 before 6.0.1.42.

A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.3, Security Update 2021-002 Catalina, Security Update 2021-003 Mojave. An application may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory.