Indy Node is the server portion of a distributed ledger purpose-built for decentralized identity. In versions 1.12.4 and prior, the `pool-upgrade` request handler in Indy-Node allows an improperly authenticated attacker to remotely execute code on nodes within the network. The `pool-upgrade` request handler in Indy-Node 1.12.5 has been updated to properly authenticate pool-upgrade transactions before any processing is performed by the request handler. The transactions are further sanitized to prevent remote code execution. As a workaround, endorsers should not create DIDs for untrusted users. A vulnerable ledger should configure `auth_rules` to prevent new DIDs from being written to the ledger until the network can be upgraded.

Unverified Password Change in GitHub repository phpfusion/phpfusion prior to 9.10.20.

Improper Authentication vulnerability in Snow Software AB Snow License Manager on Windows allows a networked attacker to perform an Authentication Bypass if Active Directory Authentication is enabled.This issue affects Snow License Manager: from 9.33.2 through 9.34.0.

Improper authentication vulnerability in multiple digital video recorders provided by TAKENAKA ENGINEERING CO., LTD. allows a remote authenticated attacker to execute an arbitrary OS command on the device or alter the device settings.

A flaw was found in StarWind Stack. The endpoint for setting a new password doesn’t check the current username and old password. An attacker could reset any local user password (including system/administrator user) using any available user This affects StarWind SAN and NAS v0.2 build 1633.

Search Guard Kibana Plugin versions before 5.6.8-7 and before 6.x.y-12 had an issue that an authenticated Kibana user could impersonate as kibanaserver user when providing wrong credentials when all of the following conditions a-c are true: a) Kibana is configured to use Single-Sign-On as authentication method, one of Kerberos, JWT, Proxy, Client certificate. b) The kibanaserver user is configured to use HTTP Basic as the authentication method. c) Search Guard is configured to use an SSO authentication domain and HTTP Basic at the same time

An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 7.8 before 16.9.6, all versions starting from 16.10 before 16.10.4, all versions starting from 16.11 before 16.11.1. Under certain conditions, an attacker with their Bitbucket account credentials may be able to take over a GitLab account linked to another user's Bitbucket account, if Bitbucket is used as an OAuth 2.0 provider on GitLab.

Improper authentication vulnerability in the CBC products allows a remote authenticated attacker to execute an arbitrary OS command on the device or alter its settings. As for the affected products/versions, see the detailed information provided by the vendor. Note that NR4H, NR8H, NR16H series and DR-16F, DR-8F, DR-4F, DR-16H, DR-8H, DR-4H, DR-4M41 series are no longer supported, therefore updates for those products are not provided.

capsule-proxy is a reverse proxy for Capsule Operator which provides multi-tenancy in Kubernetes. In versions prior to 0.2.1 an attacker with a proper authentication mechanism may use a malicious `Connection` header to start a privilege escalation attack towards the Kubernetes API Server. This vulnerability allows for an exploit of the `cluster-admin` Role bound to `capsule-proxy`. There are no known workarounds for this issue.

Crabbox prior to v0.12.0 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows non-admin shared-token callers to impersonate other owners or organizations by spoofing identity headers. Attackers can inject malicious X-Crabbox-Owner and X-Crabbox-Org headers in requests authenticated with a shared token to bypass authorization checks and access owner/org-scoped lease operations belonging to victim accounts.

Improper authentication in Microsoft Dataverse allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

Microsoft Dynamics 365 Business Central Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

The Account Switcher plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.2. This is due to the `rememberLogin` REST API endpoint using a loose comparison (`!=` instead of `!==`) for secret validation at `app/RestAPI.php:111`, combined with no validation that the secret is non-empty. When a target user has never used the "Remember me" feature, their `asSecret` user meta does not exist, causing `get_user_meta()` to return an empty string. An attacker can send an empty `secret` parameter, which passes the comparison (`'' != ''` is `false`), and the endpoint then calls `wp_set_auth_cookie()` for the target user. Additionally, all REST routes use `permission_callback => '__return_true'` with no capability checks. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to switch to any user account including Administrator, ultimately granting themselves full administrative privileges.

Under certain circumstances an authenticated user could lock other users out of the system or take over their accounts in Metasys ADS/ADX/OAS server 10 versions prior to 10.1.5 and Metasys ADS/ADX/OAS server 11 versions prior to 11.0.2.

In Arista's MOS (Metamako Operating System) software which is supported on the 7130 product line, under certain conditions, authentication is bypassed by unprivileged users who are accessing the Web UI. This issue affects: Arista Metamako Operating System MOS-0.34.0 and prior releases

Broken Authentication in Atlassian Connect Spring Boot (ACSB) in version 1.1.0 before 2.1.3 and from version 2.1.4 before 2.1.5: Atlassian Connect Spring Boot is a Java Spring Boot package for building Atlassian Connect apps. Authentication between Atlassian products and the Atlassian Connect Spring Boot app occurs with a server-to-server JWT or a context JWT. Atlassian Connect Spring Boot versions 1.1.0 before 2.1.3 and versions 2.1.4 before 2.1.5 erroneously accept context JWTs in lifecycle endpoints (such as installation) where only server-to-server JWTs should be accepted, permitting an attacker to send authenticated re-installation events to an app.

The All in One SEO WordPress plugin before 4.1.5.3 is affected by a Privilege Escalation issue, which was discovered during an internal audit by the Jetpack Scan team, and may grant bad actors access to protected REST API endpoints they shouldn’t have access to. This could ultimately enable users with low-privileged accounts, like subscribers, to perform remote code execution on affected sites.

Gogs is an open source self-hosted Git service. In version 0.13.3 and prior, Gogs’ 2FA recovery code validation does not scope codes by user, enabling cross-account bypass. If an attacker knows a victim’s username and password, they can use any unused recovery code (e.g., from their own account) to bypass the victim’s 2FA. This enables full account takeover and renders 2FA ineffective in all environments where it's enabled.. This issue has been patched in versions 0.13.4 and 0.14.0+dev.

Attackers can access the CGE account management function without privilege for permission elevation and execute arbitrary commands or files after obtaining user permissions.

The debugging routine SCREEN_CLICK(5053) enables a connection to skip the standard device login prompt entirely and directly enter an interactive shell interface.

authentik is an open-source identity provider. Prior to versions 2025.12.6, 2026.2.4, and 2026.5.1, an attacker with the ability to change a source connection, and an account in one of the configured sources can log into any account. This issue has been patched in versions 2025.12.6, 2026.2.4, and 2026.5.1.

Vulnerability in the Oracle Payroll product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Self Service Manager). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Payroll. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Payroll. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Grav is a content management system (CMS). Prior to version 1.7.43, users who may write a page may use the `frontmatter` feature due to insufficient permission validation and inadequate file name validation. This may lead to remote code execution. Version 1.7.43 fixes this issue.

An Authentication Bypass vulnerability in the SAML Authentication component of BlackBerry Workspaces Server (deployed with Appliance-X) version(s) 10.1, 9.1 and earlier could allow an attacker to potentially gain access to the application in the context of the targeted user’s account.

PolarLearn is a free and open-source learning program. In 0-PRERELEASE-15 and earlier, POST /api/v1/auth/sign-in creates a valid session for banned accounts before verifying the supplied password. That session is then accepted across authenticated /api routes, enabling account data access and authenticated actions as the banned user.

authentik is an open-source identity provider. Prior to 2025.8.6, 2025.10.4, and 2025.12.4, when using a SAML Source that has the option Verify Assertion Signature under Verification Certificate enabled and not Verify Response Signature, or does not have the Encryption Certificate setting under Advanced Protocol settings configured, it was possible for an attacker to inject a malicious assertion before the signed assertion that authentik would use instead. authentik 2025.8.6, 2025.10.4, and 2025.12.4 fix this issue.

OpenObserve is a observability platform built specifically for logs, metrics, traces, analytics, designed to work at petabyte scale. A vulnerability has been identified in the "/api/{org_id}/users" endpoint. This vulnerability allows any authenticated regular user ('member') to add new users with elevated privileges, including the 'root' role, to an organization. This issue circumvents the intended security controls for role assignments. The vulnerability resides in the user creation process, where the payload does not validate the user roles. A regular user can manipulate the payload to assign root-level privileges. This vulnerability leads to Unauthorized Privilege Escalation and significantly compromises the application's role-based access control system. It allows unauthorized control over application resources and poses a risk to data security. All users, particularly those in administrative roles, are impacted. This issue has been addressed in release version 0.8.0. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

Code-projects Simple School Managment System 1.0 allows Authentication Bypass via the username and password parameters at School/teacher_login.php.

Mattermost versions 8.1.x before 8.1.10, 9.2.x before 9.2.6, 9.3.x before 9.3.2, and 9.4.x before 9.4.3 fail to correctly verify account ownership when switching from email to SAML authentication, allowing an authenticated attacker to take over other user accounts via a crafted switch request under specific conditions.

Frigate is a network video recorder (NVR) with realtime local object detection for IP cameras. Versions prior to 0.17.0-beta1 allow any authenticated user to change their own password without verifying the current password through the /users/{username}/password endpoint. Changing a password does not invalidate existing JWT tokens, and there is no validation of password strength. If an attacker obtains a valid session token (e.g., via accidentally exposed JWT, stolen cookie, XSS, compromised device, or sniffing over HTTP), they can change the victim’s password and gain permanent control of the account. Since password changes do not invalidate existing JWT tokens, session hijacks persist even after a password reset. Additionally, the lack of password strength validation exposes accounts to brute-force attacks. This issue has been resolved in version 0.17.0-beta1.

Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to 9.5.2-alpha.9. and 8.6.22, the OAuth2 authentication adapter, when configured without the useridField option, only verifies that a token is active via the provider's token introspection endpoint, but does not verify that the token belongs to the user identified by authData.id. An attacker with any valid OAuth2 token from the same provider can authenticate as any other user. This affects any Parse Server deployment that uses the generic OAuth2 authentication adapter (configured with oauth2: true) without setting the useridField option. This vulnerability is fixed in 9.5.2-alpha.9. and 8.6.22.

Caddy is an extensible server platform that uses TLS by default. From version 2.10.0 to before version 2.11.2, forward_auth copy_headers does not strip client-supplied headers, allowing identity injection and privilege escalation. This issue has been patched in version 2.11.2.

Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to 9.5.2-alpha.5 and 8.6.18, the Keycloak authentication adapter does not validate the azp (authorized party) claim of Keycloak access tokens against the configured client-id. A valid access token issued by the same Keycloak realm for a different client application can be used to authenticate as any user on the Parse Server that uses the Keycloak adapter. This enables cross-application account takeover in multi-client Keycloak realms. All Parse Server deployments that use the Keycloak authentication adapter with a Keycloak realm that has multiple client applications are affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 9.5.2-alpha.5 and 8.6.18.

Statmatic is a Laravel and Git powered content management system (CMS). Starting in version 6.0.0 and prior to version 6.4.0, Authenticated Control Panel users may under certain conditions obtain elevated privileges without completing the intended verification step. This can allow access to sensitive operations and, depending on the user’s existing permissions, may lead to privilege escalation. This has been fixed in 6.4.0.

The Keyy Two Factor Authentication (like Clef) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to privilege escalation via account takeover in all versions up to, and including, 1.2.3. This is due to the plugin not properly validating a user's identity associated with a token generated. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to generate valid auth tokens and leverage that to auto-login as other accounts, including administrators, as long as the administrator has the 2FA set up.

Improper access control in Citrix Workspace app for Windows 1912 CU1 and 2006.1 causes privilege escalation and code execution when the automatic updater service is running.

As of v1.5.0, the default admin password is set to the argocd-server pod name. For insiders with access to the cluster or logs, this issue could be abused for privilege escalation, as Argo has privileged roles. A malicious insider is the most realistic threat, but pod names are not meant to be kept secret and could wind up just about anywhere.

A vulnerability has been identified in SIPORT MP (All versions < 3.2.1). Vulnerable versions of the device could allow an authenticated attacker to impersonate other users of the system and perform (potentially administrative) actions on behalf of those users if the single sign-on feature ("Allow logon without password") is enabled.

In Django User Sessions (django-user-sessions) before 1.7.1, the views provided allow users to terminate specific sessions. The session key is used to identify sessions, and thus included in the rendered HTML. In itself this is not a problem. However if the website has an XSS vulnerability, the session key could be extracted by the attacker and a session takeover could happen.

IBM Event Streams 10.0.0 could allow an authenticated user to perform tasks to a schema due to improper authentication validation. IBM X-Force ID: 186233.

In the Macally WIFISD2-2A82 Media and Travel Router 2.000.010, the Guest user is able to reset its own password. This process has a vulnerability which can be used to take over the administrator account and results in shell access. As the admin user may read the /etc/shadow file, the password hashes of each user (including root) can be dumped. The root hash can be cracked easily which results in a complete system compromise.

An issue was discovered on V-SOL V1600D V2.03.69 and V2.03.57, V1600D4L V1.01.49, V1600D-MINI V1.01.48, V1600G1 V2.0.7 and V1.9.7, and V1600G2 V1.1.4 OLT devices. It is possible to elevate the privilege of a CLI user (to full administrative access) by using the password !j@l#y$z%x6x7q8c9z) for the enable command.

OAuthenticator is software that allows OAuth2 identity providers to be plugged in and used with JupyterHub. Prior to version 17.4.0, an authentication bypass vulnerability in oauthenticator allows an attacker with an unverified email address on an Auth0 tenant to login to JupyterHub. When email is used as the usrname_claim, this gives users control over their username and the possibility of account takeover. This issue has been patched in version 17.4.0.

A flaw was found in the reset credential flow in all Keycloak versions before 8.0.0. This flaw allows an attacker to gain unauthorized access to the application.

Coolify is an open-source and self-hostable tool for managing servers, applications, and databases. In Coolify versions up to and including v4.0.0-beta.434, a low privileged user (member) can see and use invitation links sent to an administrator. When they use the link before the legitimate recipient does, they are able to log in as an administrator, meaning they have successfully escalated their privileges. As of time of publication, it is unclear if a patch is available.

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange software when the software fails to properly handle objects in memory, aka 'Microsoft Exchange Memory Corruption Vulnerability'.

An authentication issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Mojave 10.14.5. A user may be unexpectedly logged in to another user’s account.

Improper authentication in Windows NTLM allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

Prima Systems FlexAir, Versions 2.3.38 and prior. The application allows improper authentication using the MD5 hash value of the password, which may allow an attacker with access to the database to login as admin without decrypting the password.