A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE M875 (All versions). An attacker with access to the local file system might obtain passwords for administrative users. Successful exploitation requires read access to files on the local file system. A successful attack could allow an attacker to obtain administrative passwords. At the time of advisory publication no public exploitation of this security vulnerability was known.
A vulnerability has been identified in Teamcenter Active Workspace V5.2 (All versions < V5.2.9), Teamcenter Active Workspace V6.0 (All versions < V6.0.3). A reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the web interface of the affected application that could allow an attacker to execute malicious code by tricking users into accessing a malicious link.
A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE M875 (All versions). The web interface on port 443/tcp could allow a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attack if an unsuspecting user is tricked into accessing a malicious link. Successful exploitation requires that the attacker has access to the web interface of an affected device. The attacker must be authenticated as administrative user on the web interface. Afterwards, a legitimate user must access the web interface. A successful attack could allow an attacker to execute malicious code in the browser of a legitimate user. At the time of advisory publication no public exploitation of this security vulnerability was known.
A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X-200IRT switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions < V5.4.1), SCALANCE X-200RNA switch family (All versions < V3.2.7), SCALANCE X-300 switch family (incl. X408 and SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions < V4.1.3). A remote, authenticated attacker with access to the configuration web server could be able to store script code on the web site, if the HRP redundancy option is set. This code could be executed in the web browser of victims visiting this web site (XSS), affecting its confidentiality, integrity and availability. User interaction is required for successful exploitation, as the user needs to visit the manipulated web site. At the stage of publishing this security advisory no public exploitation is known. The vendor has confirmed the vulnerability and provides mitigations to resolve it.
A vulnerability has been identified in SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00). Affected devices do not properly handle the input of a GET request parameter. The provided argument is directly reflected in the web server response. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker to perform reflected XSS attacks.
A vulnerability has been identified in Spectrum Power 3 (Corporate User Interface) (All versions <= v3.11), Spectrum Power 4 (Corporate User Interface) (Version v4.75), Spectrum Power 5 (Corporate User Interface) (All versions < v5.50), Spectrum Power 7 (Corporate User Interface) (All versions <= v2.20). The web server could allow Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks if unsuspecting users are tricked into accessing a malicious link. User interaction is required for a successful exploitation. The user does not need to be logged into the web interface in order for the exploitation to succeed.At the stage of publishing this security advisory no public exploitation is known.
A vulnerability has been identified in SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00). Affected devices do not handle uploaded files correctly. An unauthenticated attacker could take advantage of this situation to store an XSS attack, which could - when a legitimate user accesses the error logs - perform arbitrary actions in the name of the user.
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the integrated web server on the Siemens Climatix BACnet/IP communication module with firmware before 10.34 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted URL.
A vulnerability has been identified in SINEMA Remote Connect Server (All versions < V3.1). An error message pop up window in the web interface of the affected application does not prevent injection of JavaScript code. This could allow attackers to perform reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks.
A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X-200 switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions < V5.2.3), SCALANCE X-200IRT switch family (incl. SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions < V5.4.1), SCALANCE X-200RNA switch family (All versions < V3.2.7), SCALANCE X-300 switch family (incl. X408 and SIPLUS NET variants) (All versions < V4.1.3). The integrated configuration web server of the affected devices could allow Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks if unsuspecting users are tricked into accessing a malicious link. User interaction is required for a successful exploitation. The user must be logged into the web interface in order for the exploitation to succeed. At the stage of publishing this security advisory no public exploitation is known. The vendor has confirmed the vulnerability and provides mitigations to resolve it.
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the integrated web server on Siemens SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU devices 2.x and 3.x allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the integrated web server on Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU PLC devices with firmware before 1.5.0 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors.
A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (230V), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (230V, coated), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (24V), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (24V, coated), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (2x 230V), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (2x 230V, coated), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (2x 24V), SCALANCE X302-7 EEC (2x 24V, coated), SCALANCE X304-2FE, SCALANCE X306-1LD FE, SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (230V), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (230V, coated), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (24V), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (24V, coated), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (2x 230V), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (2x 230V, coated), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (2x 24V), SCALANCE X307-2 EEC (2x 24V, coated), SCALANCE X307-3, SCALANCE X307-3, SCALANCE X307-3LD, SCALANCE X307-3LD, SCALANCE X308-2, SCALANCE X308-2, SCALANCE X308-2LD, SCALANCE X308-2LD, SCALANCE X308-2LH, SCALANCE X308-2LH, SCALANCE X308-2LH+, SCALANCE X308-2LH+, SCALANCE X308-2M, SCALANCE X308-2M, SCALANCE X308-2M PoE, SCALANCE X308-2M PoE, SCALANCE X308-2M TS, SCALANCE X308-2M TS, SCALANCE X310, SCALANCE X310, SCALANCE X310FE, SCALANCE X310FE, SCALANCE X320-1 FE, SCALANCE X320-1-2LD FE, SCALANCE X408-2, SCALANCE XR324-12M (230V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-12M (230V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-12M (230V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-12M (230V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-12M (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-12M (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-12M (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-12M (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-12M TS (24V), SCALANCE XR324-12M TS (24V), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 100-240VAC/60-250VDC, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M EEC (2x 24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE (230V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE (230V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE (24V, ports on front), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE (24V, ports on rear), SCALANCE XR324-4M PoE TS (24V, ports on front), SIPLUS NET SCALANCE X308-2. The integrated web server could allow Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks if unsuspecting users are tricked into accessing a malicious link. This can be used by an attacker to trigger a malicious request on the affected device.
A remote cross-site scripting (xss) vulnerability was discovered in some Aruba Instant Access Point (IAP) products in version(s): Aruba Instant 6.4.x: 6.4.4.8-4.2.4.17 and below; Aruba Instant 6.5.x: 6.5.4.18 and below; Aruba Instant 8.3.x: 8.3.0.14 and below; Aruba Instant 8.5.x: 8.5.0.11 and below; Aruba Instant 8.6.x: 8.6.0.7 and below; Aruba Instant 8.7.x: 8.7.1.1 and below. Aruba has released patches for Aruba Instant that address this security vulnerability.
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the HMI web application in Siemens WinCC (TIA Portal) 11 allows remote authenticated users to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified data.
A vulnerability has been identified in Spectrum Power 4 (All versions < V4.70 SP9 Security Patch 1). The integrated web application "Online Help" in affected product contains a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability that could be exploited if unsuspecting users are tricked into accessing a malicious link.
A reflected Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) vulnerability has been identified in Siemens PLM Software TEAMCENTER (V9.1.2.5). If a user visits the login portal through the URL crafted by the attacker, the attacker can insert html/javascript and thus alter/rewrite the login portal page. Siemens PLM Software TEAMCENTER V9.1.3 and newer are not affected.
A non-privileged user of the Siemens web application RUGGEDCOM NMS < V1.2 on port 8080/TCP and 8081/TCP could perform a persistent Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attack, potentially resulting in obtaining administrative permissions.
Siemens RUGGEDCOM ROX I (all versions) contain a vulnerability in the integrated web server at port 10000/TCP which is prone to reflected Cross-Site Scripting attacks if an unsuspecting user is induced to click on a malicious link.
A vulnerability has been identified in Polarion Subversion Webclient (All versions). The Polarion subversion web application does not filter user input in a way that prevents Cross-Site Scripting. If a user is enticed into passing specially crafted, malicious input to the web client (e.g. by clicking on a malicious URL with embedded JavaScript), then JavaScript code can be returned and may then be executed by the user’s client. Various actions could be triggered by running malicious JavaScript code.
A vulnerability has been identified in SICAM WEB firmware for SICAM A8000 RTUs (All versions < V05.30). The login screen does not sufficiently sanitize input, which enables an attacker to generate specially crafted log messages. If an unsuspecting victim views the log messages via the web browser, these log messages might be interpreted and executed as code by the web application. This Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) vulnerability might compromize the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the web application.
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the HMI web server in Siemens WinCC flexible 2004, 2005, 2007, and 2008 before SP3; WinCC V11 (aka TIA portal) before SP2 Update 1; the TP, OP, MP, Comfort Panels, and Mobile Panels SIMATIC HMI panels; WinCC V11 Runtime Advanced; and WinCC flexible Runtime allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2011-4511.
Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the HMI web server in Siemens WinCC flexible 2004, 2005, 2007, and 2008 before SP3; WinCC V11 (aka TIA portal) before SP2 Update 1; the TP, OP, MP, Comfort Panels, and Mobile Panels SIMATIC HMI panels; WinCC V11 Runtime Advanced; and WinCC flexible Runtime allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2011-4510.
A vulnerability has been identified in SICAM MMU (All versions < V2.05), SICAM SGU (All versions), SICAM T (All versions < V2.18). The web server could allow Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks if unsuspecting users are tricked into accessing a malicious link.
A vulnerability has been identified in SICAM MMU (All versions < V2.05), SICAM SGU (All versions), SICAM T (All versions < V2.18). A stored Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS) vulnerability is present in different locations of the web application. An attacker might be able to take over a session of a legitimate user.
A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC HMI Comfort Panels 4" - 22" (All versions < V15.1 Update 1), SIMATIC HMI Comfort Outdoor Panels 7" & 15" (All versions < V15.1 Update 1), SIMATIC HMI KTP Mobile Panels KTP400F, KTP700, KTP700F, KTP900 und KTP900F (All versions < V15.1 Update 1), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Advanced (All versions < V15.1 Update 1), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Professional (All versions < V15.1 Update 1), SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) (All versions < V15.1 Update 1), SIMATIC HMI Classic Devices (TP/MP/OP/MP Mobile Panel) (All versions). The integrated web server could allow Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks if an attacker is able to modify particular parts of the device configuration via SNMP. The security vulnerability could be exploited by an attacker with network access to the affected system. Successful exploitation requires system privileges and user interaction. An attacker could use the vulnerability to compromise confidentiality and the integrity of the affected system. At the stage of publishing this security advisory no public exploitation is known.
A vulnerability has been identified in SINEMA Server V14 (All versions). The affected application improperly sanitizes certain SNMP configuration data retrieved from monitored devices. An attacker with access to a monitored device could perform a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) attack that may lead to arbitrary code execution with `SYSTEM` privileges on the application server. (ZDI-CAN-19823)
A vulnerability has been identified in Polarion V2310 (All versions), Polarion V2404 (All versions < V2404.4). The file upload feature of the affected application improperly sanitizes xml files. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to conduct a stored cross-site scripting attack by uploading specially crafted xml files that are later downloaded and viewed by other users of the application.
A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX MX5000RE (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1400 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1500 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1501 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1510 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1511 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1512 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1524 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX1536 (All versions < V2.16.0), RUGGEDCOM ROX RX5000 (All versions < V2.16.0). A reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the web interface of the affected application that could allow an attacker to execute malicious javascript code by tricking users into accessing a malicious link. The malformed value is reflected directly in the response without sanitization while throwing an “invalid path” error.
A vulnerability has been identified in Climatix POL909 (AWB module) (All versions < V11.44), Climatix POL909 (AWM module) (All versions < V11.36). The User Management page of affected devices is vulnerable to cross-site scripting (XSS). The vulnerability allows an attacker to send malicious JavaScript code which could result in hijacking of the user's cookie/session tokens, redirecting the user to a malicious webpage and performing unintended browser action.
A vulnerability has been identified in Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 7 compatible) (All versions < V1.16.6), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 8 compatible) (All versions < V2.2.2), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 9 compatible) (All versions < V3.2.3). In certain configurations SAML module is vulnerable to Cross Site Scripting (XSS) attacks due to insufficient error message sanitation. This could allow an attacker to execute malicious code by tricking users into accessing a malicious link.
A vulnerability has been identified in Climatix POL908 (BACnet/IP module) (All versions), Climatix POL909 (AWM module) (All versions < V11.32). A persistent cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the "Server Config" web interface of the affected devices that could allow an attacker to inject arbitrary JavaScript code. The code could be potentially executed later by another (possibly privileged) user. The security vulnerability could be exploited by an attacker with network access to the affected system. Successful exploitation requires no system privileges. An attacker could use the vulnerability to compromise the confidentiality and integrity of other users' web session.
A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE S602 (All versions >= V3.0 and < V4.1), SCALANCE S612 (All versions >= V3.0 and < V4.1), SCALANCE S623 (All versions >= V3.0 and < V4.1), SCALANCE S627-2M (All versions >= V3.0 and < V4.1). The integrated configuration web server of the affected devices could allow Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks if unsuspecting users are tricked into accessing a malicious link. User interaction is required for a successful exploitation. The user must be logged into the web interface in order for the exploitation to succeed.
The Elementor Header & Footer Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the url attribute within the plugin's Site Title widget in all versions up to, and including, 1.6.35 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
Label Studio is an a popular open source data labeling tool. Versions prior to 1.9.2 have a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability that could be exploited when an authenticated user uploads a crafted image file for their avatar that gets rendered as a HTML file on the website. Executing arbitrary JavaScript could result in an attacker performing malicious actions on Label Studio users if they visit the crafted avatar image. For an example, an attacker can craft a JavaScript payload that adds a new Django Super Administrator user if a Django administrator visits the image. The file `users/functions.py` lines 18-49 show that the only verification check is that the file is an image by extracting the dimensions from the file. Label Studio serves avatar images using Django's built-in `serve` view, which is not secure for production use according to Django's documentation. The issue with the Django `serve` view is that it determines the `Content-Type` of the response by the file extension in the URL path. Therefore, an attacker can upload an image that contains malicious HTML code and name the file with a `.html` extension to be rendered as a HTML page. The only file extension validation is performed on the client-side, which can be easily bypassed. Version 1.9.2 fixes this issue. Other remediation strategies include validating the file extension on the server side, not in client-side code; removing the use of Django's `serve` view and implement a secure controller for viewing uploaded avatar images; saving file content in the database rather than on the filesystem to mitigate against other file related vulnerabilities; and avoiding trusting user controlled inputs.
Pre-School Enrollment version 1.0 is vulnerable to Cross Site Scripting (XSS) on the profile.php page via fullname parameter.
Jenkins Edgewall Trac Plugin 1.13 and earlier does not escape the Trac website URL on the build page, resulting in a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exploitable by attackers with Item/Configure permission.
OpenWrt 21.02.1 allows XSS via the Port Forwards Add Name screen.
A Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the Rendering Engine component in Apryse WebViewer v11.1 and earlier allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted PDF file.
The MP3 Audio Player – Music Player, Podcast Player & Radio by Sonaar plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the 'id' attribute within the plugin's sonaar_audioplayer shortcode in all versions up to, and including, 5.5 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping on user supplied attributes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
geminabox (aka Gem in a Box) before 0.13.6 has XSS, as demonstrated by uploading a gem file that has a crafted gem.homepage value in its .gemspec file.
In Boostnote 0.12.1, exporting to PDF contains opportunities for XSS attacks.
Netgate pfSense CE (prior to 2.8.0 beta release) and corresponding Plus builds is vulnerable to Cross-site scripting (XSS) in the Automatic Configuration Backup (ACB) service, allowing remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript, delete backups, or leak sensitive information via an unsanitized "reason" field and a derivable device key generated from the public SSH key.
Studio 42 elFinder through 2.1.31 allows XSS via an SVG document.
The Extensions for Elementor plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the ‘url’ parameter within the EE Button widget in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.30 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in NicheAddons Restaurant & Cafe Addon for Elementor allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Restaurant & Cafe Addon for Elementor: from n/a through 1.5.5.
MiniCMS v1.11 was discovered to contain a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability via /mc-admin/page-edit.php.
A reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in /webscan/sqlmap/index.html in QingScan <=v1.8.0. The vulnerability is caused by improper input sanitization of the query parameter, allowing an attacker to inject malicious JavaScript payloads. When a victim accesses a crafted URL containing the malicious input, the script executes in the victim's browser context.
Imprivata Privileged Access Management (formally Xton Privileged Access Management) 2.3.202112051108 allows XSS.
The Cards for Beaver Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the plugin's Cards widget in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.3 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping on user supplied attributes. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.