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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2025-21693

Summary
Assigner-Linux
Assigner Org ID-416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Published At-10 Feb, 2025 | 15:58
Updated At-11 May, 2026 | 21:04
Rejected At-
Credits

mm: zswap: properly synchronize freeing resources during CPU hotunplug

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm: zswap: properly synchronize freeing resources during CPU hotunplug In zswap_compress() and zswap_decompress(), the per-CPU acomp_ctx of the current CPU at the beginning of the operation is retrieved and used throughout. However, since neither preemption nor migration are disabled, it is possible that the operation continues on a different CPU. If the original CPU is hotunplugged while the acomp_ctx is still in use, we run into a UAF bug as some of the resources attached to the acomp_ctx are freed during hotunplug in zswap_cpu_comp_dead() (i.e. acomp_ctx.buffer, acomp_ctx.req, or acomp_ctx.acomp). The problem was introduced in commit 1ec3b5fe6eec ("mm/zswap: move to use crypto_acomp API for hardware acceleration") when the switch to the crypto_acomp API was made. Prior to that, the per-CPU crypto_comp was retrieved using get_cpu_ptr() which disables preemption and makes sure the CPU cannot go away from under us. Preemption cannot be disabled with the crypto_acomp API as a sleepable context is needed. Use the acomp_ctx.mutex to synchronize CPU hotplug callbacks allocating and freeing resources with compression/decompression paths. Make sure that acomp_ctx.req is NULL when the resources are freed. In the compression/decompression paths, check if acomp_ctx.req is NULL after acquiring the mutex (meaning the CPU was offlined) and retry on the new CPU. The initialization of acomp_ctx.mutex is moved from the CPU hotplug callback to the pool initialization where it belongs (where the mutex is allocated). In addition to adding clarity, this makes sure that CPU hotplug cannot reinitialize a mutex that is already locked by compression/decompression. Previously a fix was attempted by holding cpus_read_lock() [1]. This would have caused a potential deadlock as it is possible for code already holding the lock to fall into reclaim and enter zswap (causing a deadlock). A fix was also attempted using SRCU for synchronization, but Johannes pointed out that synchronize_srcu() cannot be used in CPU hotplug notifiers [2]. Alternative fixes that were considered/attempted and could have worked: - Refcounting the per-CPU acomp_ctx. This involves complexity in handling the race between the refcount dropping to zero in zswap_[de]compress() and the refcount being re-initialized when the CPU is onlined. - Disabling migration before getting the per-CPU acomp_ctx [3], but that's discouraged and is a much bigger hammer than needed, and could result in subtle performance issues. [1]https://lkml.kernel.org/20241219212437.2714151-1-yosryahmed@google.com/ [2]https://lkml.kernel.org/20250107074724.1756696-2-yosryahmed@google.com/ [3]https://lkml.kernel.org/20250107222236.2715883-2-yosryahmed@google.com/ [yosryahmed@google.com: remove comment]

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:Linux
Assigner Org ID:416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Published At:10 Feb, 2025 | 15:58
Updated At:11 May, 2026 | 21:04
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)
mm: zswap: properly synchronize freeing resources during CPU hotunplug

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm: zswap: properly synchronize freeing resources during CPU hotunplug In zswap_compress() and zswap_decompress(), the per-CPU acomp_ctx of the current CPU at the beginning of the operation is retrieved and used throughout. However, since neither preemption nor migration are disabled, it is possible that the operation continues on a different CPU. If the original CPU is hotunplugged while the acomp_ctx is still in use, we run into a UAF bug as some of the resources attached to the acomp_ctx are freed during hotunplug in zswap_cpu_comp_dead() (i.e. acomp_ctx.buffer, acomp_ctx.req, or acomp_ctx.acomp). The problem was introduced in commit 1ec3b5fe6eec ("mm/zswap: move to use crypto_acomp API for hardware acceleration") when the switch to the crypto_acomp API was made. Prior to that, the per-CPU crypto_comp was retrieved using get_cpu_ptr() which disables preemption and makes sure the CPU cannot go away from under us. Preemption cannot be disabled with the crypto_acomp API as a sleepable context is needed. Use the acomp_ctx.mutex to synchronize CPU hotplug callbacks allocating and freeing resources with compression/decompression paths. Make sure that acomp_ctx.req is NULL when the resources are freed. In the compression/decompression paths, check if acomp_ctx.req is NULL after acquiring the mutex (meaning the CPU was offlined) and retry on the new CPU. The initialization of acomp_ctx.mutex is moved from the CPU hotplug callback to the pool initialization where it belongs (where the mutex is allocated). In addition to adding clarity, this makes sure that CPU hotplug cannot reinitialize a mutex that is already locked by compression/decompression. Previously a fix was attempted by holding cpus_read_lock() [1]. This would have caused a potential deadlock as it is possible for code already holding the lock to fall into reclaim and enter zswap (causing a deadlock). A fix was also attempted using SRCU for synchronization, but Johannes pointed out that synchronize_srcu() cannot be used in CPU hotplug notifiers [2]. Alternative fixes that were considered/attempted and could have worked: - Refcounting the per-CPU acomp_ctx. This involves complexity in handling the race between the refcount dropping to zero in zswap_[de]compress() and the refcount being re-initialized when the CPU is onlined. - Disabling migration before getting the per-CPU acomp_ctx [3], but that's discouraged and is a much bigger hammer than needed, and could result in subtle performance issues. [1]https://lkml.kernel.org/20241219212437.2714151-1-yosryahmed@google.com/ [2]https://lkml.kernel.org/20250107074724.1756696-2-yosryahmed@google.com/ [3]https://lkml.kernel.org/20250107222236.2715883-2-yosryahmed@google.com/ [yosryahmed@google.com: remove comment]

Affected Products
Vendor
Linux Kernel Organization, IncLinux
Product
Linux
Repo
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
Program Files
  • mm/zswap.c
Default Status
unaffected
Versions
Affected
  • From 1ec3b5fe6eec782f4e5e0a80e4ce1909ffd5d161 before 8d29ff5d50304daa41dc3cfdda4a9d1e46cf5be1 (git)
  • From 1ec3b5fe6eec782f4e5e0a80e4ce1909ffd5d161 before 12dcb0ef540629a281533f9dedc1b6b8e14cfb65 (git)
Vendor
Linux Kernel Organization, IncLinux
Product
Linux
Repo
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
Program Files
  • mm/zswap.c
Default Status
affected
Versions
Affected
  • 5.11
Unaffected
  • From 0 before 5.11 (semver)
  • From 6.12.12 through 6.12.* (semver)
  • From 6.13 through * (original_commit_for_fix)
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8d29ff5d50304daa41dc3cfdda4a9d1e46cf5be1
N/A
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12dcb0ef540629a281533f9dedc1b6b8e14cfb65
N/A
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8d29ff5d50304daa41dc3cfdda4a9d1e46cf5be1
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12dcb0ef540629a281533f9dedc1b6b8e14cfb65
Resource: N/A
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
CWECWE-416CWE-416 Use After Free
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-416
Description: CWE-416 Use After Free
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
3.17.8HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Version: 3.1
Base score: 7.8
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Published At:10 Feb, 2025 | 16:15
Updated At:16 Apr, 2025 | 19:15

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm: zswap: properly synchronize freeing resources during CPU hotunplug In zswap_compress() and zswap_decompress(), the per-CPU acomp_ctx of the current CPU at the beginning of the operation is retrieved and used throughout. However, since neither preemption nor migration are disabled, it is possible that the operation continues on a different CPU. If the original CPU is hotunplugged while the acomp_ctx is still in use, we run into a UAF bug as some of the resources attached to the acomp_ctx are freed during hotunplug in zswap_cpu_comp_dead() (i.e. acomp_ctx.buffer, acomp_ctx.req, or acomp_ctx.acomp). The problem was introduced in commit 1ec3b5fe6eec ("mm/zswap: move to use crypto_acomp API for hardware acceleration") when the switch to the crypto_acomp API was made. Prior to that, the per-CPU crypto_comp was retrieved using get_cpu_ptr() which disables preemption and makes sure the CPU cannot go away from under us. Preemption cannot be disabled with the crypto_acomp API as a sleepable context is needed. Use the acomp_ctx.mutex to synchronize CPU hotplug callbacks allocating and freeing resources with compression/decompression paths. Make sure that acomp_ctx.req is NULL when the resources are freed. In the compression/decompression paths, check if acomp_ctx.req is NULL after acquiring the mutex (meaning the CPU was offlined) and retry on the new CPU. The initialization of acomp_ctx.mutex is moved from the CPU hotplug callback to the pool initialization where it belongs (where the mutex is allocated). In addition to adding clarity, this makes sure that CPU hotplug cannot reinitialize a mutex that is already locked by compression/decompression. Previously a fix was attempted by holding cpus_read_lock() [1]. This would have caused a potential deadlock as it is possible for code already holding the lock to fall into reclaim and enter zswap (causing a deadlock). A fix was also attempted using SRCU for synchronization, but Johannes pointed out that synchronize_srcu() cannot be used in CPU hotplug notifiers [2]. Alternative fixes that were considered/attempted and could have worked: - Refcounting the per-CPU acomp_ctx. This involves complexity in handling the race between the refcount dropping to zero in zswap_[de]compress() and the refcount being re-initialized when the CPU is onlined. - Disabling migration before getting the per-CPU acomp_ctx [3], but that's discouraged and is a much bigger hammer than needed, and could result in subtle performance issues. [1]https://lkml.kernel.org/20241219212437.2714151-1-yosryahmed@google.com/ [2]https://lkml.kernel.org/20250107074724.1756696-2-yosryahmed@google.com/ [3]https://lkml.kernel.org/20250107222236.2715883-2-yosryahmed@google.com/ [yosryahmed@google.com: remove comment]

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Secondary3.17.8HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Type: Secondary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 7.8
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CPE Matches

Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>Versions from 5.11(inclusive) to 6.12.12(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.13
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.13
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.13
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.13
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.13
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.13
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.13
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*
Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
CWE-416Secondary134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CWE ID: CWE-416
Type: Secondary
Source: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12dcb0ef540629a281533f9dedc1b6b8e14cfb65416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8d29ff5d50304daa41dc3cfdda4a9d1e46cf5be1416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Patch
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12dcb0ef540629a281533f9dedc1b6b8e14cfb65
Source: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Resource:
Patch
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8d29ff5d50304daa41dc3cfdda4a9d1e46cf5be1
Source: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Resource:
Patch

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
RDMA/mlx5: Fix implicit ODP use after free

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/mlx5: Fix implicit ODP use after free Prevent double queueing of implicit ODP mr destroy work by using __xa_cmpxchg() to make sure this is the only time we are destroying this specific mr. Without this change, we could try to invalidate this mr twice, which in turn could result in queuing a MR work destroy twice, and eventually the second work could execute after the MR was freed due to the first work, causing a user after free and trace below. refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 12178 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0x12b/0x130 Modules linked in: bonding ib_ipoib vfio_pci ip_gre geneve nf_tables ip6_gre gre ip6_tunnel tunnel6 ipip tunnel4 ib_umad rdma_ucm mlx5_vfio_pci vfio_pci_core vfio_iommu_type1 mlx5_ib vfio ib_uverbs mlx5_core iptable_raw openvswitch nsh rpcrdma ib_iser libiscsi scsi_transport_iscsi rdma_cm iw_cm ib_cm ib_core xt_conntrack xt_MASQUERADE nf_conntrack_netlink nfnetlink xt_addrtype iptable_nat nf_nat br_netfilter rpcsec_gss_krb5 auth_rpcgss oid_registry overlay zram zsmalloc fuse [last unloaded: ib_uverbs] CPU: 2 PID: 12178 Comm: kworker/u20:5 Not tainted 6.5.0-rc1_net_next_mlx5_58c644e #1 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.13.0-0-gf21b5a4aeb02-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 Workqueue: events_unbound free_implicit_child_mr_work [mlx5_ib] RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x12b/0x130 Code: 48 c7 c7 38 95 2a 82 c6 05 bc c6 fe 00 01 e8 0c 66 aa ff 0f 0b 5b c3 48 c7 c7 e0 94 2a 82 c6 05 a7 c6 fe 00 01 e8 f5 65 aa ff <0f> 0b 5b c3 90 8b 07 3d 00 00 00 c0 74 12 83 f8 01 74 13 8d 50 ff RSP: 0018:ffff8881008e3e40 EFLAGS: 00010286 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000027 RDX: ffff88852c91b5c8 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffff88852c91b5c0 RBP: ffff8881dacd4e00 R08: 00000000ffffffff R09: 0000000000000019 R10: 000000000000072e R11: 0000000063666572 R12: ffff88812bfd9e00 R13: ffff8881c792d200 R14: ffff88810011c005 R15: ffff8881002099c0 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88852c900000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007f5694b5e000 CR3: 00000001153f6003 CR4: 0000000000370ea0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> ? refcount_warn_saturate+0x12b/0x130 free_implicit_child_mr_work+0x180/0x1b0 [mlx5_ib] process_one_work+0x1cc/0x3c0 worker_thread+0x218/0x3c0 kthread+0xc6/0xf0 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 </TASK>

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21812
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.21% / 11.54%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 20:01
Updated-23 May, 2026 | 15:57
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
ax25: rcu protect dev->ax25_ptr

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ax25: rcu protect dev->ax25_ptr syzbot found a lockdep issue [1]. We should remove ax25 RTNL dependency in ax25_setsockopt() This should also fix a variety of possible UAF in ax25. [1] WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected 6.13.0-rc3-syzkaller-00762-g9268abe611b0 #0 Not tainted ------------------------------------------------------ syz.5.1818/12806 is trying to acquire lock: ffffffff8fcb3988 (rtnl_mutex){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: ax25_setsockopt+0xa55/0xe90 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:680 but task is already holding lock: ffff8880617ac258 (sk_lock-AF_AX25){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: lock_sock include/net/sock.h:1618 [inline] ffff8880617ac258 (sk_lock-AF_AX25){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: ax25_setsockopt+0x209/0xe90 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:574 which lock already depends on the new lock. the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is: -> #1 (sk_lock-AF_AX25){+.+.}-{0:0}: lock_acquire+0x1ed/0x550 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5849 lock_sock_nested+0x48/0x100 net/core/sock.c:3642 lock_sock include/net/sock.h:1618 [inline] ax25_kill_by_device net/ax25/af_ax25.c:101 [inline] ax25_device_event+0x24d/0x580 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:146 notifier_call_chain+0x1a5/0x3f0 kernel/notifier.c:85 __dev_notify_flags+0x207/0x400 dev_change_flags+0xf0/0x1a0 net/core/dev.c:9026 dev_ifsioc+0x7c8/0xe70 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:563 dev_ioctl+0x719/0x1340 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:820 sock_do_ioctl+0x240/0x460 net/socket.c:1234 sock_ioctl+0x626/0x8e0 net/socket.c:1339 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:906 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl+0xf5/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:892 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f -> #0 (rtnl_mutex){+.+.}-{4:4}: check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3161 [inline] check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3280 [inline] validate_chain+0x18ef/0x5920 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3904 __lock_acquire+0x1397/0x2100 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5226 lock_acquire+0x1ed/0x550 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5849 __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:585 [inline] __mutex_lock+0x1ac/0xee0 kernel/locking/mutex.c:735 ax25_setsockopt+0xa55/0xe90 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:680 do_sock_setsockopt+0x3af/0x720 net/socket.c:2324 __sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:2349 [inline] __do_sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:2355 [inline] __se_sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:2352 [inline] __x64_sys_setsockopt+0x1ee/0x280 net/socket.c:2352 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f other info that might help us debug this: Possible unsafe locking scenario: CPU0 CPU1 ---- ---- lock(sk_lock-AF_AX25); lock(rtnl_mutex); lock(sk_lock-AF_AX25); lock(rtnl_mutex); *** DEADLOCK *** 1 lock held by syz.5.1818/12806: #0: ffff8880617ac258 (sk_lock-AF_AX25){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: lock_sock include/net/sock.h:1618 [inline] #0: ffff8880617ac258 (sk_lock-AF_AX25){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: ax25_setsockopt+0x209/0xe90 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:574 stack backtrace: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 12806 Comm: syz.5.1818 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc3-syzkaller-00762-g9268abe611b0 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_circular_bug+0x13a/0x1b0 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2074 check_noncircular+0x36a/0x4a0 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2206 check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3161 [inline] check_prevs_add kernel/lockin ---truncated---

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21703
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.27% / 19.34%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-18 Feb, 2025 | 14:37
Updated-23 May, 2026 | 15:56
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
netem: Update sch->q.qlen before qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netem: Update sch->q.qlen before qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() notifies parent qdisc only if child qdisc becomes empty, therefore we need to reduce the backlog of the child qdisc before calling it. Otherwise it would miss the opportunity to call cops->qlen_notify(), in the case of DRR, it resulted in UAF since DRR uses ->qlen_notify() to maintain its active list.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21631
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.21% / 10.79%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-19 Jan, 2025 | 10:17
Updated-23 May, 2026 | 15:56
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
block, bfq: fix waker_bfqq UAF after bfq_split_bfqq()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: block, bfq: fix waker_bfqq UAF after bfq_split_bfqq() Our syzkaller report a following UAF for v6.6: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in bfq_init_rq+0x175d/0x17a0 block/bfq-iosched.c:6958 Read of size 8 at addr ffff8881b57147d8 by task fsstress/232726 CPU: 2 PID: 232726 Comm: fsstress Not tainted 6.6.0-g3629d1885222 #39 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x91/0xf0 lib/dump_stack.c:106 print_address_description.constprop.0+0x66/0x300 mm/kasan/report.c:364 print_report+0x3e/0x70 mm/kasan/report.c:475 kasan_report+0xb8/0xf0 mm/kasan/report.c:588 hlist_add_head include/linux/list.h:1023 [inline] bfq_init_rq+0x175d/0x17a0 block/bfq-iosched.c:6958 bfq_insert_request.isra.0+0xe8/0xa20 block/bfq-iosched.c:6271 bfq_insert_requests+0x27f/0x390 block/bfq-iosched.c:6323 blk_mq_insert_request+0x290/0x8f0 block/blk-mq.c:2660 blk_mq_submit_bio+0x1021/0x15e0 block/blk-mq.c:3143 __submit_bio+0xa0/0x6b0 block/blk-core.c:639 __submit_bio_noacct_mq block/blk-core.c:718 [inline] submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x5b7/0x810 block/blk-core.c:747 submit_bio_noacct+0xca0/0x1990 block/blk-core.c:847 __ext4_read_bh fs/ext4/super.c:205 [inline] ext4_read_bh+0x15e/0x2e0 fs/ext4/super.c:230 __read_extent_tree_block+0x304/0x6f0 fs/ext4/extents.c:567 ext4_find_extent+0x479/0xd20 fs/ext4/extents.c:947 ext4_ext_map_blocks+0x1a3/0x2680 fs/ext4/extents.c:4182 ext4_map_blocks+0x929/0x15a0 fs/ext4/inode.c:660 ext4_iomap_begin_report+0x298/0x480 fs/ext4/inode.c:3569 iomap_iter+0x3dd/0x1010 fs/iomap/iter.c:91 iomap_fiemap+0x1f4/0x360 fs/iomap/fiemap.c:80 ext4_fiemap+0x181/0x210 fs/ext4/extents.c:5051 ioctl_fiemap.isra.0+0x1b4/0x290 fs/ioctl.c:220 do_vfs_ioctl+0x31c/0x11a0 fs/ioctl.c:811 __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:869 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl+0xae/0x190 fs/ioctl.c:857 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:51 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x70/0x120 arch/x86/entry/common.c:81 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x78/0xe2 Allocated by task 232719: kasan_save_stack+0x22/0x50 mm/kasan/common.c:45 kasan_set_track+0x25/0x30 mm/kasan/common.c:52 __kasan_slab_alloc+0x87/0x90 mm/kasan/common.c:328 kasan_slab_alloc include/linux/kasan.h:188 [inline] slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slab.h:768 [inline] slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:3492 [inline] kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x1b8/0x6f0 mm/slub.c:3537 bfq_get_queue+0x215/0x1f00 block/bfq-iosched.c:5869 bfq_get_bfqq_handle_split+0x167/0x5f0 block/bfq-iosched.c:6776 bfq_init_rq+0x13a4/0x17a0 block/bfq-iosched.c:6938 bfq_insert_request.isra.0+0xe8/0xa20 block/bfq-iosched.c:6271 bfq_insert_requests+0x27f/0x390 block/bfq-iosched.c:6323 blk_mq_insert_request+0x290/0x8f0 block/blk-mq.c:2660 blk_mq_submit_bio+0x1021/0x15e0 block/blk-mq.c:3143 __submit_bio+0xa0/0x6b0 block/blk-core.c:639 __submit_bio_noacct_mq block/blk-core.c:718 [inline] submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x5b7/0x810 block/blk-core.c:747 submit_bio_noacct+0xca0/0x1990 block/blk-core.c:847 __ext4_read_bh fs/ext4/super.c:205 [inline] ext4_read_bh_nowait+0x15a/0x240 fs/ext4/super.c:217 ext4_read_bh_lock+0xac/0xd0 fs/ext4/super.c:242 ext4_bread_batch+0x268/0x500 fs/ext4/inode.c:958 __ext4_find_entry+0x448/0x10f0 fs/ext4/namei.c:1671 ext4_lookup_entry fs/ext4/namei.c:1774 [inline] ext4_lookup.part.0+0x359/0x6f0 fs/ext4/namei.c:1842 ext4_lookup+0x72/0x90 fs/ext4/namei.c:1839 __lookup_slow+0x257/0x480 fs/namei.c:1696 lookup_slow fs/namei.c:1713 [inline] walk_component+0x454/0x5c0 fs/namei.c:2004 link_path_walk.part.0+0x773/0xda0 fs/namei.c:2331 link_path_walk fs/namei.c:3826 [inline] path_openat+0x1b9/0x520 fs/namei.c:3826 do_filp_open+0x1b7/0x400 fs/namei.c:3857 do_sys_openat2+0x5dc/0x6e0 fs/open.c:1428 do_sys_open fs/open.c:1443 [inline] __do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1459 [inline] __se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1454 [inline] __x64_sys_openat+0x148/0x200 fs/open.c:1454 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:51 [inline] do_syscall_6 ---truncated---

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-22068
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.17% / 6.60%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-16 Apr, 2025 | 14:12
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:12
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
ublk: make sure ubq->canceling is set when queue is frozen

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ublk: make sure ubq->canceling is set when queue is frozen Now ublk driver depends on `ubq->canceling` for deciding if the request can be dispatched via uring_cmd & io_uring_cmd_complete_in_task(). Once ubq->canceling is set, the uring_cmd can be done via ublk_cancel_cmd() and io_uring_cmd_done(). So set ubq->canceling when queue is frozen, this way makes sure that the flag can be observed from ublk_queue_rq() reliably, and avoids use-after-free on uring_cmd.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21923
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.19% / 9.22%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-01 Apr, 2025 | 15:40
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:09
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
HID: hid-steam: Fix use-after-free when detaching device

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: hid-steam: Fix use-after-free when detaching device When a hid-steam device is removed it must clean up the client_hdev used for intercepting hidraw access. This can lead to scheduling deferred work to reattach the input device. Though the cleanup cancels the deferred work, this was done before the client_hdev itself is cleaned up, so it gets rescheduled. This patch fixes the ordering to make sure the deferred work is properly canceled.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21896
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.20% / 9.81%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-01 Apr, 2025 | 15:26
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:08
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
fuse: revert back to __readahead_folio() for readahead

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fuse: revert back to __readahead_folio() for readahead In commit 3eab9d7bc2f4 ("fuse: convert readahead to use folios"), the logic was converted to using the new folio readahead code, which drops the reference on the folio once it is locked, using an inferred reference on the folio. Previously we held a reference on the folio for the entire duration of the readpages call. This is fine, however for the case for splice pipe responses where we will remove the old folio and splice in the new folio (see fuse_try_move_page()), we assume that there is a reference held on the folio for ap->folios, which is no longer the case. To fix this, revert back to __readahead_folio() which allows us to hold the reference on the folio for the duration of readpages until either we drop the reference ourselves in fuse_readpages_end() or the reference is dropped after it's replaced in the page cache in the splice case. This will fix the UAF bug that was reported.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21979
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.19% / 8.48%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-01 Apr, 2025 | 15:47
Updated-23 May, 2026 | 15:57
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
wifi: cfg80211: cancel wiphy_work before freeing wiphy

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: cfg80211: cancel wiphy_work before freeing wiphy A wiphy_work can be queued from the moment the wiphy is allocated and initialized (i.e. wiphy_new_nm). When a wiphy_work is queued, the rdev::wiphy_work is getting queued. If wiphy_free is called before the rdev::wiphy_work had a chance to run, the wiphy memory will be freed, and then when it eventally gets to run it'll use invalid memory. Fix this by canceling the work before freeing the wiphy.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21969
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.18% / 7.91%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-01 Apr, 2025 | 15:47
Updated-23 May, 2026 | 15:57
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix slab-use-after-free Read in l2cap_send_cmd

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix slab-use-after-free Read in l2cap_send_cmd After the hci sync command releases l2cap_conn, the hci receive data work queue references the released l2cap_conn when sending to the upper layer. Add hci dev lock to the hci receive data work queue to synchronize the two. [1] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in l2cap_send_cmd+0x187/0x8d0 net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:954 Read of size 8 at addr ffff8880271a4000 by task kworker/u9:2/5837 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5837 Comm: kworker/u9:2 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc5-syzkaller-00163-gab75170520d4 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024 Workqueue: hci1 hci_rx_work Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:489 kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:602 l2cap_build_cmd net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:2964 [inline] l2cap_send_cmd+0x187/0x8d0 net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:954 l2cap_sig_send_rej net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:5502 [inline] l2cap_sig_channel net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:5538 [inline] l2cap_recv_frame+0x221f/0x10db0 net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:6817 hci_acldata_packet net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:3797 [inline] hci_rx_work+0x508/0xdb0 net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:4040 process_one_work kernel/workqueue.c:3229 [inline] process_scheduled_works+0xa66/0x1840 kernel/workqueue.c:3310 worker_thread+0x870/0xd30 kernel/workqueue.c:3391 kthread+0x2f0/0x390 kernel/kthread.c:389 ret_from_fork+0x4b/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:244 </TASK> Allocated by task 5837: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3f/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0x98/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x243/0x390 mm/slub.c:4329 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:901 [inline] kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1037 [inline] l2cap_conn_add+0xa9/0x8e0 net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:6860 l2cap_connect_cfm+0x115/0x1090 net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:7239 hci_connect_cfm include/net/bluetooth/hci_core.h:2057 [inline] hci_remote_features_evt+0x68e/0xac0 net/bluetooth/hci_event.c:3726 hci_event_func net/bluetooth/hci_event.c:7473 [inline] hci_event_packet+0xac2/0x1540 net/bluetooth/hci_event.c:7525 hci_rx_work+0x3f3/0xdb0 net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:4035 process_one_work kernel/workqueue.c:3229 [inline] process_scheduled_works+0xa66/0x1840 kernel/workqueue.c:3310 worker_thread+0x870/0xd30 kernel/workqueue.c:3391 kthread+0x2f0/0x390 kernel/kthread.c:389 ret_from_fork+0x4b/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:244 Freed by task 54: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3f/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 kasan_save_free_info+0x40/0x50 mm/kasan/generic.c:582 poison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:247 [inline] __kasan_slab_free+0x59/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:264 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:233 [inline] slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:2353 [inline] slab_free mm/slub.c:4613 [inline] kfree+0x196/0x430 mm/slub.c:4761 l2cap_connect_cfm+0xcc/0x1090 net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:7235 hci_connect_cfm include/net/bluetooth/hci_core.h:2057 [inline] hci_conn_failed+0x287/0x400 net/bluetooth/hci_conn.c:1266 hci_abort_conn_sync+0x56c/0x11f0 net/bluetooth/hci_sync.c:5603 hci_cmd_sync_work+0x22b/0x400 net/bluetooth/hci_sync.c:332 process_one_work kernel/workqueue.c:3229 [inline] process_scheduled_works+0xa66/0x1840 kernel/workqueue.c:3310 worker_thread+0x870/0xd30 kernel/workqueue.c:3391 kthread+0x2f0/0x390 kernel/kthread.c:389 ret_from_fork+0x4b/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entr ---truncated---

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-22088
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.17% / 6.67%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-16 Apr, 2025 | 14:12
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:12
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
RDMA/erdma: Prevent use-after-free in erdma_accept_newconn()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/erdma: Prevent use-after-free in erdma_accept_newconn() After the erdma_cep_put(new_cep) being called, new_cep will be freed, and the following dereference will cause a UAF problem. Fix this issue.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21763
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.23% / 13.99%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:18
Updated-12 May, 2026 | 13:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
neighbour: use RCU protection in __neigh_notify()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: neighbour: use RCU protection in __neigh_notify() __neigh_notify() can be called without RTNL or RCU protection. Use RCU protection to avoid potential UAF.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Siemens AGLinux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinuxSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21855
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.21% / 10.92%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-12 Mar, 2025 | 09:42
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:07
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
ibmvnic: Don't reference skb after sending to VIOS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ibmvnic: Don't reference skb after sending to VIOS Previously, after successfully flushing the xmit buffer to VIOS, the tx_bytes stat was incremented by the length of the skb. It is invalid to access the skb memory after sending the buffer to the VIOS because, at any point after sending, the VIOS can trigger an interrupt to free this memory. A race between reading skb->len and freeing the skb is possible (especially during LPM) and will result in use-after-free: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in ibmvnic_xmit+0x75c/0x1808 [ibmvnic] Read of size 4 at addr c00000024eb48a70 by task hxecom/14495 <...> Call Trace: [c000000118f66cf0] [c0000000018cba6c] dump_stack_lvl+0x84/0xe8 (unreliable) [c000000118f66d20] [c0000000006f0080] print_report+0x1a8/0x7f0 [c000000118f66df0] [c0000000006f08f0] kasan_report+0x128/0x1f8 [c000000118f66f00] [c0000000006f2868] __asan_load4+0xac/0xe0 [c000000118f66f20] [c0080000046eac84] ibmvnic_xmit+0x75c/0x1808 [ibmvnic] [c000000118f67340] [c0000000014be168] dev_hard_start_xmit+0x150/0x358 <...> Freed by task 0: kasan_save_stack+0x34/0x68 kasan_save_track+0x2c/0x50 kasan_save_free_info+0x64/0x108 __kasan_mempool_poison_object+0x148/0x2d4 napi_skb_cache_put+0x5c/0x194 net_tx_action+0x154/0x5b8 handle_softirqs+0x20c/0x60c do_softirq_own_stack+0x6c/0x88 <...> The buggy address belongs to the object at c00000024eb48a00 which belongs to the cache skbuff_head_cache of size 224 ==================================================================

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21762
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.23% / 13.99%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:18
Updated-12 May, 2026 | 13:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
arp: use RCU protection in arp_xmit()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: arp: use RCU protection in arp_xmit() arp_xmit() can be called without RTNL or RCU protection. Use RCU protection to avoid potential UAF.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Siemens AGLinux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinuxSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - BIOSSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21761
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.23% / 13.99%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:18
Updated-12 May, 2026 | 13:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
openvswitch: use RCU protection in ovs_vport_cmd_fill_info()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: openvswitch: use RCU protection in ovs_vport_cmd_fill_info() ovs_vport_cmd_fill_info() can be called without RTNL or RCU. Use RCU protection and dev_net_rcu() to avoid potential UAF.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Siemens AGLinux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinuxSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-22097
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.17% / 6.70%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-16 Apr, 2025 | 14:12
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:12
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
drm/vkms: Fix use after free and double free on init error

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/vkms: Fix use after free and double free on init error If the driver initialization fails, the vkms_exit() function might access an uninitialized or freed default_config pointer and it might double free it. Fix both possible errors by initializing default_config only when the driver initialization succeeded.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-22041
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.56% / 42.73%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-16 Apr, 2025 | 14:11
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:11
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
ksmbd: fix use-after-free in ksmbd_sessions_deregister()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix use-after-free in ksmbd_sessions_deregister() In multichannel mode, UAF issue can occur in session_deregister when the second channel sets up a session through the connection of the first channel. session that is freed through the global session table can be accessed again through ->sessions of connection.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21729
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.19% / 8.99%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:07
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:05
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
wifi: rtw89: fix race between cancel_hw_scan and hw_scan completion

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: rtw89: fix race between cancel_hw_scan and hw_scan completion The rtwdev->scanning flag isn't protected by mutex originally, so cancel_hw_scan can pass the condition, but suddenly hw_scan completion unset the flag and calls ieee80211_scan_completed() that will free local->hw_scan_req. Then, cancel_hw_scan raises null-ptr-deref and use-after-free. Fix it by moving the check condition to where protected by mutex. KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000088-0x000000000000008f] CPU: 2 PID: 6922 Comm: kworker/2:2 Tainted: G OE Hardware name: LENOVO 2356AD1/2356AD1, BIOS G7ETB6WW (2.76 ) 09/10/2019 Workqueue: events cfg80211_conn_work [cfg80211] RIP: 0010:rtw89_fw_h2c_scan_offload_be+0xc33/0x13c3 [rtw89_core] Code: 00 45 89 6c 24 1c 0f 85 23 01 00 00 48 8b 85 20 ff ff ff 48 8d RSP: 0018:ffff88811fd9f068 EFLAGS: 00010206 RAX: dffffc0000000000 RBX: ffff88811fd9f258 RCX: 0000000000000001 RDX: 0000000000000011 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: 0000000000000089 RBP: ffff88811fd9f170 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: ffff88811fd9f108 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff88810e47f960 R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 000000000000ffff R15: 0000000000000000 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8881d6f00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007531dfca55b0 CR3: 00000001be296004 CR4: 00000000001706e0 Call Trace: <TASK> ? show_regs+0x61/0x73 ? __die_body+0x20/0x73 ? die_addr+0x4f/0x7b ? exc_general_protection+0x191/0x1db ? asm_exc_general_protection+0x27/0x30 ? rtw89_fw_h2c_scan_offload_be+0xc33/0x13c3 [rtw89_core] ? rtw89_fw_h2c_scan_offload_be+0x458/0x13c3 [rtw89_core] ? __pfx_rtw89_fw_h2c_scan_offload_be+0x10/0x10 [rtw89_core] ? do_raw_spin_lock+0x75/0xdb ? __pfx_do_raw_spin_lock+0x10/0x10 rtw89_hw_scan_offload+0xb5e/0xbf7 [rtw89_core] ? _raw_spin_unlock+0xe/0x24 ? __mutex_lock.constprop.0+0x40c/0x471 ? __pfx_rtw89_hw_scan_offload+0x10/0x10 [rtw89_core] ? __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x13/0x1f ? mutex_lock+0xa2/0xdc ? __pfx_mutex_lock+0x10/0x10 rtw89_hw_scan_abort+0x58/0xb7 [rtw89_core] rtw89_ops_cancel_hw_scan+0x120/0x13b [rtw89_core] ieee80211_scan_cancel+0x468/0x4d0 [mac80211] ieee80211_prep_connection+0x858/0x899 [mac80211] ieee80211_mgd_auth+0xbea/0xdde [mac80211] ? __pfx_ieee80211_mgd_auth+0x10/0x10 [mac80211] ? cfg80211_find_elem+0x15/0x29 [cfg80211] ? is_bss+0x1b7/0x1d7 [cfg80211] ieee80211_auth+0x18/0x27 [mac80211] cfg80211_mlme_auth+0x3bb/0x3e7 [cfg80211] cfg80211_conn_do_work+0x410/0xb81 [cfg80211] ? __pfx_cfg80211_conn_do_work+0x10/0x10 [cfg80211] ? __kasan_check_read+0x11/0x1f ? psi_group_change+0x8bc/0x944 ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x22 ? mutex_lock+0x8e/0xdc ? __pfx_mutex_lock+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx___radix_tree_lookup+0x10/0x10 cfg80211_conn_work+0x245/0x34d [cfg80211] ? __pfx_cfg80211_conn_work+0x10/0x10 [cfg80211] ? update_cfs_rq_load_avg+0x3bc/0x3d7 ? sched_clock_noinstr+0x9/0x1a ? sched_clock+0x10/0x24 ? sched_clock_cpu+0x7e/0x42e ? newidle_balance+0x796/0x937 ? __pfx_sched_clock_cpu+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx_newidle_balance+0x10/0x10 ? __kasan_check_read+0x11/0x1f ? psi_group_change+0x8bc/0x944 ? _raw_spin_unlock+0xe/0x24 ? raw_spin_rq_unlock+0x47/0x54 ? raw_spin_rq_unlock_irq+0x9/0x1f ? finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x347/0x586 ? __schedule+0x27bf/0x2892 ? mutex_unlock+0x80/0xd0 ? do_raw_spin_lock+0x75/0xdb ? __pfx___schedule+0x10/0x10 process_scheduled_works+0x58c/0x821 worker_thread+0x4c7/0x586 ? __kasan_check_read+0x11/0x1f kthread+0x285/0x294 ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 ret_from_fork+0x29/0x6f ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1b/0x30 </TASK>

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21652
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.20% / 10.47%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-19 Jan, 2025 | 10:18
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
ipvlan: Fix use-after-free in ipvlan_get_iflink().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipvlan: Fix use-after-free in ipvlan_get_iflink(). syzbot presented an use-after-free report [0] regarding ipvlan and linkwatch. ipvlan does not hold a refcnt of the lower device unlike vlan and macvlan. If the linkwatch work is triggered for the ipvlan dev, the lower dev might have already been freed, resulting in UAF of ipvlan->phy_dev in ipvlan_get_iflink(). We can delay the lower dev unregistration like vlan and macvlan by holding the lower dev's refcnt in dev->netdev_ops->ndo_init() and releasing it in dev->priv_destructor(). Jakub pointed out calling .ndo_XXX after unregister_netdevice() has returned is error prone and suggested [1] addressing this UAF in the core by taking commit 750e51603395 ("net: avoid potential UAF in default_operstate()") further. Let's assume unregistering devices DOWN and use RCU protection in default_operstate() not to race with the device unregistration. [0]: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in ipvlan_get_iflink+0x84/0x88 drivers/net/ipvlan/ipvlan_main.c:353 Read of size 4 at addr ffff0000d768c0e0 by task kworker/u8:35/6944 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6944 Comm: kworker/u8:35 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc2-g9bc5c9515b48 #12 4c3cb9e8b4565456f6a355f312ff91f4f29b3c47 Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) Workqueue: events_unbound linkwatch_event Call trace: show_stack+0x38/0x50 arch/arm64/kernel/stacktrace.c:484 (C) __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0xbc/0x108 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0x16c/0x6f0 mm/kasan/report.c:489 kasan_report+0xc0/0x120 mm/kasan/report.c:602 __asan_report_load4_noabort+0x20/0x30 mm/kasan/report_generic.c:380 ipvlan_get_iflink+0x84/0x88 drivers/net/ipvlan/ipvlan_main.c:353 dev_get_iflink+0x7c/0xd8 net/core/dev.c:674 default_operstate net/core/link_watch.c:45 [inline] rfc2863_policy+0x144/0x360 net/core/link_watch.c:72 linkwatch_do_dev+0x60/0x228 net/core/link_watch.c:175 __linkwatch_run_queue+0x2f4/0x5b8 net/core/link_watch.c:239 linkwatch_event+0x64/0xa8 net/core/link_watch.c:282 process_one_work+0x700/0x1398 kernel/workqueue.c:3229 process_scheduled_works kernel/workqueue.c:3310 [inline] worker_thread+0x8c4/0xe10 kernel/workqueue.c:3391 kthread+0x2b0/0x360 kernel/kthread.c:389 ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:862 Allocated by task 9303: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x30/0x68 mm/kasan/common.c:68 kasan_save_alloc_info+0x44/0x58 mm/kasan/generic.c:568 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0x84/0xa0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:4283 [inline] __kmalloc_node_noprof+0x2a0/0x560 mm/slub.c:4289 __kvmalloc_node_noprof+0x9c/0x230 mm/util.c:650 alloc_netdev_mqs+0xb4/0x1118 net/core/dev.c:11209 rtnl_create_link+0x2b8/0xb60 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3595 rtnl_newlink_create+0x19c/0x868 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3771 __rtnl_newlink net/core/rtnetlink.c:3896 [inline] rtnl_newlink+0x122c/0x15c0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4011 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x61c/0x918 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6901 netlink_rcv_skb+0x1dc/0x398 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2542 rtnetlink_rcv+0x34/0x50 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6928 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1321 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x618/0x838 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1347 netlink_sendmsg+0x5fc/0x8b0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1891 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:711 [inline] __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:726 [inline] __sys_sendto+0x2ec/0x438 net/socket.c:2197 __do_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2204 [inline] __se_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2200 [inline] __arm64_sys_sendto+0xe4/0x110 net/socket.c:2200 __invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:35 [inline] invoke_syscall+0x90/0x278 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:49 el0_svc_common+0x13c/0x250 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:132 do_el0_svc+0x54/0x70 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:151 el ---truncated---

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21791
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.24% / 14.89%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:18
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:06
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
vrf: use RCU protection in l3mdev_l3_out()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vrf: use RCU protection in l3mdev_l3_out() l3mdev_l3_out() can be called without RCU being held: raw_sendmsg() ip_push_pending_frames() ip_send_skb() ip_local_out() __ip_local_out() l3mdev_ip_out() Add rcu_read_lock() / rcu_read_unlock() pair to avoid a potential UAF.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21756
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.84% / 53.48%
||
7 Day CHG+0.02%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:18
Updated-12 May, 2026 | 13:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
vsock: Keep the binding until socket destruction

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vsock: Keep the binding until socket destruction Preserve sockets bindings; this includes both resulting from an explicit bind() and those implicitly bound through autobind during connect(). Prevents socket unbinding during a transport reassignment, which fixes a use-after-free: 1. vsock_create() (refcnt=1) calls vsock_insert_unbound() (refcnt=2) 2. transport->release() calls vsock_remove_bound() without checking if sk was bound and moved to bound list (refcnt=1) 3. vsock_bind() assumes sk is in unbound list and before __vsock_insert_bound(vsock_bound_sockets()) calls __vsock_remove_bound() which does: list_del_init(&vsk->bound_table); // nop sock_put(&vsk->sk); // refcnt=0 BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __vsock_bind+0x62e/0x730 Read of size 4 at addr ffff88816b46a74c by task a.out/2057 dump_stack_lvl+0x68/0x90 print_report+0x174/0x4f6 kasan_report+0xb9/0x190 __vsock_bind+0x62e/0x730 vsock_bind+0x97/0xe0 __sys_bind+0x154/0x1f0 __x64_sys_bind+0x6e/0xb0 do_syscall_64+0x93/0x1b0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e Allocated by task 2057: kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40 kasan_save_track+0x10/0x30 __kasan_slab_alloc+0x85/0x90 kmem_cache_alloc_noprof+0x131/0x450 sk_prot_alloc+0x5b/0x220 sk_alloc+0x2c/0x870 __vsock_create.constprop.0+0x2e/0xb60 vsock_create+0xe4/0x420 __sock_create+0x241/0x650 __sys_socket+0xf2/0x1a0 __x64_sys_socket+0x6e/0xb0 do_syscall_64+0x93/0x1b0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e Freed by task 2057: kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40 kasan_save_track+0x10/0x30 kasan_save_free_info+0x37/0x60 __kasan_slab_free+0x4b/0x70 kmem_cache_free+0x1a1/0x590 __sk_destruct+0x388/0x5a0 __vsock_bind+0x5e1/0x730 vsock_bind+0x97/0xe0 __sys_bind+0x154/0x1f0 __x64_sys_bind+0x6e/0xb0 do_syscall_64+0x93/0x1b0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 2057 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xce/0x150 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xce/0x150 __vsock_bind+0x66d/0x730 vsock_bind+0x97/0xe0 __sys_bind+0x154/0x1f0 __x64_sys_bind+0x6e/0xb0 do_syscall_64+0x93/0x1b0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 2057 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xee/0x150 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xee/0x150 vsock_remove_bound+0x187/0x1e0 __vsock_release+0x383/0x4a0 vsock_release+0x90/0x120 __sock_release+0xa3/0x250 sock_close+0x14/0x20 __fput+0x359/0xa80 task_work_run+0x107/0x1d0 do_exit+0x847/0x2560 do_group_exit+0xb8/0x250 __x64_sys_exit_group+0x3a/0x50 x64_sys_call+0xfec/0x14f0 do_syscall_64+0x93/0x1b0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Siemens AGLinux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinuxSIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFPSIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFPSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystemSIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2022-49910
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.19% / 8.63%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-01 May, 2025 | 14:10
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 19:09
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix use-after-free caused by l2cap_reassemble_sdu

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix use-after-free caused by l2cap_reassemble_sdu Fix the race condition between the following two flows that run in parallel: 1. l2cap_reassemble_sdu -> chan->ops->recv (l2cap_sock_recv_cb) -> __sock_queue_rcv_skb. 2. bt_sock_recvmsg -> skb_recv_datagram, skb_free_datagram. An SKB can be queued by the first flow and immediately dequeued and freed by the second flow, therefore the callers of l2cap_reassemble_sdu can't use the SKB after that function returns. However, some places continue accessing struct l2cap_ctrl that resides in the SKB's CB for a short time after l2cap_reassemble_sdu returns, leading to a use-after-free condition (the stack trace is below, line numbers for kernel 5.19.8). Fix it by keeping a local copy of struct l2cap_ctrl. BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in l2cap_rx_state_recv (net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:6906) bluetooth Read of size 1 at addr ffff88812025f2f0 by task kworker/u17:3/43169 Workqueue: hci0 hci_rx_work [bluetooth] Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl (lib/dump_stack.c:107 (discriminator 4)) print_report.cold (mm/kasan/report.c:314 mm/kasan/report.c:429) ? l2cap_rx_state_recv (net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:6906) bluetooth kasan_report (mm/kasan/report.c:162 mm/kasan/report.c:493) ? l2cap_rx_state_recv (net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:6906) bluetooth l2cap_rx_state_recv (net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:6906) bluetooth l2cap_rx (net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:7236 net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:7271) bluetooth ret_from_fork (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:306) </TASK> Allocated by task 43169: kasan_save_stack (mm/kasan/common.c:39) __kasan_slab_alloc (mm/kasan/common.c:45 mm/kasan/common.c:436 mm/kasan/common.c:469) kmem_cache_alloc_node (mm/slab.h:750 mm/slub.c:3243 mm/slub.c:3293) __alloc_skb (net/core/skbuff.c:414) l2cap_recv_frag (./include/net/bluetooth/bluetooth.h:425 net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:8329) bluetooth l2cap_recv_acldata (net/bluetooth/l2cap_core.c:8442) bluetooth hci_rx_work (net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:3642 net/bluetooth/hci_core.c:3832) bluetooth process_one_work (kernel/workqueue.c:2289) worker_thread (./include/linux/list.h:292 kernel/workqueue.c:2437) kthread (kernel/kthread.c:376) ret_from_fork (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:306) Freed by task 27920: kasan_save_stack (mm/kasan/common.c:39) kasan_set_track (mm/kasan/common.c:45) kasan_set_free_info (mm/kasan/generic.c:372) ____kasan_slab_free (mm/kasan/common.c:368 mm/kasan/common.c:328) slab_free_freelist_hook (mm/slub.c:1780) kmem_cache_free (mm/slub.c:3536 mm/slub.c:3553) skb_free_datagram (./include/net/sock.h:1578 ./include/net/sock.h:1639 net/core/datagram.c:323) bt_sock_recvmsg (net/bluetooth/af_bluetooth.c:295) bluetooth l2cap_sock_recvmsg (net/bluetooth/l2cap_sock.c:1212) bluetooth sock_read_iter (net/socket.c:1087) new_sync_read (./include/linux/fs.h:2052 fs/read_write.c:401) vfs_read (fs/read_write.c:482) ksys_read (fs/read_write.c:620) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80) entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:120)

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21786
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.22% / 12.40%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:18
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:06
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
workqueue: Put the pwq after detaching the rescuer from the pool

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: workqueue: Put the pwq after detaching the rescuer from the pool The commit 68f83057b913("workqueue: Reap workers via kthread_stop() and remove detach_completion") adds code to reap the normal workers but mistakenly does not handle the rescuer and also removes the code waiting for the rescuer in put_unbound_pool(), which caused a use-after-free bug reported by Cheung Wall. To avoid the use-after-free bug, the pool’s reference must be held until the detachment is complete. Therefore, move the code that puts the pwq after detaching the rescuer from the pool.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21727
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.20% / 9.94%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:07
Updated-12 May, 2026 | 13:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
padata: fix UAF in padata_reorder

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: padata: fix UAF in padata_reorder A bug was found when run ltp test: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in padata_find_next+0x29/0x1a0 Read of size 4 at addr ffff88bbfe003524 by task kworker/u113:2/3039206 CPU: 0 PID: 3039206 Comm: kworker/u113:2 Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.6.0+ Workqueue: pdecrypt_parallel padata_parallel_worker Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x32/0x50 print_address_description.constprop.0+0x6b/0x3d0 print_report+0xdd/0x2c0 kasan_report+0xa5/0xd0 padata_find_next+0x29/0x1a0 padata_reorder+0x131/0x220 padata_parallel_worker+0x3d/0xc0 process_one_work+0x2ec/0x5a0 If 'mdelay(10)' is added before calling 'padata_find_next' in the 'padata_reorder' function, this issue could be reproduced easily with ltp test (pcrypt_aead01). This can be explained as bellow: pcrypt_aead_encrypt ... padata_do_parallel refcount_inc(&pd->refcnt); // add refcnt ... padata_do_serial padata_reorder // pd while (1) { padata_find_next(pd, true); // using pd queue_work_on ... padata_serial_worker crypto_del_alg padata_put_pd_cnt // sub refcnt padata_free_shell padata_put_pd(ps->pd); // pd is freed // loop again, but pd is freed // call padata_find_next, UAF } In the padata_reorder function, when it loops in 'while', if the alg is deleted, the refcnt may be decreased to 0 before entering 'padata_find_next', which leads to UAF. As mentioned in [1], do_serial is supposed to be called with BHs disabled and always happen under RCU protection, to address this issue, add synchronize_rcu() in 'padata_free_shell' wait for all _do_serial calls to finish. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20221028160401.cccypv4euxikusiq@parnassus.localdomain/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-kernel/jfjz5d7zwbytztackem7ibzalm5lnxldi2eofeiczqmqs2m7o6@fq426cwnjtkm/

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Siemens AGLinux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinuxSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21797
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.21% / 11.21%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:18
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:06
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
HID: corsair-void: Add missing delayed work cancel for headset status

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: corsair-void: Add missing delayed work cancel for headset status The cancel_delayed_work_sync() call was missed, causing a use-after-free in corsair_void_remove().

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21929
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.19% / 9.15%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-01 Apr, 2025 | 15:40
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:09
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
HID: intel-ish-hid: Fix use-after-free issue in hid_ishtp_cl_remove()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: intel-ish-hid: Fix use-after-free issue in hid_ishtp_cl_remove() During the `rmmod` operation for the `intel_ishtp_hid` driver, a use-after-free issue can occur in the hid_ishtp_cl_remove() function. The function hid_ishtp_cl_deinit() is called before ishtp_hid_remove(), which can lead to accessing freed memory or resources during the removal process. Call Trace: ? ishtp_cl_send+0x168/0x220 [intel_ishtp] ? hid_output_report+0xe3/0x150 [hid] hid_ishtp_set_feature+0xb5/0x120 [intel_ishtp_hid] ishtp_hid_request+0x7b/0xb0 [intel_ishtp_hid] hid_hw_request+0x1f/0x40 [hid] sensor_hub_set_feature+0x11f/0x190 [hid_sensor_hub] _hid_sensor_power_state+0x147/0x1e0 [hid_sensor_trigger] hid_sensor_runtime_resume+0x22/0x30 [hid_sensor_trigger] sensor_hub_remove+0xa8/0xe0 [hid_sensor_hub] hid_device_remove+0x49/0xb0 [hid] hid_destroy_device+0x6f/0x90 [hid] ishtp_hid_remove+0x42/0x70 [intel_ishtp_hid] hid_ishtp_cl_remove+0x6b/0xb0 [intel_ishtp_hid] ishtp_cl_device_remove+0x4a/0x60 [intel_ishtp] ... Additionally, ishtp_hid_remove() is a HID level power off, which should occur before the ISHTP level disconnect. This patch resolves the issue by reordering the calls in hid_ishtp_cl_remove(). The function ishtp_hid_remove() is now called before hid_ishtp_cl_deinit().

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21858
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.23% / 13.38%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-12 Mar, 2025 | 09:42
Updated-12 May, 2026 | 13:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
geneve: Fix use-after-free in geneve_find_dev().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: geneve: Fix use-after-free in geneve_find_dev(). syzkaller reported a use-after-free in geneve_find_dev() [0] without repro. geneve_configure() links struct geneve_dev.next to net_generic(net, geneve_net_id)->geneve_list. The net here could differ from dev_net(dev) if IFLA_NET_NS_PID, IFLA_NET_NS_FD, or IFLA_TARGET_NETNSID is set. When dev_net(dev) is dismantled, geneve_exit_batch_rtnl() finally calls unregister_netdevice_queue() for each dev in the netns, and later the dev is freed. However, its geneve_dev.next is still linked to the backend UDP socket netns. Then, use-after-free will occur when another geneve dev is created in the netns. Let's call geneve_dellink() instead in geneve_destroy_tunnels(). [0]: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in geneve_find_dev drivers/net/geneve.c:1295 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in geneve_configure+0x234/0x858 drivers/net/geneve.c:1343 Read of size 2 at addr ffff000054d6ee24 by task syz.1.4029/13441 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 13441 Comm: syz.1.4029 Not tainted 6.13.0-g0ad9617c78ac #24 dc35ca22c79fb82e8e7bc5c9c9adafea898b1e3d Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) Call trace: show_stack+0x38/0x50 arch/arm64/kernel/stacktrace.c:466 (C) __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0xbc/0x108 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0x16c/0x6f0 mm/kasan/report.c:489 kasan_report+0xc0/0x120 mm/kasan/report.c:602 __asan_report_load2_noabort+0x20/0x30 mm/kasan/report_generic.c:379 geneve_find_dev drivers/net/geneve.c:1295 [inline] geneve_configure+0x234/0x858 drivers/net/geneve.c:1343 geneve_newlink+0xb8/0x128 drivers/net/geneve.c:1634 rtnl_newlink_create+0x23c/0x868 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3795 __rtnl_newlink net/core/rtnetlink.c:3906 [inline] rtnl_newlink+0x1054/0x1630 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4021 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x61c/0x918 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6911 netlink_rcv_skb+0x1dc/0x398 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2543 rtnetlink_rcv+0x34/0x50 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6938 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1322 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x618/0x838 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1348 netlink_sendmsg+0x5fc/0x8b0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1892 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:713 [inline] __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:728 [inline] ____sys_sendmsg+0x410/0x6f8 net/socket.c:2568 ___sys_sendmsg+0x178/0x1d8 net/socket.c:2622 __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2654 [inline] __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2659 [inline] __se_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2657 [inline] __arm64_sys_sendmsg+0x12c/0x1c8 net/socket.c:2657 __invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:35 [inline] invoke_syscall+0x90/0x278 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:49 el0_svc_common+0x13c/0x250 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:132 do_el0_svc+0x54/0x70 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:151 el0_svc+0x4c/0xa8 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:744 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x78/0x108 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:762 el0t_64_sync+0x198/0x1a0 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:600 Allocated by task 13247: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x30/0x68 mm/kasan/common.c:68 kasan_save_alloc_info+0x44/0x58 mm/kasan/generic.c:568 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0x84/0xa0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:4298 [inline] __kmalloc_node_noprof+0x2a0/0x560 mm/slub.c:4304 __kvmalloc_node_noprof+0x9c/0x230 mm/util.c:645 alloc_netdev_mqs+0xb8/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:11470 rtnl_create_link+0x2b8/0xb50 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3604 rtnl_newlink_create+0x19c/0x868 net/core/rtnetlink.c:3780 __rtnl_newlink net/core/rtnetlink.c:3906 [inline] rtnl_newlink+0x1054/0x1630 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4021 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x61c/0x918 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6911 netlink_rcv_skb+0x1dc/0x398 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2543 rtnetlink_rcv+0x34/0x50 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6938 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_n ---truncated---

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Siemens AGLinux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinuxSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21879
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.19% / 8.96%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-27 Mar, 2025 | 14:57
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:08
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
btrfs: fix use-after-free on inode when scanning root during em shrinking

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix use-after-free on inode when scanning root during em shrinking At btrfs_scan_root() we are accessing the inode's root (and fs_info) in a call to btrfs_fs_closing() after we have scheduled the inode for a delayed iput, and that can result in a use-after-free on the inode in case the cleaner kthread does the iput before we dereference the inode in the call to btrfs_fs_closing(). Fix this by using the fs_info stored already in a local variable instead of doing inode->root->fs_info.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21945
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.19% / 9.30%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-01 Apr, 2025 | 15:41
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:09
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
ksmbd: fix use-after-free in smb2_lock

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix use-after-free in smb2_lock If smb_lock->zero_len has value, ->llist of smb_lock is not delete and flock is old one. It will cause use-after-free on error handling routine.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21893
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.18% / 7.96%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-31 Mar, 2025 | 19:41
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:08
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
keys: Fix UAF in key_put()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: keys: Fix UAF in key_put() Once a key's reference count has been reduced to 0, the garbage collector thread may destroy it at any time and so key_put() is not allowed to touch the key after that point. The most key_put() is normally allowed to do is to touch key_gc_work as that's a static global variable. However, in an effort to speed up the reclamation of quota, this is now done in key_put() once the key's usage is reduced to 0 - but now the code is looking at the key after the deadline, which is forbidden. Fix this by using a flag to indicate that a key can be gc'd now rather than looking at the key's refcount in the garbage collector.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-Linux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2022-49696
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.28% / 19.77%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-26 Feb, 2025 | 02:24
Updated-23 May, 2026 | 15:22
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
tipc: fix use-after-free Read in tipc_named_reinit

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tipc: fix use-after-free Read in tipc_named_reinit syzbot found the following issue on: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in tipc_named_reinit+0x94f/0x9b0 net/tipc/name_distr.c:413 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88805299a000 by task kworker/1:9/23764 CPU: 1 PID: 23764 Comm: kworker/1:9 Not tainted 5.18.0-rc4-syzkaller-00878-g17d49e6e8012 #0 Hardware name: Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/01/2011 Workqueue: events tipc_net_finalize_work Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0xcd/0x134 lib/dump_stack.c:106 print_address_description.constprop.0.cold+0xeb/0x495 mm/kasan/report.c:313 print_report mm/kasan/report.c:429 [inline] kasan_report.cold+0xf4/0x1c6 mm/kasan/report.c:491 tipc_named_reinit+0x94f/0x9b0 net/tipc/name_distr.c:413 tipc_net_finalize+0x234/0x3d0 net/tipc/net.c:138 process_one_work+0x996/0x1610 kernel/workqueue.c:2289 worker_thread+0x665/0x1080 kernel/workqueue.c:2436 kthread+0x2e9/0x3a0 kernel/kthread.c:376 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:298 </TASK> [...] ================================================================== In the commit d966ddcc3821 ("tipc: fix a deadlock when flushing scheduled work"), the cancel_work_sync() function just to make sure ONLY the work tipc_net_finalize_work() is executing/pending on any CPU completed before tipc namespace is destroyed through tipc_exit_net(). But this function is not guaranteed the work is the last queued. So, the destroyed instance may be accessed in the work which will try to enqueue later. In order to completely fix, we re-order the calling of cancel_work_sync() to make sure the work tipc_net_finalize_work() was last queued and it must be completed by calling cancel_work_sync().

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2022-48912
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.23% / 13.34%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Aug, 2024 | 01:31
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 18:49
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
netfilter: fix use-after-free in __nf_register_net_hook()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: fix use-after-free in __nf_register_net_hook() We must not dereference @new_hooks after nf_hook_mutex has been released, because other threads might have freed our allocated hooks already. BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in nf_hook_entries_get_hook_ops include/linux/netfilter.h:130 [inline] BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in hooks_validate net/netfilter/core.c:171 [inline] BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in __nf_register_net_hook+0x77a/0x820 net/netfilter/core.c:438 Read of size 2 at addr ffff88801c1a8000 by task syz-executor237/4430 CPU: 1 PID: 4430 Comm: syz-executor237 Not tainted 5.17.0-rc5-syzkaller-00306-g2293be58d6a1 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/01/2011 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0xcd/0x134 lib/dump_stack.c:106 print_address_description.constprop.0.cold+0x8d/0x336 mm/kasan/report.c:255 __kasan_report mm/kasan/report.c:442 [inline] kasan_report.cold+0x83/0xdf mm/kasan/report.c:459 nf_hook_entries_get_hook_ops include/linux/netfilter.h:130 [inline] hooks_validate net/netfilter/core.c:171 [inline] __nf_register_net_hook+0x77a/0x820 net/netfilter/core.c:438 nf_register_net_hook+0x114/0x170 net/netfilter/core.c:571 nf_register_net_hooks+0x59/0xc0 net/netfilter/core.c:587 nf_synproxy_ipv6_init+0x85/0xe0 net/netfilter/nf_synproxy_core.c:1218 synproxy_tg6_check+0x30d/0x560 net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6t_SYNPROXY.c:81 xt_check_target+0x26c/0x9e0 net/netfilter/x_tables.c:1038 check_target net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6_tables.c:530 [inline] find_check_entry.constprop.0+0x7f1/0x9e0 net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6_tables.c:573 translate_table+0xc8b/0x1750 net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6_tables.c:735 do_replace net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6_tables.c:1153 [inline] do_ip6t_set_ctl+0x56e/0xb90 net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6_tables.c:1639 nf_setsockopt+0x83/0xe0 net/netfilter/nf_sockopt.c:101 ipv6_setsockopt+0x122/0x180 net/ipv6/ipv6_sockglue.c:1024 rawv6_setsockopt+0xd3/0x6a0 net/ipv6/raw.c:1084 __sys_setsockopt+0x2db/0x610 net/socket.c:2180 __do_sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:2191 [inline] __se_sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:2188 [inline] __x64_sys_setsockopt+0xba/0x150 net/socket.c:2188 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x35/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae RIP: 0033:0x7f65a1ace7d9 Code: 28 00 00 00 75 05 48 83 c4 28 c3 e8 71 15 00 00 90 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 b8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f65a1a7f308 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000036 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000006 RCX: 00007f65a1ace7d9 RDX: 0000000000000040 RSI: 0000000000000029 RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 00007f65a1b574c8 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000020000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007f65a1b55130 R13: 00007f65a1b574c0 R14: 00007f65a1b24090 R15: 0000000000022000 </TASK> The buggy address belongs to the page: page:ffffea0000706a00 refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x1c1a8 flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff) raw: 00fff00000000000 ffffea0001c1b108 ffffea000046dd08 0000000000000000 raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected page_owner tracks the page as freed page last allocated via order 2, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x52dc0(GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_NOWARN|__GFP_NORETRY|__GFP_COMP|__GFP_ZERO), pid 4430, ts 1061781545818, free_ts 1061791488993 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:2434 [inline] get_page_from_freelist+0xa72/0x2f50 mm/page_alloc.c:4165 __alloc_pages+0x1b2/0x500 mm/page_alloc.c:5389 __alloc_pages_node include/linux/gfp.h:572 [inline] alloc_pages_node include/linux/gfp.h:595 [inline] kmalloc_large_node+0x62/0x130 mm/slub.c:4438 __kmalloc_node+0x35a/0x4a0 mm/slub. ---truncated---

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21867
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.18% / 7.99%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-27 Mar, 2025 | 13:38
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:08
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
bpf, test_run: Fix use-after-free issue in eth_skb_pkt_type()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf, test_run: Fix use-after-free issue in eth_skb_pkt_type() KMSAN reported a use-after-free issue in eth_skb_pkt_type()[1]. The cause of the issue was that eth_skb_pkt_type() accessed skb's data that didn't contain an Ethernet header. This occurs when bpf_prog_test_run_xdp() passes an invalid value as the user_data argument to bpf_test_init(). Fix this by returning an error when user_data is less than ETH_HLEN in bpf_test_init(). Additionally, remove the check for "if (user_size > size)" as it is unnecessary. [1] BUG: KMSAN: use-after-free in eth_skb_pkt_type include/linux/etherdevice.h:627 [inline] BUG: KMSAN: use-after-free in eth_type_trans+0x4ee/0x980 net/ethernet/eth.c:165 eth_skb_pkt_type include/linux/etherdevice.h:627 [inline] eth_type_trans+0x4ee/0x980 net/ethernet/eth.c:165 __xdp_build_skb_from_frame+0x5a8/0xa50 net/core/xdp.c:635 xdp_recv_frames net/bpf/test_run.c:272 [inline] xdp_test_run_batch net/bpf/test_run.c:361 [inline] bpf_test_run_xdp_live+0x2954/0x3330 net/bpf/test_run.c:390 bpf_prog_test_run_xdp+0x148e/0x1b10 net/bpf/test_run.c:1318 bpf_prog_test_run+0x5b7/0xa30 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:4371 __sys_bpf+0x6a6/0xe20 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5777 __do_sys_bpf kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5866 [inline] __se_sys_bpf kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5864 [inline] __x64_sys_bpf+0xa4/0xf0 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:5864 x64_sys_call+0x2ea0/0x3d90 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:322 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xd9/0x1d0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Uninit was created at: free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1056 [inline] free_unref_page+0x156/0x1320 mm/page_alloc.c:2657 __free_pages+0xa3/0x1b0 mm/page_alloc.c:4838 bpf_ringbuf_free kernel/bpf/ringbuf.c:226 [inline] ringbuf_map_free+0xff/0x1e0 kernel/bpf/ringbuf.c:235 bpf_map_free kernel/bpf/syscall.c:838 [inline] bpf_map_free_deferred+0x17c/0x310 kernel/bpf/syscall.c:862 process_one_work kernel/workqueue.c:3229 [inline] process_scheduled_works+0xa2b/0x1b60 kernel/workqueue.c:3310 worker_thread+0xedf/0x1550 kernel/workqueue.c:3391 kthread+0x535/0x6b0 kernel/kthread.c:389 ret_from_fork+0x6e/0x90 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:244 CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 17276 Comm: syz.1.16450 Not tainted 6.12.0-05490-g9bb88c659673 #8 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-3.fc41 04/01/2014

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-22035
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.23% / 14.02%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-16 Apr, 2025 | 14:11
Updated-23 May, 2026 | 15:57
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
tracing: Fix use-after-free in print_graph_function_flags during tracer switching

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing: Fix use-after-free in print_graph_function_flags during tracer switching Kairui reported a UAF issue in print_graph_function_flags() during ftrace stress testing [1]. This issue can be reproduced if puting a 'mdelay(10)' after 'mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock)' in s_start(), and executing the following script: $ echo function_graph > current_tracer $ cat trace > /dev/null & $ sleep 5 # Ensure the 'cat' reaches the 'mdelay(10)' point $ echo timerlat > current_tracer The root cause lies in the two calls to print_graph_function_flags within print_trace_line during each s_show(): * One through 'iter->trace->print_line()'; * Another through 'event->funcs->trace()', which is hidden in print_trace_fmt() before print_trace_line returns. Tracer switching only updates the former, while the latter continues to use the print_line function of the old tracer, which in the script above is print_graph_function_flags. Moreover, when switching from the 'function_graph' tracer to the 'timerlat' tracer, s_start only calls graph_trace_close of the 'function_graph' tracer to free 'iter->private', but does not set it to NULL. This provides an opportunity for 'event->funcs->trace()' to use an invalid 'iter->private'. To fix this issue, set 'iter->private' to NULL immediately after freeing it in graph_trace_close(), ensuring that an invalid pointer is not passed to other tracers. Additionally, clean up the unnecessary 'iter->private = NULL' during each 'cat trace' when using wakeup and irqsoff tracers. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20231112150030.84609-1-ryncsn@gmail.com/

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21753
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.23% / 13.88%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:12
Updated-12 May, 2026 | 13:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
btrfs: fix use-after-free when attempting to join an aborted transaction

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix use-after-free when attempting to join an aborted transaction When we are trying to join the current transaction and if it's aborted, we read its 'aborted' field after unlocking fs_info->trans_lock and without holding any extra reference count on it. This means that a concurrent task that is aborting the transaction may free the transaction before we read its 'aborted' field, leading to a use-after-free. Fix this by reading the 'aborted' field while holding fs_info->trans_lock since any freeing task must first acquire that lock and set fs_info->running_transaction to NULL before freeing the transaction. This was reported by syzbot and Dmitry with the following stack traces from KASAN: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in join_transaction+0xd9b/0xda0 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:278 Read of size 4 at addr ffff888011839024 by task kworker/u4:9/1128 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1128 Comm: kworker/u4:9 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc7-syzkaller-00019-gc45323b7560e #0 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2~bpo12+1 04/01/2014 Workqueue: events_unbound btrfs_async_reclaim_data_space Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:489 kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:602 join_transaction+0xd9b/0xda0 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:278 start_transaction+0xaf8/0x1670 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:697 flush_space+0x448/0xcf0 fs/btrfs/space-info.c:803 btrfs_async_reclaim_data_space+0x159/0x510 fs/btrfs/space-info.c:1321 process_one_work kernel/workqueue.c:3236 [inline] process_scheduled_works+0xa66/0x1840 kernel/workqueue.c:3317 worker_thread+0x870/0xd30 kernel/workqueue.c:3398 kthread+0x2f0/0x390 kernel/kthread.c:389 ret_from_fork+0x4b/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:244 </TASK> Allocated by task 5315: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3f/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0x98/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x243/0x390 mm/slub.c:4329 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:901 [inline] join_transaction+0x144/0xda0 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:308 start_transaction+0xaf8/0x1670 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:697 btrfs_create_common+0x1b2/0x2e0 fs/btrfs/inode.c:6572 lookup_open fs/namei.c:3649 [inline] open_last_lookups fs/namei.c:3748 [inline] path_openat+0x1c03/0x3590 fs/namei.c:3984 do_filp_open+0x27f/0x4e0 fs/namei.c:4014 do_sys_openat2+0x13e/0x1d0 fs/open.c:1402 do_sys_open fs/open.c:1417 [inline] __do_sys_creat fs/open.c:1495 [inline] __se_sys_creat fs/open.c:1489 [inline] __x64_sys_creat+0x123/0x170 fs/open.c:1489 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Freed by task 5336: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3f/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 kasan_save_free_info+0x40/0x50 mm/kasan/generic.c:582 poison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:247 [inline] __kasan_slab_free+0x59/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:264 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:233 [inline] slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:2353 [inline] slab_free mm/slub.c:4613 [inline] kfree+0x196/0x430 mm/slub.c:4761 cleanup_transaction fs/btrfs/transaction.c:2063 [inline] btrfs_commit_transaction+0x2c97/0x3720 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:2598 insert_balance_item+0x1284/0x20b0 fs/btrfs/volumes.c:3757 btrfs_balance+0x992/ ---truncated---

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Siemens AGLinux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinuxSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2022-49236
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.26% / 17.16%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-26 Feb, 2025 | 01:56
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 18:55
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
bpf: Fix UAF due to race between btf_try_get_module and load_module

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix UAF due to race between btf_try_get_module and load_module While working on code to populate kfunc BTF ID sets for module BTF from its initcall, I noticed that by the time the initcall is invoked, the module BTF can already be seen by userspace (and the BPF verifier). The existing btf_try_get_module calls try_module_get which only fails if mod->state == MODULE_STATE_GOING, i.e. it can increment module reference when module initcall is happening in parallel. Currently, BTF parsing happens from MODULE_STATE_COMING notifier callback. At this point, the module initcalls have not been invoked. The notifier callback parses and prepares the module BTF, allocates an ID, which publishes it to userspace, and then adds it to the btf_modules list allowing the kernel to invoke btf_try_get_module for the BTF. However, at this point, the module has not been fully initialized (i.e. its initcalls have not finished). The code in module.c can still fail and free the module, without caring for other users. However, nothing stops btf_try_get_module from succeeding between the state transition from MODULE_STATE_COMING to MODULE_STATE_LIVE. This leads to a use-after-free issue when BPF program loads successfully in the state transition, load_module's do_init_module call fails and frees the module, and BPF program fd on close calls module_put for the freed module. Future patch has test case to verify we don't regress in this area in future. There are multiple points after prepare_coming_module (in load_module) where failure can occur and module loading can return error. We illustrate and test for the race using the last point where it can practically occur (in module __init function). An illustration of the race: CPU 0 CPU 1 load_module notifier_call(MODULE_STATE_COMING) btf_parse_module btf_alloc_id // Published to userspace list_add(&btf_mod->list, btf_modules) mod->init(...) ... ^ bpf_check | check_pseudo_btf_id | btf_try_get_module | returns true | ... ... | module __init in progress return prog_fd | ... ... V if (ret < 0) free_module(mod) ... close(prog_fd) ... bpf_prog_free_deferred module_put(used_btf.mod) // use-after-free We fix this issue by setting a flag BTF_MODULE_F_LIVE, from the notifier callback when MODULE_STATE_LIVE state is reached for the module, so that we return NULL from btf_try_get_module for modules that are not fully formed. Since try_module_get already checks that module is not in MODULE_STATE_GOING state, and that is the only transition a live module can make before being removed from btf_modules list, this is enough to close the race and prevent the bug. A later selftest patch crafts the race condition artifically to verify that it has been fixed, and that verifier fails to load program (with ENXIO). Lastly, a couple of comments: 1. Even if this race didn't exist, it seems more appropriate to only access resources (ksyms and kfuncs) of a fully formed module which has been initialized completely. 2. This patch was born out of need for synchronization against module initcall for the next patch, so it is needed for correctness even without the aforementioned race condition. The BTF resources initialized by module initcall are set up once and then only looked up, so just waiting until the initcall has finished ensures correct behavior.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21967
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.18% / 7.75%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-01 Apr, 2025 | 15:47
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:10
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
ksmbd: fix use-after-free in ksmbd_free_work_struct

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix use-after-free in ksmbd_free_work_struct ->interim_entry of ksmbd_work could be deleted after oplock is freed. We don't need to manage it with linked list. The interim request could be immediately sent whenever a oplock break wait is needed.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21999
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.18% / 7.67%
||
7 Day CHG-0.00%
Published-03 Apr, 2025 | 07:19
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:10
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
proc: fix UAF in proc_get_inode()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: proc: fix UAF in proc_get_inode() Fix race between rmmod and /proc/XXX's inode instantiation. The bug is that pde->proc_ops don't belong to /proc, it belongs to a module, therefore dereferencing it after /proc entry has been registered is a bug unless use_pde/unuse_pde() pair has been used. use_pde/unuse_pde can be avoided (2 atomic ops!) because pde->proc_ops never changes so information necessary for inode instantiation can be saved _before_ proc_register() in PDE itself and used later, avoiding pde->proc_ops->... dereference. rmmod lookup sys_delete_module proc_lookup_de pde_get(de); proc_get_inode(dir->i_sb, de); mod->exit() proc_remove remove_proc_subtree proc_entry_rundown(de); free_module(mod); if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) if (de->proc_ops->proc_read_iter) --> As module is already freed, will trigger UAF BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: fffffbfff80a702b PGD 817fc4067 P4D 817fc4067 PUD 817fc0067 PMD 102ef4067 PTE 0 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN PTI CPU: 26 UID: 0 PID: 2667 Comm: ls Tainted: G Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996) RIP: 0010:proc_get_inode+0x302/0x6e0 RSP: 0018:ffff88811c837998 EFLAGS: 00010a06 RAX: dffffc0000000000 RBX: ffffffffc0538140 RCX: 0000000000000007 RDX: 1ffffffff80a702b RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffffffffc0538158 RBP: ffff8881299a6000 R08: 0000000067bbe1e5 R09: 1ffff11023906f20 R10: ffffffffb560ca07 R11: ffffffffb2b43a58 R12: ffff888105bb78f0 R13: ffff888100518048 R14: ffff8881299a6004 R15: 0000000000000001 FS: 00007f95b9686840(0000) GS:ffff8883af100000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: fffffbfff80a702b CR3: 0000000117dd2000 CR4: 00000000000006f0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: <TASK> proc_lookup_de+0x11f/0x2e0 __lookup_slow+0x188/0x350 walk_component+0x2ab/0x4f0 path_lookupat+0x120/0x660 filename_lookup+0x1ce/0x560 vfs_statx+0xac/0x150 __do_sys_newstat+0x96/0x110 do_syscall_64+0x5f/0x170 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e [adobriyan@gmail.com: don't do 2 atomic ops on the common path]

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21726
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.21% / 11.20%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:07
Updated-23 May, 2026 | 15:57
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
padata: avoid UAF for reorder_work

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: padata: avoid UAF for reorder_work Although the previous patch can avoid ps and ps UAF for _do_serial, it can not avoid potential UAF issue for reorder_work. This issue can happen just as below: crypto_request crypto_request crypto_del_alg padata_do_serial ... padata_reorder // processes all remaining // requests then breaks while (1) { if (!padata) break; ... } padata_do_serial // new request added list_add // sees the new request queue_work(reorder_work) padata_reorder queue_work_on(squeue->work) ... <kworker context> padata_serial_worker // completes new request, // no more outstanding // requests crypto_del_alg // free pd <kworker context> invoke_padata_reorder // UAF of pd To avoid UAF for 'reorder_work', get 'pd' ref before put 'reorder_work' into the 'serial_wq' and put 'pd' ref until the 'serial_wq' finish.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, IncSiemens AG
Product-linux_kernelLinuxSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21887
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.18% / 7.94%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-27 Mar, 2025 | 14:57
Updated-23 May, 2026 | 15:57
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
ovl: fix UAF in ovl_dentry_update_reval by moving dput() in ovl_link_up

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ovl: fix UAF in ovl_dentry_update_reval by moving dput() in ovl_link_up The issue was caused by dput(upper) being called before ovl_dentry_update_reval(), while upper->d_flags was still accessed in ovl_dentry_remote(). Move dput(upper) after its last use to prevent use-after-free. BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in ovl_dentry_remote fs/overlayfs/util.c:162 [inline] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in ovl_dentry_update_reval+0xd2/0xf0 fs/overlayfs/util.c:167 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:114 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:377 [inline] print_report+0xc3/0x620 mm/kasan/report.c:488 kasan_report+0xd9/0x110 mm/kasan/report.c:601 ovl_dentry_remote fs/overlayfs/util.c:162 [inline] ovl_dentry_update_reval+0xd2/0xf0 fs/overlayfs/util.c:167 ovl_link_up fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c:610 [inline] ovl_copy_up_one+0x2105/0x3490 fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c:1170 ovl_copy_up_flags+0x18d/0x200 fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c:1223 ovl_rename+0x39e/0x18c0 fs/overlayfs/dir.c:1136 vfs_rename+0xf84/0x20a0 fs/namei.c:4893 ... </TASK>

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-22126
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.16% / 5.88%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-16 Apr, 2025 | 14:13
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:13
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
md: fix mddev uaf while iterating all_mddevs list

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md: fix mddev uaf while iterating all_mddevs list While iterating all_mddevs list from md_notify_reboot() and md_exit(), list_for_each_entry_safe is used, and this can race with deletint the next mddev, causing UAF: t1: spin_lock //list_for_each_entry_safe(mddev, n, ...) mddev_get(mddev1) // assume mddev2 is the next entry spin_unlock t2: //remove mddev2 ... mddev_free spin_lock list_del spin_unlock kfree(mddev2) mddev_put(mddev1) spin_lock //continue dereference mddev2->all_mddevs The old helper for_each_mddev() actually grab the reference of mddev2 while holding the lock, to prevent from being freed. This problem can be fixed the same way, however, the code will be complex. Hence switch to use list_for_each_entry, in this case mddev_put() can free the mddev1 and it's not safe as well. Refer to md_seq_show(), also factor out a helper mddev_put_locked() to fix this problem.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21739
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.21% / 11.32%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:12
Updated-01 Jun, 2026 | 17:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
scsi: ufs: core: Fix use-after free in init error and remove paths

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: ufs: core: Fix use-after free in init error and remove paths devm_blk_crypto_profile_init() registers a cleanup handler to run when the associated (platform-) device is being released. For UFS, the crypto private data and pointers are stored as part of the ufs_hba's data structure 'struct ufs_hba::crypto_profile'. This structure is allocated as part of the underlying ufshcd and therefore Scsi_host allocation. During driver release or during error handling in ufshcd_pltfrm_init(), this structure is released as part of ufshcd_dealloc_host() before the (platform-) device associated with the crypto call above is released. Once this device is released, the crypto cleanup code will run, using the just-released 'struct ufs_hba::crypto_profile'. This causes a use-after-free situation: Call trace: kfree+0x60/0x2d8 (P) kvfree+0x44/0x60 blk_crypto_profile_destroy_callback+0x28/0x70 devm_action_release+0x1c/0x30 release_nodes+0x6c/0x108 devres_release_all+0x98/0x100 device_unbind_cleanup+0x20/0x70 really_probe+0x218/0x2d0 In other words, the initialisation code flow is: platform-device probe ufshcd_pltfrm_init() ufshcd_alloc_host() scsi_host_alloc() allocation of struct ufs_hba creation of scsi-host devices devm_blk_crypto_profile_init() devm registration of cleanup handler using platform-device and during error handling of ufshcd_pltfrm_init() or during driver removal: ufshcd_dealloc_host() scsi_host_put() put_device(scsi-host) release of struct ufs_hba put_device(platform-device) crypto cleanup handler To fix this use-after free, change ufshcd_alloc_host() to register a devres action to automatically cleanup the underlying SCSI device on ufshcd destruction, without requiring explicit calls to ufshcd_dealloc_host(). This way: * the crypto profile and all other ufs_hba-owned resources are destroyed before SCSI (as they've been registered after) * a memleak is plugged in tc-dwc-g210-pci.c remove() as a side-effect * EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ufshcd_dealloc_host) can be removed fully as it's not needed anymore * no future drivers using ufshcd_alloc_host() could ever forget adding the cleanup

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21764
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.23% / 14.22%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-27 Feb, 2025 | 02:18
Updated-12 May, 2026 | 13:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
ndisc: use RCU protection in ndisc_alloc_skb()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ndisc: use RCU protection in ndisc_alloc_skb() ndisc_alloc_skb() can be called without RTNL or RCU being held. Add RCU protection to avoid possible UAF.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Siemens AGLinux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinuxSIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21856
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.21% / 10.83%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-12 Mar, 2025 | 09:42
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:07
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
s390/ism: add release function for struct device

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: s390/ism: add release function for struct device According to device_release() in /drivers/base/core.c, a device without a release function is a broken device and must be fixed. The current code directly frees the device after calling device_add() without waiting for other kernel parts to release their references. Thus, a reference could still be held to a struct device, e.g., by sysfs, leading to potential use-after-free issues if a proper release function is not set.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2022-48956
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.27% / 17.89%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-21 Oct, 2024 | 20:05
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 18:50
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
ipv6: avoid use-after-free in ip6_fragment()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: avoid use-after-free in ip6_fragment() Blamed commit claimed rcu_read_lock() was held by ip6_fragment() callers. It seems to not be always true, at least for UDP stack. syzbot reported: BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ip6_dst_idev include/net/ip6_fib.h:245 [inline] BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ip6_fragment+0x2724/0x2770 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:951 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88801d403e80 by task syz-executor.3/7618 CPU: 1 PID: 7618 Comm: syz-executor.3 Not tainted 6.1.0-rc6-syzkaller-00012-g4312098baf37 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/26/2022 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0xd1/0x138 lib/dump_stack.c:106 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:284 [inline] print_report+0x15e/0x45d mm/kasan/report.c:395 kasan_report+0xbf/0x1f0 mm/kasan/report.c:495 ip6_dst_idev include/net/ip6_fib.h:245 [inline] ip6_fragment+0x2724/0x2770 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:951 __ip6_finish_output net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:193 [inline] ip6_finish_output+0x9a3/0x1170 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:206 NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:291 [inline] ip6_output+0x1f1/0x540 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:227 dst_output include/net/dst.h:445 [inline] ip6_local_out+0xb3/0x1a0 net/ipv6/output_core.c:161 ip6_send_skb+0xbb/0x340 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:1966 udp_v6_send_skb+0x82a/0x18a0 net/ipv6/udp.c:1286 udp_v6_push_pending_frames+0x140/0x200 net/ipv6/udp.c:1313 udpv6_sendmsg+0x18da/0x2c80 net/ipv6/udp.c:1606 inet6_sendmsg+0x9d/0xe0 net/ipv6/af_inet6.c:665 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:714 [inline] sock_sendmsg+0xd3/0x120 net/socket.c:734 sock_write_iter+0x295/0x3d0 net/socket.c:1108 call_write_iter include/linux/fs.h:2191 [inline] new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:491 [inline] vfs_write+0x9ed/0xdd0 fs/read_write.c:584 ksys_write+0x1ec/0x250 fs/read_write.c:637 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x39/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd RIP: 0033:0x7fde3588c0d9 Code: 28 00 00 00 75 05 48 83 c4 28 c3 e8 f1 19 00 00 90 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 b8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007fde365b6168 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fde359ac050 RCX: 00007fde3588c0d9 RDX: 000000000000ffdc RSI: 00000000200000c0 RDI: 000000000000000a RBP: 00007fde358e7ae9 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fde35acfb1f R14: 00007fde365b6300 R15: 0000000000022000 </TASK> Allocated by task 7618: kasan_save_stack+0x22/0x40 mm/kasan/common.c:45 kasan_set_track+0x25/0x30 mm/kasan/common.c:52 __kasan_slab_alloc+0x82/0x90 mm/kasan/common.c:325 kasan_slab_alloc include/linux/kasan.h:201 [inline] slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slab.h:737 [inline] slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:3398 [inline] slab_alloc mm/slub.c:3406 [inline] __kmem_cache_alloc_lru mm/slub.c:3413 [inline] kmem_cache_alloc+0x2b4/0x3d0 mm/slub.c:3422 dst_alloc+0x14a/0x1f0 net/core/dst.c:92 ip6_dst_alloc+0x32/0xa0 net/ipv6/route.c:344 ip6_rt_pcpu_alloc net/ipv6/route.c:1369 [inline] rt6_make_pcpu_route net/ipv6/route.c:1417 [inline] ip6_pol_route+0x901/0x1190 net/ipv6/route.c:2254 pol_lookup_func include/net/ip6_fib.h:582 [inline] fib6_rule_lookup+0x52e/0x6f0 net/ipv6/fib6_rules.c:121 ip6_route_output_flags_noref+0x2e6/0x380 net/ipv6/route.c:2625 ip6_route_output_flags+0x76/0x320 net/ipv6/route.c:2638 ip6_route_output include/net/ip6_route.h:98 [inline] ip6_dst_lookup_tail+0x5ab/0x1620 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:1092 ip6_dst_lookup_flow+0x90/0x1d0 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:1222 ip6_sk_dst_lookup_flow+0x553/0x980 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:1260 udpv6_sendmsg+0x151d/0x2c80 net/ipv6/udp.c:1554 inet6_sendmsg+0x9d/0xe0 net/ipv6/af_inet6.c:665 sock_sendmsg_nosec n ---truncated---

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-21928
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.20% / 10.38%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
Published-01 Apr, 2025 | 15:40
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:09
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
HID: intel-ish-hid: Fix use-after-free issue in ishtp_hid_remove()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: intel-ish-hid: Fix use-after-free issue in ishtp_hid_remove() The system can experience a random crash a few minutes after the driver is removed. This issue occurs due to improper handling of memory freeing in the ishtp_hid_remove() function. The function currently frees the `driver_data` directly within the loop that destroys the HID devices, which can lead to accessing freed memory. Specifically, `hid_destroy_device()` uses `driver_data` when it calls `hid_ishtp_set_feature()` to power off the sensor, so freeing `driver_data` beforehand can result in accessing invalid memory. This patch resolves the issue by storing the `driver_data` in a temporary variable before calling `hid_destroy_device()`, and then freeing the `driver_data` after the device is destroyed.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-22085
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
ShareView Details
Matching Score-10
Assigner-kernel.org
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.17% / 6.60%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-16 Apr, 2025 | 14:12
Updated-11 May, 2026 | 21:12
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
RDMA/core: Fix use-after-free when rename device name

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/core: Fix use-after-free when rename device name Syzbot reported a slab-use-after-free with the following call trace: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in nla_put+0xd3/0x150 lib/nlattr.c:1099 Read of size 5 at addr ffff888140ea1c60 by task syz.0.988/10025 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 10025 Comm: syz.0.988 Not tainted 6.14.0-rc4-syzkaller-00859-gf77f12010f67 #0 Hardware name: Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 02/12/2025 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:408 [inline] print_report+0x16e/0x5b0 mm/kasan/report.c:521 kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:634 kasan_check_range+0x282/0x290 mm/kasan/generic.c:189 __asan_memcpy+0x29/0x70 mm/kasan/shadow.c:105 nla_put+0xd3/0x150 lib/nlattr.c:1099 nla_put_string include/net/netlink.h:1621 [inline] fill_nldev_handle+0x16e/0x200 drivers/infiniband/core/nldev.c:265 rdma_nl_notify_event+0x561/0xef0 drivers/infiniband/core/nldev.c:2857 ib_device_notify_register+0x22/0x230 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1344 ib_register_device+0x1292/0x1460 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1460 rxe_register_device+0x233/0x350 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:1540 rxe_net_add+0x74/0xf0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_net.c:550 rxe_newlink+0xde/0x1a0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe.c:212 nldev_newlink+0x5ea/0x680 drivers/infiniband/core/nldev.c:1795 rdma_nl_rcv_skb drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:239 [inline] rdma_nl_rcv+0x6dd/0x9e0 drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:259 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1313 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x7f6/0x990 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1339 netlink_sendmsg+0x8de/0xcb0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1883 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:709 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x221/0x270 net/socket.c:724 ____sys_sendmsg+0x53a/0x860 net/socket.c:2564 ___sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2618 [inline] __sys_sendmsg+0x269/0x350 net/socket.c:2650 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f42d1b8d169 Code: ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 48 89 f8 48 ... RSP: 002b:00007f42d2960038 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002e RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f42d1da6320 RCX: 00007f42d1b8d169 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00004000000002c0 RDI: 000000000000000c RBP: 00007f42d1c0e2a0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 00007f42d1da6320 R15: 00007ffe399344a8 </TASK> Allocated by task 10025: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3f/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0x98/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:4294 [inline] __kmalloc_node_track_caller_noprof+0x28b/0x4c0 mm/slub.c:4313 __kmemdup_nul mm/util.c:61 [inline] kstrdup+0x42/0x100 mm/util.c:81 kobject_set_name_vargs+0x61/0x120 lib/kobject.c:274 dev_set_name+0xd5/0x120 drivers/base/core.c:3468 assign_name drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1202 [inline] ib_register_device+0x178/0x1460 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1384 rxe_register_device+0x233/0x350 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:1540 rxe_net_add+0x74/0xf0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_net.c:550 rxe_newlink+0xde/0x1a0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe.c:212 nldev_newlink+0x5ea/0x680 drivers/infiniband/core/nldev.c:1795 rdma_nl_rcv_skb drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:239 [inline] rdma_nl_rcv+0x6dd/0x9e0 drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:259 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1313 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x7f6/0x990 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1339 netlink_sendmsg+0x8de/0xcb0 net ---truncated---

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
Product-linux_kernelLinux
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
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