In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dmaengine: tegra-adma: Fix use-after-free A use-after-free bug exists in the Tegra ADMA driver when audio streams are terminated, particularly during XRUN conditions. The issue occurs when the DMA buffer is freed by tegra_adma_terminate_all() before the vchan completion tasklet finishes accessing it. The race condition follows this sequence: 1. DMA transfer completes, triggering an interrupt that schedules the completion tasklet (tasklet has not executed yet) 2. Audio playback stops, calling tegra_adma_terminate_all() which frees the DMA buffer memory via kfree() 3. The scheduled tasklet finally executes, calling vchan_complete() which attempts to access the already-freed memory Since tasklets can execute at any time after being scheduled, there is no guarantee that the buffer will remain valid when vchan_complete() runs. Fix this by properly synchronizing the virtual channel completion: - Calling vchan_terminate_vdesc() in tegra_adma_stop() to mark the descriptors as terminated instead of freeing the descriptor. - Add the callback tegra_adma_synchronize() that calls vchan_synchronize() which kills any pending tasklets and frees any terminated descriptors. Crash logs: [ 337.427523] BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in vchan_complete+0x124/0x3b0 [ 337.427544] Read of size 8 at addr ffff000132055428 by task swapper/0/0 [ 337.427562] Call trace: [ 337.427564] dump_backtrace+0x0/0x320 [ 337.427571] show_stack+0x20/0x30 [ 337.427575] dump_stack_lvl+0x68/0x84 [ 337.427584] print_address_description.constprop.0+0x74/0x2b8 [ 337.427590] kasan_report+0x1f4/0x210 [ 337.427598] __asan_load8+0xa0/0xd0 [ 337.427603] vchan_complete+0x124/0x3b0 [ 337.427609] tasklet_action_common.constprop.0+0x190/0x1d0 [ 337.427617] tasklet_action+0x30/0x40 [ 337.427623] __do_softirq+0x1a0/0x5c4 [ 337.427628] irq_exit+0x110/0x140 [ 337.427633] handle_domain_irq+0xa4/0xe0 [ 337.427640] gic_handle_irq+0x64/0x160 [ 337.427644] call_on_irq_stack+0x20/0x4c [ 337.427649] do_interrupt_handler+0x7c/0x90 [ 337.427654] el1_interrupt+0x30/0x80 [ 337.427659] el1h_64_irq_handler+0x18/0x30 [ 337.427663] el1h_64_irq+0x7c/0x80 [ 337.427667] cpuidle_enter_state+0xe4/0x540 [ 337.427674] cpuidle_enter+0x54/0x80 [ 337.427679] do_idle+0x2e0/0x380 [ 337.427685] cpu_startup_entry+0x2c/0x70 [ 337.427690] rest_init+0x114/0x130 [ 337.427695] arch_call_rest_init+0x18/0x24 [ 337.427702] start_kernel+0x380/0x3b4 [ 337.427706] __primary_switched+0xc0/0xc8

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/core: always drop device refcount in ib_del_sub_device_and_put() Since nldev_deldev() (introduced by commit 060c642b2ab8 ("RDMA/nldev: Add support to add/delete a sub IB device through netlink") grabs a reference using ib_device_get_by_index() before calling ib_del_sub_device_and_put(), we need to drop that reference before returning -EOPNOTSUPP error.

net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c in the Linux kernel through 5.18.1 allows a local user (able to create user/net namespaces) to escalate privileges to root because an incorrect NFT_STATEFUL_EXPR check leads to a use-after-free.

NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Linux contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvidia.ko), where a local user with basic capabilities can cause improper input validation, which may lead to denial of service, escalation of privileges, data tampering, and limited information disclosure.

A flaw use after free in the Linux kernel video4linux driver was found in the way user triggers em28xx_usb_probe() for the Empia 28xx based TV cards. A local user could use this flaw to crash the system or potentially escalate their privileges on the system.

An out-of-bounds access issue was found in the Linux kernel sound subsystem. It could occur when the 'id->name' provided by the user did not end with '\0'. A privileged local user could pass a specially crafted name through ioctl() interface and crash the system or potentially escalate their privileges on the system.

VMware Workspace ONE Access, Identity Manager and vRealize Automation contain two privilege escalation vulnerabilities. A malicious actor with local access can escalate privileges to 'root'.

qfq_change_class in net/sched/sch_qfq.c in the Linux kernel before 6.2.13 allows an out-of-bounds write because lmax can exceed QFQ_MIN_LMAX.

VMware Workspace ONE Access, Identity Manager and vRealize Automation contains a privilege escalation vulnerability. A malicious actor with local access can escalate privileges to 'root'.

The aufs module for the Linux kernel 3.x and 4.x does not properly restrict the mount namespace, which allows local users to gain privileges by mounting an aufs filesystem on top of a FUSE filesystem, and then executing a crafted setuid program.

Integer overflow in the xt_alloc_table_info function in net/netfilter/x_tables.c in the Linux kernel through 4.5.2 on 32-bit platforms allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (heap memory corruption) via an IPT_SO_SET_REPLACE setsockopt call.

The aufs module for the Linux kernel 3.x and 4.x does not properly maintain POSIX ACL xattr data, which allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging a group-writable setgid directory.

VMware Workspace ONE Access, Identity Manager and vRealize Automation contain a privilege escalation vulnerability. A malicious actor with local access can escalate privileges to 'root'.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix use-after-free in ksmbd_tree_connect_put under concurrency Under high concurrency, A tree-connection object (tcon) is freed on a disconnect path while another path still holds a reference and later executes *_put()/write on it.

The adreno_perfcounter_query_group function in drivers/gpu/msm/adreno_perfcounter.c in the Adreno GPU driver for the Linux kernel 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, uses an incorrect integer data type, which allows attackers to cause a denial of service (integer overflow, heap-based buffer overflow, and incorrect memory allocation) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted IOCTL_KGSL_PERFCOUNTER_QUERY ioctl call.

Stack-based buffer overflow in the supply_lm_input_write function in drivers/thermal/supply_lm_core.c in the MSM Thermal driver for the Linux kernel 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, allows attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted application that sends a large amount of data through the debugfs interface.

A double-free flaw was found in the Linux kernel’s NTFS3 subsystem in how a user triggers remount and umount simultaneously. This flaw allows a local user to crash or potentially escalate their privileges on the system.

The overlayfs implementation in the Linux kernel through 4.5.2 does not properly restrict the mount namespace, which allows local users to gain privileges by mounting an overlayfs filesystem on top of a FUSE filesystem, and then executing a crafted setuid program.

VMware Tools (12.0.0, 11.x.y and 10.x.y) contains a local privilege escalation vulnerability. A malicious actor with local non-administrative access to the Guest OS can escalate privileges as a root user in the virtual machine.

There exists a use-after-free in io_uring in the Linux kernel. Signalfd_poll() and binder_poll() use a waitqueue whose lifetime is the current task. It will send a POLLFREE notification to all waiters before the queue is freed. Unfortunately, the io_uring poll doesn't handle POLLFREE. This allows a use-after-free to occur if a signalfd or binder fd is polled with io_uring poll, and the waitqueue gets freed. We recommend upgrading past commit fc78b2fc21f10c4c9c4d5d659a685710ffa63659

Heap-based buffer overflow in the wcnss_wlan_write function in drivers/net/wireless/wcnss/wcnss_wlan.c in the wcnss_wlan device driver for the Linux kernel 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, allows attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact by writing to /dev/wcnss_wlan with an unexpected amount of data.

The Linux kernel before 5.17.2 mishandles seccomp permissions. The PTRACE_SEIZE code path allows attackers to bypass intended restrictions on setting the PT_SUSPEND_SECCOMP flag.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ecryptfs: Fix buffer size for tag 66 packet The 'TAG 66 Packet Format' description is missing the cipher code and checksum fields that are packed into the message packet. As a result, the buffer allocated for the packet is 3 bytes too small and write_tag_66_packet() will write up to 3 bytes past the end of the buffer. Fix this by increasing the size of the allocation so the whole packet will always fit in the buffer. This fixes the below kasan slab-out-of-bounds bug: BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in ecryptfs_generate_key_packet_set+0x7d6/0xde0 Write of size 1 at addr ffff88800afbb2a5 by task touch/181 CPU: 0 PID: 181 Comm: touch Not tainted 6.6.13-gnu #1 4c9534092be820851bb687b82d1f92a426598dc6 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.2/GNU Guix 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x4c/0x70 print_report+0xc5/0x610 ? ecryptfs_generate_key_packet_set+0x7d6/0xde0 ? kasan_complete_mode_report_info+0x44/0x210 ? ecryptfs_generate_key_packet_set+0x7d6/0xde0 kasan_report+0xc2/0x110 ? ecryptfs_generate_key_packet_set+0x7d6/0xde0 __asan_store1+0x62/0x80 ecryptfs_generate_key_packet_set+0x7d6/0xde0 ? __pfx_ecryptfs_generate_key_packet_set+0x10/0x10 ? __alloc_pages+0x2e2/0x540 ? __pfx_ovl_open+0x10/0x10 [overlay 30837f11141636a8e1793533a02e6e2e885dad1d] ? dentry_open+0x8f/0xd0 ecryptfs_write_metadata+0x30a/0x550 ? __pfx_ecryptfs_write_metadata+0x10/0x10 ? ecryptfs_get_lower_file+0x6b/0x190 ecryptfs_initialize_file+0x77/0x150 ecryptfs_create+0x1c2/0x2f0 path_openat+0x17cf/0x1ba0 ? __pfx_path_openat+0x10/0x10 do_filp_open+0x15e/0x290 ? __pfx_do_filp_open+0x10/0x10 ? __kasan_check_write+0x18/0x30 ? _raw_spin_lock+0x86/0xf0 ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock+0x10/0x10 ? __kasan_check_write+0x18/0x30 ? alloc_fd+0xf4/0x330 do_sys_openat2+0x122/0x160 ? __pfx_do_sys_openat2+0x10/0x10 __x64_sys_openat+0xef/0x170 ? __pfx___x64_sys_openat+0x10/0x10 do_syscall_64+0x60/0xd0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8 RIP: 0033:0x7f00a703fd67 Code: 25 00 00 41 00 3d 00 00 41 00 74 37 64 8b 04 25 18 00 00 00 85 c0 75 5b 44 89 e2 48 89 ee bf 9c ff ff ff b8 01 01 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 0f 87 85 00 00 00 48 83 c4 68 5d 41 5c c3 0f 1f RSP: 002b:00007ffc088e30b0 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000101 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007ffc088e3368 RCX: 00007f00a703fd67 RDX: 0000000000000941 RSI: 00007ffc088e48d7 RDI: 00000000ffffff9c RBP: 00007ffc088e48d7 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 00000000000001b6 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000941 R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 00007ffc088e48d7 R15: 00007f00a7180040 </TASK> Allocated by task 181: kasan_save_stack+0x2f/0x60 kasan_set_track+0x29/0x40 kasan_save_alloc_info+0x25/0x40 __kasan_kmalloc+0xc5/0xd0 __kmalloc+0x66/0x160 ecryptfs_generate_key_packet_set+0x6d2/0xde0 ecryptfs_write_metadata+0x30a/0x550 ecryptfs_initialize_file+0x77/0x150 ecryptfs_create+0x1c2/0x2f0 path_openat+0x17cf/0x1ba0 do_filp_open+0x15e/0x290 do_sys_openat2+0x122/0x160 __x64_sys_openat+0xef/0x170 do_syscall_64+0x60/0xd0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfsd: handle get_client_locked() failure in nfsd4_setclientid_confirm() Lei Lu recently reported that nfsd4_setclientid_confirm() did not check the return value from get_client_locked(). a SETCLIENTID_CONFIRM could race with a confirmed client expiring and fail to get a reference. That could later lead to a UAF. Fix this by getting a reference early in the case where there is an extant confirmed client. If that fails then treat it as if there were no confirmed client found at all. In the case where the unconfirmed client is expiring, just fail and return the result from get_client_locked().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: atm: atmtcp: Prevent arbitrary write in atmtcp_recv_control(). syzbot reported the splat below. [0] When atmtcp_v_open() or atmtcp_v_close() is called via connect() or close(), atmtcp_send_control() is called to send an in-kernel special message. The message has ATMTCP_HDR_MAGIC in atmtcp_control.hdr.length. Also, a pointer of struct atm_vcc is set to atmtcp_control.vcc. The notable thing is struct atmtcp_control is uAPI but has a space for an in-kernel pointer. struct atmtcp_control { struct atmtcp_hdr hdr; /* must be first */ ... atm_kptr_t vcc; /* both directions */ ... } __ATM_API_ALIGN; typedef struct { unsigned char _[8]; } __ATM_API_ALIGN atm_kptr_t; The special message is processed in atmtcp_recv_control() called from atmtcp_c_send(). atmtcp_c_send() is vcc->dev->ops->send() and called from 2 paths: 1. .ndo_start_xmit() (vcc->send() == atm_send_aal0()) 2. vcc_sendmsg() The problem is sendmsg() does not validate the message length and userspace can abuse atmtcp_recv_control() to overwrite any kptr by atmtcp_control. Let's add a new ->pre_send() hook to validate messages from sendmsg(). [0]: Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc00200000ab: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN PTI KASAN: probably user-memory-access in range [0x0000000100000558-0x000000010000055f] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5865 Comm: syz-executor331 Not tainted 6.17.0-rc1-syzkaller-00215-gbab3ce404553 #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/12/2025 RIP: 0010:atmtcp_recv_control drivers/atm/atmtcp.c:93 [inline] RIP: 0010:atmtcp_c_send+0x1da/0x950 drivers/atm/atmtcp.c:297 Code: 4d 8d 75 1a 4c 89 f0 48 c1 e8 03 42 0f b6 04 20 84 c0 0f 85 15 06 00 00 41 0f b7 1e 4d 8d b7 60 05 00 00 4c 89 f0 48 c1 e8 03 <42> 0f b6 04 20 84 c0 0f 85 13 06 00 00 66 41 89 1e 4d 8d 75 1c 4c RSP: 0018:ffffc90003f5f810 EFLAGS: 00010203 RAX: 00000000200000ab RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: ffff88802a510000 RSI: 00000000ffffffff RDI: ffff888030a6068c RBP: ffff88802699fb40 R08: ffff888030a606eb R09: 1ffff1100614c0dd R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: ffffffff8718fc40 R12: dffffc0000000000 R13: ffff888030a60680 R14: 000000010000055f R15: 00000000ffffffff FS: 00007f8d7e9236c0(0000) GS:ffff888125c1c000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000000000045ad50 CR3: 0000000075bde000 CR4: 00000000003526f0 Call Trace: <TASK> vcc_sendmsg+0xa10/0xc60 net/atm/common.c:645 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:714 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x219/0x270 net/socket.c:729 ____sys_sendmsg+0x505/0x830 net/socket.c:2614 ___sys_sendmsg+0x21f/0x2a0 net/socket.c:2668 __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2700 [inline] __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2705 [inline] __se_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2703 [inline] __x64_sys_sendmsg+0x19b/0x260 net/socket.c:2703 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f8d7e96a4a9 Code: 28 00 00 00 75 05 48 83 c4 28 c3 e8 51 18 00 00 90 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 b0 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f8d7e923198 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002e RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f8d7e9f4308 RCX: 00007f8d7e96a4a9 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000200000000240 RDI: 0000000000000005 RBP: 00007f8d7e9f4300 R08: 65732f636f72702f R09: 65732f636f72702f R10: 65732f636f72702f R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007f8d7e9c10ac R13: 00007f8d7e9231a0 R14: 0000200000000200 R15: 0000200000000250 </TASK> Modules linked in:

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mtd: rawnand: brcmnand: fix PM resume warning Fixed warning on PM resume as shown below caused due to uninitialized struct nand_operation that checks chip select field : WARN_ON(op->cs >= nanddev_ntargets(&chip->base) [ 14.588522] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 14.588529] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1392 at drivers/mtd/nand/raw/internals.h:139 nand_reset_op+0x1e0/0x1f8 [ 14.588553] Modules linked in: bdc udc_core [ 14.588579] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1392 Comm: rtcwake Tainted: G W 6.14.0-rc4-g5394eea10651 #16 [ 14.588590] Tainted: [W]=WARN [ 14.588593] Hardware name: Broadcom STB (Flattened Device Tree) [ 14.588598] Call trace: [ 14.588604] dump_backtrace from show_stack+0x18/0x1c [ 14.588622] r7:00000009 r6:0000008b r5:60000153 r4:c0fa558c [ 14.588625] show_stack from dump_stack_lvl+0x70/0x7c [ 14.588639] dump_stack_lvl from dump_stack+0x18/0x1c [ 14.588653] r5:c08d40b0 r4:c1003cb0 [ 14.588656] dump_stack from __warn+0x84/0xe4 [ 14.588668] __warn from warn_slowpath_fmt+0x18c/0x194 [ 14.588678] r7:c08d40b0 r6:c1003cb0 r5:00000000 r4:00000000 [ 14.588681] warn_slowpath_fmt from nand_reset_op+0x1e0/0x1f8 [ 14.588695] r8:70c40dff r7:89705f41 r6:36b4a597 r5:c26c9444 r4:c26b0048 [ 14.588697] nand_reset_op from brcmnand_resume+0x13c/0x150 [ 14.588714] r9:00000000 r8:00000000 r7:c24f8010 r6:c228a3f8 r5:c26c94bc r4:c26b0040 [ 14.588717] brcmnand_resume from platform_pm_resume+0x34/0x54 [ 14.588735] r5:00000010 r4:c0840a50 [ 14.588738] platform_pm_resume from dpm_run_callback+0x5c/0x14c [ 14.588757] dpm_run_callback from device_resume+0xc0/0x324 [ 14.588776] r9:c24f8054 r8:c24f80a0 r7:00000000 r6:00000000 r5:00000010 r4:c24f8010 [ 14.588779] device_resume from dpm_resume+0x130/0x160 [ 14.588799] r9:c22539e4 r8:00000010 r7:c22bebb0 r6:c24f8010 r5:c22539dc r4:c22539b0 [ 14.588802] dpm_resume from dpm_resume_end+0x14/0x20 [ 14.588822] r10:c2204e40 r9:00000000 r8:c228a3fc r7:00000000 r6:00000003 r5:c228a414 [ 14.588826] r4:00000010 [ 14.588828] dpm_resume_end from suspend_devices_and_enter+0x274/0x6f8 [ 14.588848] r5:c228a414 r4:00000000 [ 14.588851] suspend_devices_and_enter from pm_suspend+0x228/0x2bc [ 14.588868] r10:c3502910 r9:c3501f40 r8:00000004 r7:c228a438 r6:c0f95e18 r5:00000000 [ 14.588871] r4:00000003 [ 14.588874] pm_suspend from state_store+0x74/0xd0 [ 14.588889] r7:c228a438 r6:c0f934c8 r5:00000003 r4:00000003 [ 14.588892] state_store from kobj_attr_store+0x1c/0x28 [ 14.588913] r9:00000000 r8:00000000 r7:f09f9f08 r6:00000004 r5:c3502900 r4:c0283250 [ 14.588916] kobj_attr_store from sysfs_kf_write+0x40/0x4c [ 14.588936] r5:c3502900 r4:c0d92a48 [ 14.588939] sysfs_kf_write from kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x104/0x1f0 [ 14.588956] r5:c3502900 r4:c3501f40 [ 14.588960] kernfs_fop_write_iter from vfs_write+0x250/0x420 [ 14.588980] r10:c0e14b48 r9:00000000 r8:c25f5780 r7:00443398 r6:f09f9f68 r5:c34f7f00 [ 14.588983] r4:c042a88c [ 14.588987] vfs_write from ksys_write+0x74/0xe4 [ 14.589005] r10:00000004 r9:c25f5780 r8:c02002fA0 r7:00000000 r6:00000000 r5:c34f7f00 [ 14.589008] r4:c34f7f00 [ 14.589011] ksys_write from sys_write+0x10/0x14 [ 14.589029] r7:00000004 r6:004421c0 r5:00443398 r4:00000004 [ 14.589032] sys_write from ret_fast_syscall+0x0/0x5c [ 14.589044] Exception stack(0xf09f9fa8 to 0xf09f9ff0) [ 14.589050] 9fa0: 00000004 00443398 00000004 00443398 00000004 00000001 [ 14.589056] 9fc0: 00000004 00443398 004421c0 00000004 b6ecbd58 00000008 bebfbc38 0043eb78 [ 14.589062] 9fe0: 00440eb0 bebfbaf8 b6de18a0 b6e579e8 [ 14.589065] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- The fix uses the higher level nand_reset(chip, chipnr); where chipnr = 0, when doing PM resume operation in compliance with the controller support for single die nand chip. Switching from nand_reset_op() to nan ---truncated---

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vxlan: vnifilter: Fix unlocked deletion of default FDB entry When a VNI is deleted from a VXLAN device in 'vnifilter' mode, the FDB entry associated with the default remote (assuming one was configured) is deleted without holding the hash lock. This is wrong and will result in a warning [1] being generated by the lockdep annotation that was added by commit ebe642067455 ("vxlan: Create wrappers for FDB lookup"). Reproducer: # ip link add vx0 up type vxlan dstport 4789 external vnifilter local 192.0.2.1 # bridge vni add vni 10010 remote 198.51.100.1 dev vx0 # bridge vni del vni 10010 dev vx0 Fix by acquiring the hash lock before the deletion and releasing it afterwards. Blame the original commit that introduced the issue rather than the one that exposed it. [1] WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 392 at drivers/net/vxlan/vxlan_core.c:417 vxlan_find_mac+0x17f/0x1a0 [...] RIP: 0010:vxlan_find_mac+0x17f/0x1a0 [...] Call Trace: <TASK> __vxlan_fdb_delete+0xbe/0x560 vxlan_vni_delete_group+0x2ba/0x940 vxlan_vni_del.isra.0+0x15f/0x580 vxlan_process_vni_filter+0x38b/0x7b0 vxlan_vnifilter_process+0x3bb/0x510 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x2f7/0xb70 netlink_rcv_skb+0x131/0x360 netlink_unicast+0x426/0x710 netlink_sendmsg+0x75a/0xc20 __sock_sendmsg+0xc1/0x150 ____sys_sendmsg+0x5aa/0x7b0 ___sys_sendmsg+0xfc/0x180 __sys_sendmsg+0x121/0x1b0 do_syscall_64+0xbb/0x1d0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53

A buffer overflow vulnerability in the Rubrik Backup Service (RBS) Agent for Linux or Unix-based systems in Rubrik CDM 7.0.1, 7.0.1-p1, 7.0.1-p2 or 7.0.1-p3 before CDM 7.0.2-p2 could allow a local attacker to obtain root privileges by sending a crafted message to the RBS agent.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: MGMT: Fix UAF on mgmt_remove_adv_monitor_complete This reworks MGMT_OP_REMOVE_ADV_MONITOR to not use mgmt_pending_add to avoid crashes like bellow: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in mgmt_remove_adv_monitor_complete+0xe5/0x540 net/bluetooth/mgmt.c:5406 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88801c53f318 by task kworker/u5:5/5341 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5341 Comm: kworker/u5:5 Not tainted 6.15.0-syzkaller-10402-g4cb6c8af8591 #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2~bpo12+1 04/01/2014 Workqueue: hci0 hci_cmd_sync_work Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:408 [inline] print_report+0xd2/0x2b0 mm/kasan/report.c:521 kasan_report+0x118/0x150 mm/kasan/report.c:634 mgmt_remove_adv_monitor_complete+0xe5/0x540 net/bluetooth/mgmt.c:5406 hci_cmd_sync_work+0x261/0x3a0 net/bluetooth/hci_sync.c:334 process_one_work kernel/workqueue.c:3238 [inline] process_scheduled_works+0xade/0x17b0 kernel/workqueue.c:3321 worker_thread+0x8a0/0xda0 kernel/workqueue.c:3402 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:464 ret_from_fork+0x3fc/0x770 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:148 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245 </TASK> Allocated by task 5987: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline] __kasan_kmalloc+0x93/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:394 kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline] __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x230/0x3d0 mm/slub.c:4358 kmalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:905 [inline] kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:1039 [inline] mgmt_pending_new+0x65/0x240 net/bluetooth/mgmt_util.c:252 mgmt_pending_add+0x34/0x120 net/bluetooth/mgmt_util.c:279 remove_adv_monitor+0x103/0x1b0 net/bluetooth/mgmt.c:5454 hci_mgmt_cmd+0x9c9/0xef0 net/bluetooth/hci_sock.c:1719 hci_sock_sendmsg+0x6ca/0xef0 net/bluetooth/hci_sock.c:1839 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:712 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x219/0x270 net/socket.c:727 sock_write_iter+0x258/0x330 net/socket.c:1131 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x548/0xa90 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Freed by task 5989: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68 kasan_save_free_info+0x46/0x50 mm/kasan/generic.c:576 poison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:247 [inline] __kasan_slab_free+0x62/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:264 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:233 [inline] slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:2380 [inline] slab_free mm/slub.c:4642 [inline] kfree+0x18e/0x440 mm/slub.c:4841 mgmt_pending_foreach+0xc9/0x120 net/bluetooth/mgmt_util.c:242 mgmt_index_removed+0x10d/0x2f0 net/bluetooth/mgmt.c:9366 hci_sock_bind+0xbe9/0x1000 net/bluetooth/hci_sock.c:1314 __sys_bind_socket net/socket.c:1810 [inline] __sys_bind+0x2c3/0x3e0 net/socket.c:1841 __do_sys_bind net/socket.c:1846 [inline] __se_sys_bind net/socket.c:1844 [inline] __x64_sys_bind+0x7a/0x90 net/socket.c:1844 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xfa/0x3b0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

The overlayfs implementation in the Linux kernel through 4.5.2 does not properly maintain POSIX ACL xattr data, which allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging a group-writable setgid directory.

The SUNRPC subsystem in the Linux kernel through 5.17.2 can call xs_xprt_free before ensuring that sockets are in the intended state.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfs: Fix the pre-flush when appending to a file in writethrough mode In netfs_perform_write(), when the file is marked NETFS_ICTX_WRITETHROUGH or O_*SYNC or RWF_*SYNC was specified, write-through caching is performed on a buffered file. When setting up for write-through, we flush any conflicting writes in the region and wait for the write to complete, failing if there's a write error to return. The issue arises if we're writing at or above the EOF position because we skip the flush and - more importantly - the wait. This becomes a problem if there's a partial folio at the end of the file that is being written out and we want to make a write to it too. Both the already-running write and the write we start both want to clear the writeback mark, but whoever is second causes a warning looking something like: ------------[ cut here ]------------ R=00000012: folio 11 is not under writeback WARNING: CPU: 34 PID: 654 at fs/netfs/write_collect.c:105 ... CPU: 34 PID: 654 Comm: kworker/u386:27 Tainted: G S ... ... Workqueue: events_unbound netfs_write_collection_worker ... RIP: 0010:netfs_writeback_lookup_folio Fix this by making the flush-and-wait unconditional. It will do nothing if there are no folios in the pagecache and will return quickly if there are no folios in the region specified. Further, move the WBC attachment above the flush call as the flush is going to attach a WBC and detach it again if it is not present - and since we need one anyway we might as well share it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpiolib: cdev: fix uninitialised kfifo If a line is requested with debounce, and that results in debouncing in software, and the line is subsequently reconfigured to enable edge detection then the allocation of the kfifo to contain edge events is overlooked. This results in events being written to and read from an uninitialised kfifo. Read events are returned to userspace. Initialise the kfifo in the case where the software debounce is already active.

Improper Update of Reference Count vulnerability in net/sched of Linux Kernel allows local attacker to cause privilege escalation to root. This issue affects: Linux Kernel versions prior to 5.18; version 4.14 and later versions.

A flaw was found in the Linux kernel implementation of proxied virtualized TPM devices. On a system where virtualized TPM devices are configured (this is not the default) a local attacker can create a use-after-free and create a situation where it may be possible to escalate privileges on the system.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ARM: 9381/1: kasan: clear stale stack poison We found below OOB crash: [ 33.452494] ================================================================== [ 33.453513] BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in refresh_cpu_vm_stats.constprop.0+0xcc/0x2ec [ 33.454660] Write of size 164 at addr c1d03d30 by task swapper/0/0 [ 33.455515] [ 33.455767] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G O 6.1.25-mainline #1 [ 33.456880] Hardware name: Generic DT based system [ 33.457555] unwind_backtrace from show_stack+0x18/0x1c [ 33.458326] show_stack from dump_stack_lvl+0x40/0x4c [ 33.459072] dump_stack_lvl from print_report+0x158/0x4a4 [ 33.459863] print_report from kasan_report+0x9c/0x148 [ 33.460616] kasan_report from kasan_check_range+0x94/0x1a0 [ 33.461424] kasan_check_range from memset+0x20/0x3c [ 33.462157] memset from refresh_cpu_vm_stats.constprop.0+0xcc/0x2ec [ 33.463064] refresh_cpu_vm_stats.constprop.0 from tick_nohz_idle_stop_tick+0x180/0x53c [ 33.464181] tick_nohz_idle_stop_tick from do_idle+0x264/0x354 [ 33.465029] do_idle from cpu_startup_entry+0x20/0x24 [ 33.465769] cpu_startup_entry from rest_init+0xf0/0xf4 [ 33.466528] rest_init from arch_post_acpi_subsys_init+0x0/0x18 [ 33.467397] [ 33.467644] The buggy address belongs to stack of task swapper/0/0 [ 33.468493] and is located at offset 112 in frame: [ 33.469172] refresh_cpu_vm_stats.constprop.0+0x0/0x2ec [ 33.469917] [ 33.470165] This frame has 2 objects: [ 33.470696] [32, 76) 'global_zone_diff' [ 33.470729] [112, 276) 'global_node_diff' [ 33.471294] [ 33.472095] The buggy address belongs to the physical page: [ 33.472862] page:3cd72da8 refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:00000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x41d03 [ 33.473944] flags: 0x1000(reserved|zone=0) [ 33.474565] raw: 00001000 ed741470 ed741470 00000000 00000000 00000000 ffffffff 00000001 [ 33.475656] raw: 00000000 [ 33.476050] page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected [ 33.476816] [ 33.477061] Memory state around the buggy address: [ 33.477732] c1d03c00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 33.478630] c1d03c80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 f1 f1 f1 f1 00 00 00 00 [ 33.479526] >c1d03d00: 00 04 f2 f2 f2 f2 00 00 00 00 00 00 f1 f1 f1 f1 [ 33.480415] ^ [ 33.481195] c1d03d80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 f3 f3 f3 f3 f3 [ 33.482088] c1d03e00: f3 f3 f3 f3 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 33.482978] ================================================================== We find the root cause of this OOB is that arm does not clear stale stack poison in the case of cpuidle. This patch refer to arch/arm64/kernel/sleep.S to resolve this issue. From cited commit [1] that explain the problem Functions which the compiler has instrumented for KASAN place poison on the stack shadow upon entry and remove this poison prior to returning. In the case of cpuidle, CPUs exit the kernel a number of levels deep in C code. Any instrumented functions on this critical path will leave portions of the stack shadow poisoned. If CPUs lose context and return to the kernel via a cold path, we restore a prior context saved in __cpu_suspend_enter are forgotten, and we never remove the poison they placed in the stack shadow area by functions calls between this and the actual exit of the kernel. Thus, (depending on stackframe layout) subsequent calls to instrumented functions may hit this stale poison, resulting in (spurious) KASAN splats to the console. To avoid this, clear any stale poison from the idle thread for a CPU prior to bringing a CPU online. From cited commit [2] Extend to check for CONFIG_KASAN_STACK [1] commit 0d97e6d8024c ("arm64: kasan: clear stale stack poison") [2] commit d56a9ef84bd0 ("kasan, arm64: unpoison stack only with CONFIG_KASAN_STACK")

The installation directory of LogStare Collector is configured with incorrect access permissions. A non-administrative user may manipulate files within the installation directory and execute arbitrary code with the administrative privilege.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci_event: call disconnect callback before deleting conn In hci_cs_disconnect, we do hci_conn_del even if disconnection failed. ISO, L2CAP and SCO connections refer to the hci_conn without hci_conn_get, so disconn_cfm must be called so they can clean up their conn, otherwise use-after-free occurs. ISO: ========================================================== iso_sock_connect:880: sk 00000000eabd6557 iso_connect_cis:356: 70:1a:b8:98:ff:a2 -> 28:3d:c2:4a:7e:da ... iso_conn_add:140: hcon 000000001696f1fd conn 00000000b6251073 hci_dev_put:1487: hci0 orig refcnt 17 __iso_chan_add:214: conn 00000000b6251073 iso_sock_clear_timer:117: sock 00000000eabd6557 state 3 ... hci_rx_work:4085: hci0 Event packet hci_event_packet:7601: hci0: event 0x0f hci_cmd_status_evt:4346: hci0: opcode 0x0406 hci_cs_disconnect:2760: hci0: status 0x0c hci_sent_cmd_data:3107: hci0 opcode 0x0406 hci_conn_del:1151: hci0 hcon 000000001696f1fd handle 2560 hci_conn_unlink:1102: hci0: hcon 000000001696f1fd hci_conn_drop:1451: hcon 00000000d8521aaf orig refcnt 2 hci_chan_list_flush:2780: hcon 000000001696f1fd hci_dev_put:1487: hci0 orig refcnt 21 hci_dev_put:1487: hci0 orig refcnt 20 hci_req_cmd_complete:3978: opcode 0x0406 status 0x0c ... <no iso_* activity on sk/conn> ... iso_sock_sendmsg:1098: sock 00000000dea5e2e0, sk 00000000eabd6557 BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000668 PGD 0 P4D 0 Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.2-1.fc38 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:iso_sock_sendmsg (net/bluetooth/iso.c:1112) bluetooth ========================================================== L2CAP: ================================================================== hci_cmd_status_evt:4359: hci0: opcode 0x0406 hci_cs_disconnect:2760: hci0: status 0x0c hci_sent_cmd_data:3085: hci0 opcode 0x0406 hci_conn_del:1151: hci0 hcon ffff88800c999000 handle 3585 hci_conn_unlink:1102: hci0: hcon ffff88800c999000 hci_chan_list_flush:2780: hcon ffff88800c999000 hci_chan_del:2761: hci0 hcon ffff88800c999000 chan ffff888018ddd280 ... BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in hci_send_acl+0x2d/0x540 [bluetooth] Read of size 8 at addr ffff888018ddd298 by task bluetoothd/1175 CPU: 0 PID: 1175 Comm: bluetoothd Tainted: G E 6.4.0-rc4+ #2 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.2-1.fc38 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x5b/0x90 print_report+0xcf/0x670 ? __virt_addr_valid+0xf8/0x180 ? hci_send_acl+0x2d/0x540 [bluetooth] kasan_report+0xa8/0xe0 ? hci_send_acl+0x2d/0x540 [bluetooth] hci_send_acl+0x2d/0x540 [bluetooth] ? __pfx___lock_acquire+0x10/0x10 l2cap_chan_send+0x1fd/0x1300 [bluetooth] ? l2cap_sock_sendmsg+0xf2/0x170 [bluetooth] ? __pfx_l2cap_chan_send+0x10/0x10 [bluetooth] ? lock_release+0x1d5/0x3c0 ? mark_held_locks+0x1a/0x90 l2cap_sock_sendmsg+0x100/0x170 [bluetooth] sock_write_iter+0x275/0x280 ? __pfx_sock_write_iter+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx___lock_acquire+0x10/0x10 do_iter_readv_writev+0x176/0x220 ? __pfx_do_iter_readv_writev+0x10/0x10 ? find_held_lock+0x83/0xa0 ? selinux_file_permission+0x13e/0x210 do_iter_write+0xda/0x340 vfs_writev+0x1b4/0x400 ? __pfx_vfs_writev+0x10/0x10 ? __seccomp_filter+0x112/0x750 ? populate_seccomp_data+0x182/0x220 ? __fget_light+0xdf/0x100 ? do_writev+0x19d/0x210 do_writev+0x19d/0x210 ? __pfx_do_writev+0x10/0x10 ? mark_held_locks+0x1a/0x90 do_syscall_64+0x60/0x90 ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x149/0x210 ? do_syscall_64+0x6c/0x90 ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0x149/0x210 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc RIP: 0033:0x7ff45cb23e64 Code: 15 d1 1f 0d 00 f7 d8 64 89 02 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff eb b8 0f 1f 00 f3 0f 1e fa 80 3d 9d a7 0d 00 00 74 13 b8 14 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 54 c3 0f 1f 00 48 83 ec 28 89 54 24 1c 48 89 RSP: 002b:00007fff21ae09b8 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000014 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: ---truncated---

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 5.17.5. io_rw_init_file in fs/io_uring.c lacks initialization of kiocb->private.

The join_session_keyring function in security/keys/process_keys.c in the Linux kernel before 4.4.1 mishandles object references in a certain error case, which allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (integer overflow and use-after-free) via crafted keyctl commands.

A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's implementation of Pressure Stall Information. While the feature is disabled by default, it could allow an attacker to crash the system or have other memory-corruption side effects.

A flaw use after free in the Linux kernel NILFS file system was found in the way user triggers function security_inode_alloc to fail with following call to function nilfs_mdt_destroy. A local user could use this flaw to crash the system or potentially escalate their privileges on the system.

The ATI Rage 128 (aka r128) driver in the Linux kernel before 2.6.31-git11 does not properly verify Concurrent Command Engine (CCE) state initialization, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and system crash) or possibly gain privileges via unspecified ioctl calls.

The msm_ipc_router_close function in net/ipc_router/ipc_router_socket.c in the ipc_router component for the Linux kernel 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, allow attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference) or possibly have unspecified other impact by triggering failure of an accept system call for an AF_MSM_IPC socket.

The arcmsr_iop_message_xfer function in drivers/scsi/arcmsr/arcmsr_hba.c in the Linux kernel through 4.8.2 does not restrict a certain length field, which allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer overflow) via an ARCMSR_MESSAGE_WRITE_WQBUFFER control code.

The Linux kernel 2.6.0 through 2.6.30.4, and 2.4.4 through 2.4.37.4, does not initialize all function pointers for socket operations in proto_ops structures, which allows local users to trigger a NULL pointer dereference and gain privileges by using mmap to map page zero, placing arbitrary code on this page, and then invoking an unavailable operation, as demonstrated by the sendpage operation (sock_sendpage function) on a PF_PPPOX socket.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: objtool, spi: amd: Fix out-of-bounds stack access in amd_set_spi_freq() If speed_hz < AMD_SPI_MIN_HZ, amd_set_spi_freq() iterates over the entire amd_spi_freq array without breaking out early, causing 'i' to go beyond the array bounds. Fix that by stopping the loop when it gets to the last entry, so the low speed_hz value gets clamped up to AMD_SPI_MIN_HZ. Fixes the following warning with an UBSAN kernel: drivers/spi/spi-amd.o: error: objtool: amd_set_spi_freq() falls through to next function amd_spi_set_opcode()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: mqprio: fix stack out-of-bounds write in tc entry parsing TCA_MQPRIO_TC_ENTRY_INDEX is validated using NLA_POLICY_MAX(NLA_U32, TC_QOPT_MAX_QUEUE), which allows the value TC_QOPT_MAX_QUEUE (16). This leads to a 4-byte out-of-bounds stack write in the fp[] array, which only has room for 16 elements (0–15). Fix this by changing the policy to allow only up to TC_QOPT_MAX_QUEUE - 1.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: intel-thc-hid: intel-quicki2c: Fix ACPI dsd ICRS/ISUB length The QuickI2C ACPI _DSD methods return ICRS and ISUB data with a trailing byte, making the actual length is one more byte than the structs defined. It caused stack-out-of-bounds and kernel crash: kernel: BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in quicki2c_acpi_get_dsd_property.constprop.0+0x111/0x1b0 [intel_quicki2c] kernel: Write of size 12 at addr ffff888106d1f900 by task kworker/u33:2/75 kernel: kernel: CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 75 Comm: kworker/u33:2 Not tainted 6.16.0+ #3 PREEMPT(voluntary) kernel: Workqueue: async async_run_entry_fn kernel: Call Trace: kernel: <TASK> kernel: dump_stack_lvl+0x76/0xa0 kernel: print_report+0xd1/0x660 kernel: ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x10/0x10 kernel: ? __kasan_slab_free+0x5d/0x80 kernel: ? kasan_addr_to_slab+0xd/0xb0 kernel: kasan_report+0xe1/0x120 kernel: ? quicki2c_acpi_get_dsd_property.constprop.0+0x111/0x1b0 [intel_quicki2c] kernel: ? quicki2c_acpi_get_dsd_property.constprop.0+0x111/0x1b0 [intel_quicki2c] kernel: kasan_check_range+0x11c/0x200 kernel: __asan_memcpy+0x3b/0x80 kernel: quicki2c_acpi_get_dsd_property.constprop.0+0x111/0x1b0 [intel_quicki2c] kernel: ? __pfx_quicki2c_acpi_get_dsd_property.constprop.0+0x10/0x10 [intel_quicki2c] kernel: quicki2c_get_acpi_resources+0x237/0x730 [intel_quicki2c] [...] kernel: </TASK> kernel: kernel: The buggy address belongs to stack of task kworker/u33:2/75 kernel: and is located at offset 48 in frame: kernel: quicki2c_get_acpi_resources+0x0/0x730 [intel_quicki2c] kernel: kernel: This frame has 3 objects: kernel: [32, 36) 'hid_desc_addr' kernel: [48, 59) 'i2c_param' kernel: [80, 224) 'i2c_config' ACPI DSD methods return: \_SB.PC00.THC0.ICRS Buffer 000000003fdc947b 001 Len 0C = 0A 00 80 1A 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 \_SB.PC00.THC0.ISUB Buffer 00000000f2fcbdc4 001 Len 91 = 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Adding reserved padding to quicki2c_subip_acpi_parameter/config.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/debug_vm_pgtable: clear page table entries at destroy_args() The mm/debug_vm_pagetable test allocates manually page table entries for the tests it runs, using also its manually allocated mm_struct. That in itself is ok, but when it exits, at destroy_args() it fails to clear those entries with the *_clear functions. The problem is that leaves stale entries. If another process allocates an mm_struct with a pgd at the same address, it may end up running into the stale entry. This is happening in practice on a debug kernel with CONFIG_DEBUG_VM_PGTABLE=y, for example this is the output with some extra debugging I added (it prints a warning trace if pgtables_bytes goes negative, in addition to the warning at check_mm() function): [ 2.539353] debug_vm_pgtable: [get_random_vaddr ]: random_vaddr is 0x7ea247140000 [ 2.539366] kmem_cache info [ 2.539374] kmem_cachep 0x000000002ce82385 - freelist 0x0000000000000000 - offset 0x508 [ 2.539447] debug_vm_pgtable: [init_args ]: args->mm is 0x000000002267cc9e (...) [ 2.552800] WARNING: CPU: 5 PID: 116 at include/linux/mm.h:2841 free_pud_range+0x8bc/0x8d0 [ 2.552816] Modules linked in: [ 2.552843] CPU: 5 UID: 0 PID: 116 Comm: modprobe Not tainted 6.12.0-105.debug_vm2.el10.ppc64le+debug #1 VOLUNTARY [ 2.552859] Hardware name: IBM,9009-41A POWER9 (architected) 0x4e0202 0xf000005 of:IBM,FW910.00 (VL910_062) hv:phyp pSeries [ 2.552872] NIP: c0000000007eef3c LR: c0000000007eef30 CTR: c0000000003d8c90 [ 2.552885] REGS: c0000000622e73b0 TRAP: 0700 Not tainted (6.12.0-105.debug_vm2.el10.ppc64le+debug) [ 2.552899] MSR: 800000000282b033 <SF,VEC,VSX,EE,FP,ME,IR,DR,RI,LE> CR: 24002822 XER: 0000000a [ 2.552954] CFAR: c0000000008f03f0 IRQMASK: 0 [ 2.552954] GPR00: c0000000007eef30 c0000000622e7650 c000000002b1ac00 0000000000000001 [ 2.552954] GPR04: 0000000000000008 0000000000000000 c0000000007eef30 ffffffffffffffff [ 2.552954] GPR08: 00000000ffff00f5 0000000000000001 0000000000000048 0000000000004000 [ 2.552954] GPR12: 00000003fa440000 c000000017ffa300 c0000000051d9f80 ffffffffffffffdb [ 2.552954] GPR16: 0000000000000000 0000000000000008 000000000000000a 60000000000000e0 [ 2.552954] GPR20: 4080000000000000 c0000000113af038 00007fffcf130000 0000700000000000 [ 2.552954] GPR24: c000000062a6a000 0000000000000001 8000000062a68000 0000000000000001 [ 2.552954] GPR28: 000000000000000a c000000062ebc600 0000000000002000 c000000062ebc760 [ 2.553170] NIP [c0000000007eef3c] free_pud_range+0x8bc/0x8d0 [ 2.553185] LR [c0000000007eef30] free_pud_range+0x8b0/0x8d0 [ 2.553199] Call Trace: [ 2.553207] [c0000000622e7650] [c0000000007eef30] free_pud_range+0x8b0/0x8d0 (unreliable) [ 2.553229] [c0000000622e7750] [c0000000007f40b4] free_pgd_range+0x284/0x3b0 [ 2.553248] [c0000000622e7800] [c0000000007f4630] free_pgtables+0x450/0x570 [ 2.553274] [c0000000622e78e0] [c0000000008161c0] exit_mmap+0x250/0x650 [ 2.553292] [c0000000622e7a30] [c0000000001b95b8] __mmput+0x98/0x290 [ 2.558344] [c0000000622e7a80] [c0000000001d1018] exit_mm+0x118/0x1b0 [ 2.558361] [c0000000622e7ac0] [c0000000001d141c] do_exit+0x2ec/0x870 [ 2.558376] [c0000000622e7b60] [c0000000001d1ca8] do_group_exit+0x88/0x150 [ 2.558391] [c0000000622e7bb0] [c0000000001d1db8] sys_exit_group+0x48/0x50 [ 2.558407] [c0000000622e7be0] [c00000000003d810] system_call_exception+0x1e0/0x4c0 [ 2.558423] [c0000000622e7e50] [c00000000000d05c] system_call_vectored_common+0x15c/0x2ec (...) [ 2.558892] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [ 2.559022] BUG: Bad rss-counter state mm:000000002267cc9e type:MM_ANONPAGES val:1 [ 2.559037] BUG: non-zero pgtables_bytes on freeing mm: -6144 Here the modprobe process ended up with an allocated mm_struct from the mm_struct slab that was used before by the debug_vm_pgtable test. That is not a problem, since the mm_stru ---truncated---