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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2025-38528

Summary
Assigner-Linux
Assigner Org ID-416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Published At-16 Aug, 2025 | 11:12
Updated At-03 Nov, 2025 | 17:39
Rejected At-
Credits

bpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers static const char fmt[] = "%p%"; bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt)); The above BPF program isn't rejected and causes a kernel warning at runtime: Please remove unsupported %\x00 in format string WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 7244 at lib/vsprintf.c:2680 format_decode+0x49c/0x5d0 This happens because bpf_bprintf_prepare skips over the second %, detected as punctuation, while processing %p. This patch fixes it by not skipping over punctuation. %\x00 is then processed in the next iteration and rejected.

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:Linux
Assigner Org ID:416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Published At:16 Aug, 2025 | 11:12
Updated At:03 Nov, 2025 | 17:39
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)
bpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers static const char fmt[] = "%p%"; bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt)); The above BPF program isn't rejected and causes a kernel warning at runtime: Please remove unsupported %\x00 in format string WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 7244 at lib/vsprintf.c:2680 format_decode+0x49c/0x5d0 This happens because bpf_bprintf_prepare skips over the second %, detected as punctuation, while processing %p. This patch fixes it by not skipping over punctuation. %\x00 is then processed in the next iteration and rejected.

Affected Products
Vendor
Linux Kernel Organization, IncLinux
Product
Linux
Repo
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
Program Files
  • kernel/bpf/helpers.c
Default Status
unaffected
Versions
Affected
  • From 48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915 before 97303e541e12f1fea97834ec64b98991e8775f39 (git)
  • From 48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915 before 61d5fa45ed13e42af14c7e959baba9908b8ee6d4 (git)
  • From 48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915 before e7be679124bae8cf4fa6e40d7e1661baddfb3289 (git)
  • From 48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915 before 6952aeace93f8c9ea01849efecac24dd3152c9c9 (git)
  • From 48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915 before 1c5f5fd47bbda17cb885fe6f03730702cd53d3f8 (git)
  • From 48cac3f4a96ddf08df8e53809ed066de0dc93915 before f8242745871f81a3ac37f9f51853d12854fd0b58 (git)
Vendor
Linux Kernel Organization, IncLinux
Product
Linux
Repo
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
Program Files
  • kernel/bpf/helpers.c
Default Status
affected
Versions
Affected
  • 5.13
Unaffected
  • From 0 before 5.13 (semver)
  • From 5.15.190 through 5.15.* (semver)
  • From 6.1.147 through 6.1.* (semver)
  • From 6.6.100 through 6.6.* (semver)
  • From 6.12.40 through 6.12.* (semver)
  • From 6.15.8 through 6.15.* (semver)
  • From 6.16 through * (original_commit_for_fix)
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions
Configurations
Workarounds
Exploits
Credits
Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By
Rejected Reason
References
HyperlinkResource
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/97303e541e12f1fea97834ec64b98991e8775f39
N/A
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61d5fa45ed13e42af14c7e959baba9908b8ee6d4
N/A
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7be679124bae8cf4fa6e40d7e1661baddfb3289
N/A
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6952aeace93f8c9ea01849efecac24dd3152c9c9
N/A
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c5f5fd47bbda17cb885fe6f03730702cd53d3f8
N/A
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f8242745871f81a3ac37f9f51853d12854fd0b58
N/A
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/97303e541e12f1fea97834ec64b98991e8775f39
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61d5fa45ed13e42af14c7e959baba9908b8ee6d4
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7be679124bae8cf4fa6e40d7e1661baddfb3289
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6952aeace93f8c9ea01849efecac24dd3152c9c9
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c5f5fd47bbda17cb885fe6f03730702cd53d3f8
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f8242745871f81a3ac37f9f51853d12854fd0b58
Resource: N/A
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
CVE Program Container
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions
Configurations
Workarounds
Exploits
Credits
Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By
Rejected Reason
References
HyperlinkResource
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html
N/A
Hyperlink: https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html
Resource: N/A
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Published At:16 Aug, 2025 | 12:15
Updated At:07 Jan, 2026 | 19:21

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers static const char fmt[] = "%p%"; bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt)); The above BPF program isn't rejected and causes a kernel warning at runtime: Please remove unsupported %\x00 in format string WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 7244 at lib/vsprintf.c:2680 format_decode+0x49c/0x5d0 This happens because bpf_bprintf_prepare skips over the second %, detected as punctuation, while processing %p. This patch fixes it by not skipping over punctuation. %\x00 is then processed in the next iteration and rejected.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Primary3.15.5MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Type: Primary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 5.5
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CPE Matches
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>Versions from 5.13(inclusive) to 5.15.190(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>Versions from 5.16(inclusive) to 6.1.147(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>Versions from 6.2(inclusive) to 6.6.100(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>Versions from 6.7(inclusive) to 6.12.40(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>Versions from 6.13(inclusive) to 6.15.8(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.16
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.16
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.16
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.16
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.16
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
Linux Kernel Organization, Inc
linux
>>linux_kernel>>6.16
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.16:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*
Debian GNU/Linux
debian
>>debian_linux>>11.0
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
NVD-CWE-noinfoPrimarynvd@nist.gov
CWE ID: NVD-CWE-noinfo
Type: Primary
Source: nvd@nist.gov
Evaluator Description
Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements
References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c5f5fd47bbda17cb885fe6f03730702cd53d3f8416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61d5fa45ed13e42af14c7e959baba9908b8ee6d4416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6952aeace93f8c9ea01849efecac24dd3152c9c9416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/97303e541e12f1fea97834ec64b98991e8775f39416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7be679124bae8cf4fa6e40d7e1661baddfb3289416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f8242745871f81a3ac37f9f51853d12854fd0b58416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Patch
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.htmlaf854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Third Party Advisory
Mailing List
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c5f5fd47bbda17cb885fe6f03730702cd53d3f8
Source: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Resource:
Patch
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61d5fa45ed13e42af14c7e959baba9908b8ee6d4
Source: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Resource:
Patch
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6952aeace93f8c9ea01849efecac24dd3152c9c9
Source: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Resource:
Patch
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/97303e541e12f1fea97834ec64b98991e8775f39
Source: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Resource:
Patch
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7be679124bae8cf4fa6e40d7e1661baddfb3289
Source: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Resource:
Patch
Hyperlink: https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f8242745871f81a3ac37f9f51853d12854fd0b58
Source: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Resource:
Patch
Hyperlink: https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource:
Third Party Advisory
Mailing List

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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