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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2025-64103

Summary
Assigner-GitHub_M
Assigner Org ID-a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa
Published At-29 Oct, 2025 | 18:43
Updated At-30 Oct, 2025 | 14:51
Rejected At-
Credits

Zitadel Bypass Second Authentication Factor

Starting from 2.53.6, 2.54.3, and 2.55.0, Zitadel only required multi factor authentication in case the login policy has either enabled requireMFA or requireMFAForLocalUsers. If a user has set up MFA without this requirement, Zitadel would consider single factor auhtenticated sessions as valid as well and not require multiple factors. Bypassing second authentication factors weakens multifactor authentication and enables attackers to bypass the more secure factor. An attacker can target the TOTP code alone, only six digits, bypassing password verification entirely and potentially compromising accounts with 2FA enabled. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.6.0, 3.4.3, and 2.71.18.

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
â–¼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:GitHub_M
Assigner Org ID:a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa
Published At:29 Oct, 2025 | 18:43
Updated At:30 Oct, 2025 | 14:51
Rejected At:
â–¼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)
Zitadel Bypass Second Authentication Factor

Starting from 2.53.6, 2.54.3, and 2.55.0, Zitadel only required multi factor authentication in case the login policy has either enabled requireMFA or requireMFAForLocalUsers. If a user has set up MFA without this requirement, Zitadel would consider single factor auhtenticated sessions as valid as well and not require multiple factors. Bypassing second authentication factors weakens multifactor authentication and enables attackers to bypass the more secure factor. An attacker can target the TOTP code alone, only six digits, bypassing password verification entirely and potentially compromising accounts with 2FA enabled. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.6.0, 3.4.3, and 2.71.18.

Affected Products
Vendor
zitadel
Product
zitadel
Versions
Affected
  • >= 4.0.0-rc.1, < 4.6.0
  • >= 3.0.0-rc.1, < 3.4.3
  • >= 2.55.0, < 2.71.18
  • >= 2.54.3, <= 2.54.10
  • >= 2.53.6, <= 2.53.9
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
CWECWE-308CWE-308: Use of Single-factor Authentication
CWECWE-287CWE-287: Improper Authentication
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-308
Description: CWE-308: Use of Single-factor Authentication
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-287
Description: CWE-287: Improper Authentication
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
4.08.7HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Version: 4.0
Base score: 8.7
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-cfjq-28r2-4jv5
x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/b284f8474eed0cba531905101619e7ae7963156b
x_refsource_MISC
Hyperlink: https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-cfjq-28r2-4jv5
Resource:
x_refsource_CONFIRM
Hyperlink: https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/b284f8474eed0cba531905101619e7ae7963156b
Resource:
x_refsource_MISC
â–¼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
Information is not available yet
â–¼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:security-advisories@github.com
Published At:29 Oct, 2025 | 19:15
Updated At:04 Nov, 2025 | 13:17

Starting from 2.53.6, 2.54.3, and 2.55.0, Zitadel only required multi factor authentication in case the login policy has either enabled requireMFA or requireMFAForLocalUsers. If a user has set up MFA without this requirement, Zitadel would consider single factor auhtenticated sessions as valid as well and not require multiple factors. Bypassing second authentication factors weakens multifactor authentication and enables attackers to bypass the more secure factor. An attacker can target the TOTP code alone, only six digits, bypassing password verification entirely and potentially compromising accounts with 2FA enabled. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.6.0, 3.4.3, and 2.71.18.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Secondary4.08.7HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Primary3.19.8CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Type: Secondary
Version: 4.0
Base score: 8.7
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Type: Primary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 9.8
Base severity: CRITICAL
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CPE Matches

zitadel
zitadel
>>zitadel>>Versions from 2.53.6(inclusive) to 2.53.9(inclusive)
cpe:2.3:a:zitadel:zitadel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
zitadel
zitadel
>>zitadel>>Versions from 2.54.3(inclusive) to 2.54.10(inclusive)
cpe:2.3:a:zitadel:zitadel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
zitadel
zitadel
>>zitadel>>Versions from 2.55.0(inclusive) to 2.71.18(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:a:zitadel:zitadel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
zitadel
zitadel
>>zitadel>>Versions from 3.0.0(inclusive) to 3.4.3(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:a:zitadel:zitadel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
zitadel
zitadel
>>zitadel>>Versions from 4.0.0(inclusive) to 4.6.0(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:a:zitadel:zitadel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
CWE-287Secondarysecurity-advisories@github.com
CWE-308Secondarysecurity-advisories@github.com
CWE ID: CWE-287
Type: Secondary
Source: security-advisories@github.com
CWE ID: CWE-308
Type: Secondary
Source: security-advisories@github.com
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/b284f8474eed0cba531905101619e7ae7963156bsecurity-advisories@github.com
Patch
https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-cfjq-28r2-4jv5security-advisories@github.com
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/b284f8474eed0cba531905101619e7ae7963156b
Source: security-advisories@github.com
Resource:
Patch
Hyperlink: https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-cfjq-28r2-4jv5
Source: security-advisories@github.com
Resource:
Vendor Advisory

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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Improper Authentication
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Matching Score-4
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-wolfSSL Inc.
CVSS Score-9.4||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.06% / 19.91%
||
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CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2025-15069
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Financial Security Institute (FSI)
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Matching Score-4
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CVSS Score-8.4||HIGH
EPSS-0.01% / 1.62%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-29 Dec, 2025 | 05:05
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Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Privilege Escalation in Gmission Web FAX

Improper Authentication vulnerability in Gmission Web Fax allows Privilege Escalation.This issue affects Web Fax: from 3.0 before 3.0.1

Action-Not Available
Vendor-gmissionGmission
Product-web_faxWeb Fax
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2018-7847
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Schneider Electric
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Schneider Electric
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.96% / 76.31%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 May, 2019 | 20:00
Updated-05 Aug, 2024 | 06:37
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A CWE-284: Improper Access Control vulnerability exists in all versions of the Modicon M580, Modicon M340, Modicon Quantum, and Modicon Premium which could cause denial of service or potential code execution by overwriting configuration settings of the controller over Modbus.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/a
Product-modicon_quantummodicon_quantum_firmwaremodicon_m580_firmwaremodicon_premium_firmwaremodicon_premiummodicon_m340modicon_m340_firmwaremodicon_m580Modicon M580 Modicon M340 Modicon Quantum Modicon Premium
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2025-1475
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Wordfence
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Wordfence
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.71% / 72.09%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-07 Mar, 2025 | 06:40
Updated-07 Mar, 2025 | 16:23
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
WPCOM Member <= 1.7.5 - Authentication Bypass via 'user_phone'

The WPCOM Member plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 1.7.5. This is due to insufficient verification on the 'user_phone' parameter when logging in. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any existing user on the site, such as an administrator, if SMS login is enabled.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-whyun
Product-WPCOM Member
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2016-11074
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.41% / 60.88%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-19 Jun, 2020 | 19:26
Updated-06 Aug, 2024 | 03:47
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

An issue was discovered in Mattermost Server before 3.0.0. A password-reset link could be reused.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aMattermost, Inc.
Product-mattermost_servern/a
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-2572
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Octopus Deploy
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Octopus Deploy
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.39% / 59.86%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-01 Nov, 2022 | 00:00
Updated-06 May, 2025 | 04:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

In affected versions of Octopus Server where access is managed by an external authentication provider, it was possible that the API key/keys of a disabled/deleted user were still valid after the access was revoked.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Octopus Deploy Pty. Ltd.
Product-octopus_serverOctopus Server
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-26136
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Atlassian
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Atlassian
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.90% / 75.53%
||
7 Day CHG+0.32%
Published-20 Jul, 2022 | 17:25
Updated-03 Oct, 2024 | 17:35
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A vulnerability in multiple Atlassian products allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to bypass Servlet Filters used by first and third party apps. The impact depends on which filters are used by each app, and how the filters are used. This vulnerability can result in authentication bypass and cross-site scripting. Atlassian has released updates that fix the root cause of this vulnerability, but has not exhaustively enumerated all potential consequences of this vulnerability. Atlassian Bamboo versions are affected before 8.0.9, from 8.1.0 before 8.1.8, and from 8.2.0 before 8.2.4. Atlassian Bitbucket versions are affected before 7.6.16, from 7.7.0 before 7.17.8, from 7.18.0 before 7.19.5, from 7.20.0 before 7.20.2, from 7.21.0 before 7.21.2, and versions 8.0.0 and 8.1.0. Atlassian Confluence versions are affected before 7.4.17, from 7.5.0 before 7.13.7, from 7.14.0 before 7.14.3, from 7.15.0 before 7.15.2, from 7.16.0 before 7.16.4, from 7.17.0 before 7.17.4, and version 7.21.0. Atlassian Crowd versions are affected before 4.3.8, from 4.4.0 before 4.4.2, and version 5.0.0. Atlassian Fisheye and Crucible versions before 4.8.10 are affected. Atlassian Jira versions are affected before 8.13.22, from 8.14.0 before 8.20.10, and from 8.21.0 before 8.22.4. Atlassian Jira Service Management versions are affected before 4.13.22, from 4.14.0 before 4.20.10, and from 4.21.0 before 4.22.4.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Atlassian
Product-confluence_data_centerfisheyejira_serverbitbucketjira_service_deskbamboocruciblejira_data_centercrowdconfluence_serverjira_service_managementBamboo Data CenterBamboo ServerJira Service Management ServerConfluence ServerCrowd ServerBitbucket ServerJira Core ServerCrucibleFisheyeJira Service Management Data CenterConfluence Data CenterBitbucket Data CenterJira Software ServerCrowd Data CenterJira Software Data Centerconfluence_data_centerfisheyejira_serverbitbucketjira_service_deskbamboocruciblejira_data_centercrowdconfluence_serverjira_service_management
CWE ID-CWE-180
Incorrect Behavior Order: Validate Before Canonicalize
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-25369
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-80.33% / 99.10%
||
7 Day CHG+2.49%
Published-23 Jan, 2026 | 00:00
Updated-26 Jan, 2026 | 15:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

An issue was discovered in Dynamicweb before 9.12.8. An attacker can add a new administrator user without authentication. This flaw exists due to a logic issue when determining if the setup phases of the product can be run again. Once an attacker is authenticated as the new admin user they have added, it is possible to upload an executable file and achieve command execution. This is fixed in 9.5.9, 9.6.16, 9.7.8, 9.8.11, 9.9.8, 9.10.18, 9.12.8, and 9.13.0 (and later).

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/a
Product-n/a
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CWE ID-CWE-288
Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
CVE-2022-24047
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-5.3||MEDIUM
EPSS-1.74% / 82.30%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-18 Feb, 2022 | 19:51
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 03:59
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of BMC Track-It! 20.21.01.102. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the authorization of HTTP requests. The issue results from the lack of authentication prior to allowing access to functionality. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-14618.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-bmcBMC
Product-track-it\!Track-It!
CWE ID-CWE-288
Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-24422
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Dell
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Dell
CVSS Score-9.6||CRITICAL
EPSS-15.79% / 94.63%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-26 May, 2022 | 15:20
Updated-16 Sep, 2024 | 22:31
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Dell iDRAC9 versions 5.00.00.00 and later but prior to 5.10.10.00, contain an improper authentication vulnerability. A remote unauthenticated attacker may potentially exploit this vulnerability to gain access to the VNC Console.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Dell Inc.
Product-idrac9Integrated Dell Remote Access Controller 9
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-24259
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-2.92% / 86.20%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-04 Feb, 2022 | 16:10
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 04:07
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

An incorrect check in the component cdr.php of Voipmonitor GUI before v24.96 allows unauthenticated attackers to escalate privileges via a crafted request.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-voipmonitorn/a
Product-voipmonitorn/a
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-24883
Matching Score-4
Assigner-GitHub, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-GitHub, Inc.
CVSS Score-7.4||HIGH
EPSS-0.98% / 76.54%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-26 Apr, 2022 | 00:00
Updated-03 Nov, 2025 | 21:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
FreeRDP Server authentication might allow invalid credentials to pass

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). Prior to version 2.7.0, server side authentication against a `SAM` file might be successful for invalid credentials if the server has configured an invalid `SAM` file path. FreeRDP based clients are not affected. RDP server implementations using FreeRDP to authenticate against a `SAM` file are affected. Version 2.7.0 contains a fix for this issue. As a workaround, use custom authentication via `HashCallback` and/or ensure the `SAM` database path configured is valid and the application has file handles left.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-FreeRDPFedora Project
Product-fedorafreerdpFreeRDP
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-23769
Matching Score-4
Assigner-KrCERT/CC
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-KrCERT/CC
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-1.95% / 83.26%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-17 Oct, 2022 | 00:00
Updated-13 May, 2025 | 20:09
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Secuever reverseWall-MDS Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Remote code execution vulnerability due to insufficient user privilege verification in reverseWall-MDS. Remote attackers can exploit the vulnerability such as stealing account, through remote code execution.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-megazoneSecuever Co.,LtdMicrosoft Corporation
Product-windowsreversewall-mdsreverseWall-MDS
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-22831
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-15.86% / 94.64%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-06 Feb, 2022 | 20:53
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 03:28
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

An issue was discovered in Servisnet Tessa 0.0.2. An attacker can add a new sysadmin user via a manipulation of the Authorization HTTP header.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-servisnetn/a
Product-tessan/a
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-22956
Matching Score-4
Assigner-VMware by Broadcom
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-VMware by Broadcom
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-81.45% / 99.16%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-13 Apr, 2022 | 00:00
Updated-13 Feb, 2025 | 16:28
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

VMware Workspace ONE Access has two authentication bypass vulnerabilities (CVE-2022-22955 & CVE-2022-22956) in the OAuth2 ACS framework. A malicious actor may bypass the authentication mechanism and execute any operation due to exposed endpoints in the authentication framework.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aLinux Kernel Organization, IncVMware (Broadcom Inc.)
Product-vrealize_automationidentity_managerlinux_kernelworkspace_one_accessVMware Workspace ONE Access
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2025-11625
Matching Score-4
Assigner-wolfSSL Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-wolfSSL Inc.
CVSS Score-9.4||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.11% / 29.30%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-21 Oct, 2025 | 13:25
Updated-06 Jan, 2026 | 17:45
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Host verification bypass and credential leak

Improper host authentication vulnerability in wolfSSH version 1.4.20 and earlier clients that allows authentication bypass and leaking of clients credentials.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-wolfsshwolfSSL
Product-wolfsshwolfSSH
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-23178
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-93.64% / 99.83%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-15 Jan, 2022 | 14:40
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 03:36
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

An issue was discovered on Crestron HD-MD4X2-4K-E 1.0.0.2159 devices. When the administrative web interface of the HDMI switcher is accessed unauthenticated, user credentials are disclosed that are valid to authenticate to the web interface. Specifically, aj.html sends a JSON document with uname and upassword fields.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aCrestron Electronics, Inc.
Product-hd-md4x2-4k-ehd-md4x2-4k-e_firmwaren/a
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-2302
Matching Score-4
Assigner-CERT@VDE
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-CERT@VDE
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.68% / 71.34%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Jul, 2022 | 10:40
Updated-16 Sep, 2024 | 22:57
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
LENZE: Missing password verification in authorisation procedure

Multiple Lenze products of the cabinet series skip the password verification upon second login. After a user has been logged on to the device once, a remote attacker can get full access without knowledge of the password.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-lenzeLENZE
Product-c550c550_firmwarec520_firmwarec750_firmwarec750c520cabinet c520cabinet c750cabinet c550
CWE ID-CWE-304
Missing Critical Step in Authentication
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-23126
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-1.03% / 77.09%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-24 Jan, 2022 | 18:07
Updated-28 May, 2025 | 21:48
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

TeslaMate before 1.25.1 (when using the default Docker configuration) allows attackers to open doors of Tesla vehicles, start Keyless Driving, and interfere with vehicle operation en route. This occurs because an attacker can leverage Grafana login access to obtain a token for Tesla API calls.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-teslamaten/a
Product-teslamaten/a
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2025-11942
Matching Score-4
Assigner-VulDB
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-VulDB
CVSS Score-6.9||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.43% / 62.28%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-19 Oct, 2025 | 16:02
Updated-17 Nov, 2025 | 12:45
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
70mai X200 Pairing missing authentication

A flaw has been found in 70mai X200 up to 20251010. Affected is an unknown function of the component Pairing. Executing manipulation can lead to missing authentication. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-70mai70mai
Product-x200_firmwarex200X200
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CWE ID-CWE-306
Missing Authentication for Critical Function
CVE-2023-47504
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Patchstack
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Patchstack
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-7.84% / 91.87%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-24 Apr, 2024 | 15:49
Updated-05 Feb, 2025 | 15:34
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
WordPress Elementor plugin <= 3.16.4 - Auth. Arbitrary Attachment Read vulnerability

Improper Authentication vulnerability in Elementor Elementor Website Builder allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Elementor Website Builder: from n/a through 3.16.4.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-elementorElementor
Product-website_builderElementor Website Builder
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-20733
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Cisco Systems, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Cisco Systems, Inc.
CVSS Score-5.3||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.52% / 66.48%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-15 Jun, 2022 | 17:55
Updated-06 Nov, 2024 | 16:12
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Cisco Identity Services Engine Authentication Bypass Vulnerability

A vulnerability in the login page of Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to log in without credentials and access all roles without any restrictions. This vulnerability is due to exposed sensitive Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) metadata. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using the exposed SAML metadata to bypass authentication to the user portal. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to access all roles without any restrictions.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Cisco Systems, Inc.
Product-identity_services_engineCisco Identity Services Engine Software
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-2336
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) Industrial Control Systems (ICS)
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) Industrial Control Systems (ICS)
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.24% / 46.81%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-17 Aug, 2022 | 20:07
Updated-16 Apr, 2025 | 16:13
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Softing Secure Integration Server Improper Authentication

Softing Secure Integration Server, edgeConnector, and edgeAggregator software ships with the default administrator credentials as `admin` and password as `admin`. This allows Softing to log in to the server directly to perform administrative functions. Upon installation or upon first login, the application does not ask the user to change the `admin` password. There is no warning or prompt to ask the user to change the default password, and to change the password, many steps are required.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-softingSofting
Product-edgeconnectorsecure_integration_serveropc_ua_c\+\+_software_development_kitopcuagatesedgeaggregatorSecure Integration ServeredgeConnector SiemensedgeAggregatoredgeConnector 840DedgeConnector Modbus
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-22796
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Israel National Cyber Directorate (INCD)
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Israel National Cyber Directorate (INCD)
CVSS Score-7||HIGH
EPSS-0.23% / 45.57%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-12 May, 2022 | 19:47
Updated-17 Sep, 2024 | 02:27
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Sysaid – Sysaid System Takeover

Sysaid – Sysaid System Takeover - An attacker can bypass the authentication process by accessing to: /wmiwizard.jsp, Then to: /ConcurrentLogin.jsp, then click on the login button, and it will redirect you to /home.jsp without any authentication.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-SysAid Technologies Ltd.
Product-sysaidSysaid
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2025-12374
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Wordfence
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Wordfence
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.45% / 63.25%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-05 Dec, 2025 | 06:07
Updated-08 Dec, 2025 | 18:27
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Email Verification, Email OTP, Block Spam Email, Passwordless login, Hide Login, Magic Login – User Verification <= 2.0.39 - Authentication Bypass to Account Takeover

The Email Verification, Email OTP, Block Spam Email, Passwordless login, Hide Login, Magic Login – User Verification plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.39. This is due to the plugin not properly validating that an OTP was generated before comparing it to user input in the "user_verification_form_wrap_process_otpLogin" function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any user with a verified email address, such as an administrator, by submitting an empty OTP value.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-pickplugins
Product-User Verification by PickPlugins
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-2197
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) Industrial Control Systems (ICS)
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) Industrial Control Systems (ICS)
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.21% / 43.50%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-30 Jun, 2022 | 18:42
Updated-16 Apr, 2025 | 16:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Exemys RME1

By using a specific credential string, an attacker with network access to the device’s web interface could circumvent the authentication scheme and perform administrative operations.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-exemysExemys
Product-rme1_firmwarerme1RME1-AI firmware
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-22730
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Intel Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Intel Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.40% / 60.66%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-18 Aug, 2022 | 19:44
Updated-05 May, 2025 | 17:17
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Improper authentication in the Intel(R) Edge Insights for Industrial software before version 2.6.1 may allow an unauthenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via network access.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aIntel Corporation
Product-edge_insights_for_industrialIntel(R) Edge Insights for Industrial software
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2025-52856
Matching Score-4
Assigner-QNAP Systems, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-QNAP Systems, Inc.
CVSS Score-9.3||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.47% / 64.14%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-29 Aug, 2025 | 17:17
Updated-26 Feb, 2026 | 17:47
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
VioStor

An improper authentication vulnerability has been reported to affect VioStor. If a remote attacker, they can then exploit the vulnerability to compromise the security of the system. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version: VioStor 5.1.6 build 20250621 and later

Action-Not Available
Vendor-QNAP Systems, Inc.
Product-qvrVioStor
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2025-60772
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.29% / 52.15%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-21 Oct, 2025 | 00:00
Updated-22 Oct, 2025 | 15:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Improper authentication in the web-based management interface of NETLINK HG322G V1.0.00-231017, allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to escalate privileges and lock out the legitimate administrator via crafted HTTP requests.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/a
Product-n/a
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2023-46249
Matching Score-4
Assigner-GitHub, Inc.
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-GitHub, Inc.
CVSS Score-9.7||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.83% / 74.39%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-31 Oct, 2023 | 15:20
Updated-05 Sep, 2024 | 15:55
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
authentik potential installation takeover when default admin user is deleted

authentik is an open-source Identity Provider. Prior to versions 2023.8.4 and 2023.10.2, when the default admin user has been deleted, it is potentially possible for an attacker to set the password of the default admin user without any authentication. authentik uses a blueprint to create the default admin user, which can also optionally set the default admin users' password from an environment variable. When the user is deleted, the `initial-setup` flow used to configure authentik after the first installation becomes available again. authentik 2023.8.4 and 2023.10.2 fix this issue. As a workaround, ensure the default admin user (Username `akadmin`) exists and has a password set. It is recommended to use a very strong password for this user, and store it in a secure location like a password manager. It is also possible to deactivate the user to prevent any logins as akadmin.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-goauthentikgoauthentikgoauthentik
Product-authentikauthentikauthentik
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CWE ID-CWE-306
Missing Authentication for Critical Function
CVE-2025-11287
Matching Score-4
Assigner-VulDB
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-VulDB
CVSS Score-6.9||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.38% / 59.23%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-05 Oct, 2025 | 07:02
Updated-09 Oct, 2025 | 17:18
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
samanhappy MCPHub sseService.ts handleSseConnectionfunction improper authentication

A vulnerability was identified in samanhappy MCPHub up to 0.9.10. This vulnerability affects the function handleSseConnectionfunction of the file src/services/sseService.ts. Such manipulation leads to improper authentication. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-mcphubxsamanhappy
Product-mcphubMCPHub
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2025-11529
Matching Score-4
Assigner-VulDB
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-VulDB
CVSS Score-6.9||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.25% / 47.74%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-09 Oct, 2025 | 03:02
Updated-24 Feb, 2026 | 07:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
ChurchCRM API Endpoint AuthMiddleware.php AuthMiddleware missing authentication

A security flaw has been discovered in ChurchCRM up to 5.18.0. This impacts the function AuthMiddleware of the file src/ChurchCRM/Slim/Middleware/AuthMiddleware.php of the component API Endpoint. The manipulation results in missing authentication. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The patch is identified as 3a1cffd2aea63d884025949cfbcfd274d06216a4. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-churchcrmn/a
Product-churchcrmChurchCRM
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CWE ID-CWE-306
Missing Authentication for Critical Function
CVE-2022-21196
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) Industrial Control Systems (ICS)
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) Industrial Control Systems (ICS)
CVSS Score-10||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.56% / 68.14%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-18 Feb, 2022 | 17:50
Updated-16 Apr, 2025 | 16:45
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Airspan Networks Mimosa Improper Authorization

MMP: All versions prior to v1.0.3, PTP C-series: Device versions prior to v2.8.6.1, and PTMP C-series and A5x: Device versions prior to v2.5.4.1 does not perform proper authorization and authentication checks on multiple API routes. An attacker may gain access to these API routes and achieve remote code execution, create a denial-of-service condition, and obtain sensitive information.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Airspan Networks
Product-a5xa5x_firmwarec5cc5xc6x_firmwarec5c_firmwarec6xmimosa_management_platformc5x_firmwarePTP C-seriesMMPPTMP C-series and A5x
CWE ID-CWE-285
Improper Authorization
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
CVE-2022-20923
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Cisco Systems, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Cisco Systems, Inc.
CVSS Score-4||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.15% / 36.09%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-08 Sep, 2022 | 12:30
Updated-06 Nov, 2024 | 16:07
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers IPSec VPN Server Authentication Bypass Vulnerability

A vulnerability in the IPSec VPN Server authentication functionality of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication controls and access the IPSec VPN network. This vulnerability is due to the improper implementation of the password validation algorithm. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by logging in to the VPN from an affected device with crafted credentials. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass authentication and access the IPSec VPN network. The attacker may obtain privileges that are the same level as an administrative user, depending on the crafted credentials that are used. Cisco has not released software updates that address this vulnerability.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Cisco Systems, Inc.
Product-rv130w_firmwarerv130_firmwarerv110wrv110w_firmwarerv130wrv215wrv130rv215w_firmwareCisco Small Business RV Series Router Firmware
CWE ID-CWE-303
Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm
CWE ID-CWE-287
Improper Authentication
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