redhat-certification 7 does not properly restrict the number of recursive definitions of entities in XML documents, allowing an unauthenticated user to run a "Billion Laugh Attack" by replying to XMLRPC methods when getting the status of an host.

It was discovered that the is-my-json-valid JavaScript library used an inefficient regular expression to validate JSON fields defined to have email format. A specially crafted JSON file could cause it to consume an excessive amount of CPU time when validated.

webtransport-go is an implementation of the WebTransport protocol. Prior to v0.10.0, an attacker can cause a denial of service in webtransport-go by preventing or indefinitely delaying WebTransport session closure. A malicious peer can withhold QUIC flow control credit on the CONNECT stream, blocking transmission of the WT_CLOSE_SESSION capsule and causing the close operation to hang. This vulnerability is fixed in v0.10.0.

An issue discovered in Python Charmers Future 0.18.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via crafted Set-Cookie header from malicious web server.

ZIV Automation 4CCT-EA6-334126BF firmware version 3.23.80.27.36371, allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service condition on the device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending specific packets to the port 7919.

The Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement Protocol allows use of long exponents that arguably make certain calculations unnecessarily expensive, because the 1996 van Oorschot and Wiener paper found that "(appropriately) short exponents" can be used when there are adequate subgroup constraints, and these short exponents can lead to less expensive calculations than for long exponents. This issue is different from CVE-2002-20001 because it is based on an observation about exponent size, rather than an observation about numbers that are not public keys. The specific situations in which calculation expense would constitute a server-side vulnerability depend on the protocol (e.g., TLS, SSH, or IKE) and the DHE implementation details. In general, there might be an availability concern because of server-side resource consumption from DHE modular-exponentiation calculations. Finally, it is possible for an attacker to exploit this vulnerability and CVE-2002-20001 together.

A vulnerability was found in Braces versions 2.2.0 and above, prior to 2.3.1. Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) attacks.

A vulnerability in the SSH service of Cisco IEC6400 Wireless Backhaul Edge Compute Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause the SSH service to stop responding. This vulnerability exists because the SSH service lacks effective flood protection. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by initiating a denial of service (DoS) attack against the SSH port. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the SSH service to be unresponsive during the period of the DoS attack. All other operations remain stable during the attack.

Python-Multipart is a streaming multipart parser for Python. Prior to 0.0.30, when parsing application/x-www-form-urlencoded bodies, QuerystringParser located the field separator with a two step lookup: it first scanned the entire remaining buffer for &, and only when no & existed anywhere ahead did it fall back to scanning for ;. For a body that uses ; as the separator and contains no &, every field iteration performed a full failed & scan over the entire remaining buffer before locating the nearby ;. With N semicolon separated fields in a chunk of size B, this yields O(B^2) byte comparisons per chunk. An attacker can submit a small crafted body of the form a;a;a;... and cause the parser to spend seconds of CPU per request. A handful of concurrent requests can exhaust worker processes. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.0.30.

Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.101, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q3.0 through 2023.Q3.4, 7.4 GA through update 92 and 7.3 GA though update 35 does not limit the number of objects returned from a GraphQL queries, which allows remote attackers to perform denial-of-service (DoS) attacks on the application by executing queries that return a large number of objects.

aaugustin websockets version 4 contains a CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification) vulnerability in Servers and clients, unless configured with compression=None that can result in Denial of Service by memory exhaustion. This attack appear to be exploitable via Sending a specially crafted frame on an established connection. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in 5.

Istio is an open platform-independent service mesh that provides traffic management, policy enforcement, and telemetry collection. Prior to versions 1.15.2, 1.14.5, and 1.13.9, the Istio control plane, istiod, is vulnerable to a request processing error, allowing a malicious attacker that sends a specially crafted or oversized message which results in the control plane crashing when the Kubernetes validating or mutating webhook service is exposed publicly. This endpoint is served over TLS port 15017, but does not require any authentication from the attacker. For simple installations, Istiod is typically only reachable from within the cluster, limiting the blast radius. However, for some deployments, especially external istiod topologies, this port is exposed over the public internet. Versions 1.15.2, 1.14.5, and 1.13.9 contain patches for this issue. There are no effective workarounds, beyond upgrading. This bug is due to an error in `regexp.Compile` in Go.

In Eclipse Jetty versions 12.0.0 to 12.0.16 included, an HTTP/2 client can specify a very large value for the HTTP/2 settings parameter SETTINGS_MAX_HEADER_LIST_SIZE. The Jetty HTTP/2 server does not perform validation on this setting, and tries to allocate a ByteBuffer of the specified capacity to encode HTTP responses, likely resulting in OutOfMemoryError being thrown, or even the JVM process exiting.

An issue was discovered in Iglu Server 0.13.0 and below. It involves sending very large payloads to a particular API endpoint of Iglu Server and can render it completely unresponsive. If the operation of Iglu Server is not restored, event processing in the pipeline would eventually halt.

Traefik (pronounced traffic) is a modern HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer that assists in deploying microservices. There is a potential vulnerability in Traefik managing HTTP/2 connections. A closing HTTP/2 server connection could hang forever because of a subsequent fatal error. This failure mode could be exploited to cause a denial of service. There has been a patch released in versions 2.8.8 and 2.9.0-rc5. There are currently no known workarounds.

An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 2200, 1480, and 2400. The absence of a null check leads to a Denial of Service at amdgpu_cs_ib_fill in the Xclipse Driver.

dparse is a parser for Python dependency files. dparse in versions before 0.5.2 contain a regular expression that is vulnerable to a Regular Expression Denial of Service. All the users parsing index server URLs with dparse are impacted by this vulnerability. A patch has been applied in version `0.5.2`, all the users are advised to upgrade to `0.5.2` as soon as possible. Users unable to upgrade should avoid passing index server URLs in the source file to be parsed.

A denial-of-service issue was addressed with improved validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3, macOS Tahoe 26.3, tvOS 26.3, visionOS 26.3, watchOS 26.3. An attacker in a privileged network position may be able to perform denial-of-service attack using crafted Bluetooth packets.

In Varnish Cache 7.0.0, 7.0.1, 7.0.2, and 7.1.0, it is possible to cause the Varnish Server to assert and automatically restart through forged HTTP/1 backend responses. An attack uses a crafted reason phrase of the backend response status line. This is fixed in 7.0.3 and 7.1.1.

.NET Core and Visual Studio Denial of Service Vulnerability

A denial of service vulnerability exists in Delta Electronics DIAEnergie v1.10.1.8610 and prior. When processing an 'ICS Restart!' message, CEBC.exe restarts the system.

A vulnerability exists in the ClearPass Policy Manager Guest User Interface that can allow an unauthenticated attacker to send specific operations which result in a Denial-of-Service condition. A successful exploitation of this vulnerability results in the unavailability of the guest interface in Aruba ClearPass Policy Manager version(s): 6.10.x: 6.10.6 and below; 6.9.x: 6.9.11 and below. Aruba has released upgrades for Aruba ClearPass Policy Manager that address this security vulnerability.

In HotelDruid 3.0.7, an unauthenticated attacker can exploit verbose SQL error messages on creadb.php before the 'create database' button is pressed. By sending malformed POST requests to this endpoint, the attacker may obtain the administrator username, password hash, and salt. In some cases, the attack results in a Denial of Service (DoS), preventing the administrator from logging in even with the correct credentials.

Langflow is a tool for building and deploying AI-powered agents and workflows. Prior to 1.0.19, an attacker can send a /api/v1/files/upload/ request without any authentication token/cookies and abuse a very long multipart form boundary to make the langflow app unusable for all users for an indefinite amount of time. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.0.19.

A vulnerability has been identified in APOGEE MBC (PPC) (BACnet) (All versions), APOGEE MBC (PPC) (P2 Ethernet) (All versions), APOGEE MEC (PPC) (BACnet) (All versions), APOGEE MEC (PPC) (P2 Ethernet) (All versions), APOGEE PXC Compact (BACnet) (All versions < V3.5.7), APOGEE PXC Compact (P2 Ethernet) (All versions < V2.8.21), APOGEE PXC Modular (BACnet) (All versions < V3.5.7), APOGEE PXC Modular (P2 Ethernet) (All versions < V2.8.21), Desigo PXC00-E.D (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Desigo PXC00-U (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Desigo PXC001-E.D (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Desigo PXC100-E.D (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Desigo PXC12-E.D (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Desigo PXC128-U (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Desigo PXC200-E.D (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Desigo PXC22-E.D (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Desigo PXC22.1-E.D (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Desigo PXC36.1-E.D (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Desigo PXC50-E.D (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Desigo PXC64-U (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Desigo PXM20-E (All versions >= V2.3 < V6.30.37), Nucleus NET for Nucleus PLUS V1 (All versions < V5.2a), Nucleus NET for Nucleus PLUS V2 (All versions < V5.4), Nucleus ReadyStart V3 V2012 (All versions < V2012.08.1), Nucleus ReadyStart V3 V2017 (All versions < V2017.02.4), Nucleus Source Code (All versions including affected FTP server), TALON TC Compact (BACnet) (All versions < V3.5.7), TALON TC Modular (BACnet) (All versions < V3.5.7). The FTP server does not properly release memory resources that were reserved for incomplete connection attempts by FTP clients. This could allow a remote attacker to generate a denial of service condition on devices that incorporate a vulnerable version of the FTP server.

The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in Safari 26.3, iOS 18.7.5 and iPadOS 18.7.5, iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3, macOS Tahoe 26.3, visionOS 26.3. A remote attacker may be able to cause a denial-of-service.

An uncontrolled resource consumption issue when parsing URLs in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions prior to 15.3.5, 15.4 prior to 15.4.4, and 15.5 prior to 15.5.2 allows an attacker to cause performance issues and potentially a denial of service on the GitLab instance.

The CMS800 device fails while attempting to parse malformed network data sent by a threat actor. A threat actor with network access can remotely issue a specially formatted UDP request that will cause the entire device to crash and require a physical reboot. A UDP broadcast request could be sent that causes a mass denial-of-service attack on all CME8000 devices connected to the same network.

Traefik before 2.10.5 and 3.0.0-beta4 is affected by a denial-of-service vulnerability in HTTP/2 request handling inherited from the Go standard library's HTTP/2 implementation (CVE-2023-44487 / CVE-2023-39325, the 'Rapid Reset' technique). A remote attacker can rapidly create and cancel HTTP/2 streams to exhaust server resources and cause service unavailability.

A vulnerability has been identified in Automation License Manager 5 (All versions), Automation License Manager 6 (All versions < V6.0 SP9 Update 2). Sending specially crafted packets to port 4410/tcp of an affected system could lead to extensive memory being consumed and as such could cause a denial-of-service preventing legitimate users from using the system.

nitrado.js is a type safe wrapper for the Nitrado API. Possible ReDoS with lib input of `{{` and with many repetitions of `{{|`. This issue has been patched in all versions above `0.2.5`. There are currently no known workarounds.

Apache Fluss versions prior to 0.9.1 configure the Netty LengthFieldBasedFrameDecoder with Integer.MAX_VALUE as the maximum frame length, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to exhaust JVM heap memory on TabletServer and CoordinatorServer by sending specially crafted frame headers, resulting in denial of service. This issue affects Apache Fluss (incubating): 0.8.0 and 0.9.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.9.1, which fixes the issue.

An improper privilege management issue that could allow an attacker to cause a denial of service over the OTA mechanism was discovered in Western Digital My Cloud Home, My Cloud Home Duo and SanDisk ibi devices.This issue affects My Cloud Home and My Cloud Home Duo: before 9.4.0-191; ibi: before 9.4.0-191.

There is no restriction on the amount of attachment headers that a message can contain when being deserialized by Apache CXF, which can lead to uncontrolled resource consumption or a denial of service attack. Users are recommended to upgrade to versions 4.2.2 or 4.1.7, which fix this issue by imposing a maximum default of 500 attachments per message.

Windows Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Denial of Service Vulnerability

v8n is a javascript validation library. Versions of v8n prior to 1.5.1 were found to have an inefficient regular expression complexity in the `lowercase()` and `uppercase()` regex which could lead to a denial of service attack. In testing of the `lowercase()` function a payload of 'a' + 'a'.repeat(i) + 'A' with 32 leading characters took 29443 ms to execute. The same issue happens with uppercase(). Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this issue.

Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, RedisArrayAggregator pre-allocates ArrayList with initial capacity equal to the RESP array element count declared in an array header. That count is taken from the wire before the corresponding child messages exist. A small malicious header can claim a huge initial capacity. Versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final patch the issue.

In BIG-IP Versions 16.1.x before 16.1.2.2, 15.1.x before 15.1.6.1, and 14.1.x before 14.1.5, when an HTTP2 profile is configured on a virtual server, undisclosed traffic can cause an increase in memory resource utilization. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

js-toml is a TOML parser for JavaScript, fully compliant with the TOML 1.0.0 Spec. Versions up to and including 1.1.0 parse hexadecimal / octal / binary integer literals via a hand-written `parseBigInt` loop that multiplies a `BigInt` accumulator by the radix once per input digit. Each iteration performs a `BigInt * BigInt` operation on an accumulator that grows linearly with the number of digits already consumed, so the whole loop is O(n²) in the literal length. The lexer regex places no upper bound on the literal length, so a single TOML document containing one ~500 kB hex literal pins one CPU core for ~40 seconds on a modern laptop (Apple M-series, Node v22). Memory amplification is bounded but CPU amplification is severe and grows quadratically: doubling the literal length quadruples the work. A caller that invokes `load()` on attacker-controlled TOML (configuration upload endpoints, CI/CD systems ingesting third-party `*.toml`, IDE plugins, build tools) is exposed to a single-request CPU exhaustion DoS. Version 1.1.1 fixes the issue.

A vulnerability was determined in birkir prime up to 0.4.0.beta.0. This affects an unknown function of the file /graphql of the component GraphQL Alias Handler. This manipulation causes resource consumption. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Impact: The undici WebSocket client enforces maxPayloadSize on the cumulative byte count of fragments in a message but does not enforce a limit on the number of fragments. A malicious WebSocket server can stream many small or empty continuation frames that each pass per-frame and cumulative-size validation, collectively causing unbounded memory growth in the client process. The result is memory exhaustion and a denial of service. Affected applications are those using the undici WebSocket client (new WebSocket(...)) or the WebSocketStream API that can be induced to connect to an attacker-controlled or compromised WebSocket endpoint. All releases starting at undici 6.17.0 are affected. Patches: Upgrade to undici >= 6.26.0, >= 7.28.0, or >= 8.5.0. Workarounds: No workaround is available. The fix must be applied through an upgrade.

A flaw has been found in warmcat libwebsockets up to 4.5.8. This issue affects the function lws_ssh_parse_plaintext of the file plugins/protocol_lws_ssh_base/sshd.c of the component SSH Protocol Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument msg_len can lead to resource consumption. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. This patch is called 3f9f0c6ecaf0e6f3f219d30632c5d1f2479d7498. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.

Remote denial of service vulnerability in LAN Messenger affecting version 3.4.0. This vulnerability allows an attacker to crash the LAN Messenger service by sending a long string directly and continuously over the UDP protocol.

Apache James server JMAP HTML to text plain implementation in versions below 3.8.2 and 3.7.6 is subject to unbounded memory consumption that can result in a denial of service. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.7.6 and 3.8.2, which fix this issue.

kafka-python prior to 2.3.2 contains a denial-of-service vulnerability in SCRAM authentication handling that allows a malicious or machine-in-the-middle broker to freeze the client event loop by supplying an excessively large iteration count. In scram.py, ScramClient.process_server_first_message() passes the broker-controlled SCRAM iteration count directly to hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac() without validation, blocking producer sends, consumer polls, admin operations, and heartbeats, which can cause consumer group eviction and repeated reconnect failures.

A vulnerability has been found in Shibby Tomato 1.28. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file usr/sbin/miniupnpd. Such manipulation leads to resource consumption. The attack may be launched remotely. This project is superseded by FreshTomato. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

A security vulnerability has been detected in NousResearch hermes-agent up to 2026.4.30. This vulnerability affects the function _handle_webhook_request of the file gateway/platforms/feishu.py of the component Webhook Endpoint. Such manipulation leads to resource consumption. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.