Qwik is a performance focused javascript framework. Prior to version 1.19.0, a prototype pollution vulnerability exists in the formToObj() function within @builder.io/qwik-city middleware. The function processes form field names with dot notation (e.g., user.name) to create nested objects, but fails to sanitize dangerous property names like __proto__, constructor, and prototype. This allows unauthenticated attackers to pollute Object.prototype by sending crafted HTTP POST requests, potentially leading to privilege escalation, authentication bypass, or denial of service. This issue has been patched in version 1.19.0.

A flaw was found in libxml2. This vulnerability occurs when the library processes a specially crafted XML Schema Definition (XSD) validated document that includes an internal entity reference. An attacker could exploit this by providing a malicious document, leading to a type confusion error that causes the application to crash. This results in a denial of service (DoS), making the affected system or application unavailable.

The vulnerability allows any attacker to cause the PeerTube server to stop functioning, or in special cases send requests to arbitrary URLs (Blind SSRF). Attackers can send ActivityPub activities to PeerTube's "inbox" endpoint. By abusing the "Create Activity" functionality, it is possible to create crafted playlists which will cause either denial of service or an attacker-controlled blind SSRF.

Versions of the package algoliasearch-helper from 2.0.0-rc1 and before 3.11.2 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution in the _merge() function in merge.js, which allows constructor.prototype to be written even though doing so throws an error. In the "extreme edge-case" that the resulting error is caught, code injected into the user-supplied search parameter may be exeucted. This is related to but distinct from the issue reported in [CVE-2021-23433](https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-ALGOLIASEARCHHELPER-1570421). **NOTE:** This vulnerability is not exploitable in the default configuration of InstantSearch since searchParameters are not modifiable by users.

Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to 9.6.0-alpha.24 and 8.6.47, remote clients can crash the Parse Server process by calling a cloud function endpoint with a crafted function name that traverses the JavaScript prototype chain of a registered cloud function handler, causing a stack overflow. The fix in versions 9.6.0-alpha.24 and 8.6.47 restricts property lookups during cloud function name resolution to own properties only, preventing prototype chain traversal from stored function handlers. There is no known workaround.

Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to 8.6.13 and 9.5.1-alpha.2, an unauthenticated attacker can crash the Parse Server process by calling a Cloud Function endpoint with a prototype property name as the function name. The server recurses infinitely, causing a call stack size error that terminates the process. Other prototype property names bypass Cloud Function dispatch validation and return HTTP 200 responses, even though no such Cloud Functions are defined. The same applies to dot-notation traversal. All Parse Server deployments that expose the Cloud Function endpoint are affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 8.6.13 and 9.5.1-alpha.2.

Svelte devalue is a JavaScript library that serializes values into strings when JSON.stringify isn't sufficient for the job. In devalue v5.6.3 and earlier, devalue.parse and devalue.unflatten were susceptible to prototype pollution via maliciously crafted payloads. Successful exploitation could lead to Denial of Service (DoS) or type confusion. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.6.4.

Lexbor is a web browser engine library. Prior to 2.7.0, a type‑confusion vulnerability exists in Lexbor’s HTML fragment parser. When ns = UNDEF, a comment is created using the “unknown element” constructor. The comment’s data are written into the element’s fields via an unsafe cast, corrupting the qualified_name field. That corrupted value is later used as a pointer and dereferenced near the zero page. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.7.0.

The HwNearbyMain module has a Data Processing Errors vulnerability.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause a process to restart.

A type confusion issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.3 and iPadOS 18.3, macOS Sequoia 15.3, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5, macOS Ventura 13.7.5, tvOS 18.3, visionOS 2.3. An attacker on the local network may cause an unexpected app termination.

All versions of the package utilities are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the _mix function.

Versions of the package dottie before 2.0.4 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution due to insufficient checks, via the set() function and the current variable in the /dottie.js file.

Versions of the package underscore-keypath from 0.0.11 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the name argument of the setProperty() function. Exploiting this vulnerability is possible due to improper input sanitization which allows the usage of arguments like “__proto__”.

All versions of the package rangy are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution when using the extend() function in file rangy-core.js.The function uses recursive merge which can lead an attacker to modify properties of the Object.prototype

Versions of the package collection.js before 6.8.1 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the extend function in Collection.js/dist/node/iterators/extend.js.

All versions of the package dot-lens are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the set() function in index.js file.

This affects the package express-fileupload before 1.1.8. If the parseNested option is enabled, sending a corrupt HTTP request can lead to denial of service or arbitrary code execution.

This affects all versions of package mout. The deepFillIn function can be used to 'fill missing properties recursively', while the deepMixIn 'mixes objects into the target object, recursively mixing existing child objects as well'. In both cases, the key used to access the target object recursively is not checked, leading to a Prototype Pollution.

This affects the package chart.js before 2.9.4. The options parameter is not properly sanitized when it is processed. When the options are processed, the existing options (or the defaults options) are deeply merged with provided options. However, during this operation, the keys of the object being set are not checked, leading to a prototype pollution.

The package asciitable.js before 1.0.3 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the main function.

Prototype pollution vulnerability in 'controlled-merge' versions 1.0.0 through 1.2.0 allows attacker to cause a denial of service and may lead to remote code execution.

A prototype pollution vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow users to override existing attributes with ones that have incompatible type, which may lead to a crash via a network. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.1.3.2578 build 20231110 and later QuTS hero h5.1.3.2578 build 20231110 and later

An error in the ECMA-262 specification relating to Async Generators could have resulted in a type confusion, potentially leading to memory corruption and an exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 128, Firefox ESR < 115.13, Thunderbird < 115.13, and Thunderbird < 128.

Issue was discovered in the fxParserTree function in moddable, allows attackers to cause denial of service via a crafted payload. Fixed in commit 723816ab9b52f807180c99fc69c7d08cf6c6bd61.

Issue summary: Applications performing certificate name checks (e.g., TLS clients checking server certificates) may attempt to read an invalid memory address resulting in abnormal termination of the application process. Impact summary: Abnormal termination of an application can a cause a denial of service. Applications performing certificate name checks (e.g., TLS clients checking server certificates) may attempt to read an invalid memory address when comparing the expected name with an `otherName` subject alternative name of an X.509 certificate. This may result in an exception that terminates the application program. Note that basic certificate chain validation (signatures, dates, ...) is not affected, the denial of service can occur only when the application also specifies an expected DNS name, Email address or IP address. TLS servers rarely solicit client certificates, and even when they do, they generally don't perform a name check against a reference identifier (expected identity), but rather extract the presented identity after checking the certificate chain. So TLS servers are generally not affected and the severity of the issue is Moderate. The FIPS modules in 3.3, 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue.

A prototype pollution in the component Module.mergeObjects (redoc/bundles/redoc.lib.js:2) of redoc <= 2.2.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

A prototype pollution in the function lib.parse of dot-properties v1.0.1 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

A prototype pollution in the lib.install function of vxe-table v4.8.10 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

A prototype pollution in the function fieldsToJson of node-opcua-alarm-condition v2.134.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

All versions of package dojo are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the setObject function.

A prototype pollution in the lib.merge function of cli-util v1.1.27 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

A prototype pollution in the lib.setValue function of @syncfusion/ej2-spreadsheet v27.2.2 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload. NOTE: the Supplier disputes this because they found that the lib.setValue function is not utilized.

A prototype pollution in the lib.createPath function of utile v0.3.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

A prototype pollution in the lib function of php-date-formatter v1.3.6 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

A prototype pollution in the lib.parse function of dot-qs v0.2.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

A prototype pollution in the lib.requireFromString function of module-from-string v3.3.1 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

A prototype pollution in the lib.combine function of php-parser v3.2.1 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

A prototype pollution in the lib function of expand-object v0.4.2 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

A prototype pollution in the lib.deep function of @ndhoule/defaults v2.0.1 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted payload.

This affects the package fastify-multipart before 5.3.1. By providing a name=constructor property it is still possible to crash the application. **Note:** This is a bypass of CVE-2020-8136 (https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-FASTIFYMULTIPART-1290382).

An issue was discovered in the GPU in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1480 and 2400. Type confusion leads to a Denial of Service.

All versions of the package safe-eval are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the safeEval function, due to improper sanitization of its parameter content.

A flaw was discovered in ldap_X509dn2bv in OpenLDAP before 2.4.57 leading to a slapd crash in the X.509 DN parsing in ad_keystring, resulting in denial of service.

MZ Automation's libIEC61850 (versions 1.4 and prior; version 1.5 prior to commit a3b04b7bc4872a5a39e5de3fdc5fbde52c09e10e) accesses a resource using an incompatible type, which could allow an attacker to crash the server with a malicious payload.

All versions of package safe-eval are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution which allows an attacker to add or modify properties of the Object.prototype.Consolidate when using the function safeEval. This is because the function uses vm variable, leading an attacker to modify properties of the Object.prototype.

qs before 6.10.3, as used in Express before 4.17.3 and other products, allows attackers to cause a Node process hang for an Express application because an __ proto__ key can be used. In many typical Express use cases, an unauthenticated remote attacker can place the attack payload in the query string of the URL that is used to visit the application, such as a[__proto__]=b&a[__proto__]&a[length]=100000000. The fix was backported to qs 6.9.7, 6.8.3, 6.7.3, 6.6.1, 6.5.3, 6.4.1, 6.3.3, and 6.2.4 (and therefore Express 4.17.3, which has "deps: qs@6.9.7" in its release description, is not vulnerable).

The CSSParser::parseFontFaceSrc function in WebCore/css/CSSParser.cpp in WebKit, as used in Google Chrome before 8.0.552.224, Chrome OS before 8.0.552.343, webkitgtk before 1.2.6, and other products does not properly parse Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) token sequences, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted local font, related to "Type Confusion."

The package convict before 6.2.2 are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the convict function due to missing validation of parentKey. **Note:** This vulnerability derives from an incomplete fix of another [vulnerability](https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-CONVICT-1062508)

This affects the package convict before 6.2.3. This is a bypass of [CVE-2022-22143](https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-CONVICT-2340604). The [fix](https://github.com/mozilla/node-convict/commit/3b86be087d8f14681a9c889d45da7fe3ad9cd880) introduced, relies on the startsWith method and does not prevent the vulnerability: before splitting the path, it checks if it starts with __proto__ or this.constructor.prototype. To bypass this check it's possible to prepend the dangerous paths with any string value followed by a dot, like for example foo.__proto__ or foo.this.constructor.prototype.

All versions of package deep-get-set are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the 'deep' function. **Note:** This vulnerability derives from an incomplete fix of [CVE-2020-7715](https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-DEEPGETSET-598666)