An issue was discovered in GitLab Community and Enterprise Edition before 11.1.7, 11.2.x before 11.2.4, and 11.3.x before 11.3.1. The diff formatter using rouge can block for a long time in Sidekiq jobs without any timeout.

Apollo Gateway provides utilities for combining multiple GraphQL microservices into a single GraphQL endpoint. Prior to 2.10.1, a vulnerability in Apollo Gateway allowed queries with deeply nested and reused named fragments to be prohibitively expensive to query plan, specifically during named fragment expansion. Named fragments were being expanded once per fragment spread during query planning, leading to exponential resource usage when deeply nested and reused fragments were involved. This could lead to excessive resource consumption and denial of service. This has been remediated in @apollo/gateway version 2.10.1.

Hyperium Hyper before 0.14.19 does not allow for customization of the max_header_list_size method in the H2 third-party software, allowing attackers to perform HTTP2 attacks.

DNN (formerly DotNetNuke) is an open-source web content management platform (CMS) in the Microsoft ecosystem. Possible denial of service with specially crafted information in the public registration form. This vulnerability is fixed in 9.13.8.

IBM InfoSphere Information Server 11.7.0.0 through 11.7.1.6 could allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service due to insufficient validation of incoming request resources.

<bytes::Bytes as axum_core::extract::FromRequest>::from_request would not, by default, set a limit for the size of the request body. That meant if a malicious peer would send a very large (or infinite) body your server might run out of memory and crash. This also applies to these extractors which used Bytes::from_request internally: axum::extract::Form axum::extract::Json String

go-libp2p is the offical libp2p implementation in the Go programming language. Version `0.18.0` and older of go-libp2p are vulnerable to targeted resource exhaustion attacks. These attacks target libp2p’s connection, stream, peer, and memory management. An attacker can cause the allocation of large amounts of memory, ultimately leading to the process getting killed by the host’s operating system. While a connection manager tasked with keeping the number of connections within manageable limits has been part of go-libp2p, this component was designed to handle the regular churn of peers, not a targeted resource exhaustion attack. Users are advised to upgrade their version of go-libp2p to version `0.18.1` or newer. Users unable to upgrade may consult the denial of service (dos) mitigation page for more information on how to incorporate mitigation strategies, monitor your application, and respond to attacks.

In Eclipse Jetty version 9.3.x and 9.4.x, the server is vulnerable to Denial of Service conditions if a remote client sends either large SETTINGs frames container containing many settings, or many small SETTINGs frames. The vulnerability is due to the additional CPU and memory allocations required to handle changed settings.

The AP4_CttsAtom class in Core/Ap4CttsAtom.cpp in Bento4 1.5.1.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash), related to a memory allocation failure, as demonstrated by mp2aac.

A gzip decompression bomb vulnerability exists when Orthanc processes HTTP request with `Content-Encoding: gzip`. The server does not enforce limits on decompressed size and allocates memory based on attacker-controlled compression metadata. A specially crafted gzip payload can trigger excessive memory allocation and exhaust system memory.

A memory exhaustion vulnerability exists in the HTTP server due to unbounded use of the `Content-Length` header. The server allocates memory directly based on the attacker supplied header value without enforcing an upper limit. A crafted HTTP request containing an extremely large `Content-Length` value can trigger excessive memory allocation and server termination, even without sending a request body.

A memory exhaustion vulnerability exists in ZIP archive processing. Orthanc automatically extracts ZIP archives uploaded to certain endpoints and trusts metadata fields describing the uncompressed size of archived files. An attacker can craft a small ZIP archive containing a forged size value, causing the server to allocate extremely large buffers during extraction.

The Apollo Router Core is a configurable, high-performance graph router written in Rust to run a federated supergraph that uses Apollo Federation 2. A vulnerability in Apollo Router's usage of Apollo Compiler allowed queries with deeply nested and reused named fragments to be prohibitively expensive to validate. This could lead to excessive resource consumption and denial of service. Apollo Router's usage of Apollo Compiler has been updated so that validation logic processes each named fragment only once, preventing redundant traversal. This has been remediated in apollo-router versions 1.61.2 and 2.1.1.

If Apache HTTP Server 2.4.53 is configured to do transformations with mod_sed in contexts where the input to mod_sed may be very large, mod_sed may make excessively large memory allocations and trigger an abort.

In Apache HTTP Server 2.4.53 and earlier, a malicious request to a lua script that calls r:parsebody(0) may cause a denial of service due to no default limit on possible input size.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, the /media-stream WebSocket endpoint in PraisonAI's call module accepts connections from any client without authentication or Twilio signature validation. Each connection opens an authenticated session to OpenAI's Realtime API using the server's API key. There are no limits on concurrent connections, message rate, or message size, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to exhaust server resources and drain the victim's OpenAI API credits. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128.

mcp-framework is a framework for building Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers. In versions 0.2.21 and below, the readRequestBody() function in the HTTP transport concatenates request body chunks into a string with no size limit. Although a maxMessageSize configuration value exists, it is never enforced in readRequestBody(). A remote unauthenticated attacker can crash any mcp-framework HTTP server by sending a single large POST request to /mcp, causing memory exhaustion and denial of service. This issue has been fixed in version 0.2.22.

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Versions 10.3.0 through 12.1.1 did not limit the amount of GZIP-compressed data read when decoding a FITS image, making them vulnerable to decompression bomb attacks. A specially crafted FITS file could cause unbounded memory consumption, leading to denial of service (OOM crash or severe performance degradation). If users are unable to immediately upgrade, they should only open specific image formats, excluding FITS, as a workaround.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, the WSGI-based recipe registry server (server.py) reads the entire HTTP request body into memory based on the client-supplied Content-Length header with no upper bound. Combined with authentication being disabled by default (no token configured), any local process can send arbitrarily large POST requests to exhaust server memory and cause a denial of service. The Starlette-based server (serve.py) has RequestSizeLimitMiddleware with a 10MB limit, but the WSGI server lacks any equivalent protection. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128.

Reader.Read does not set a limit on the maximum size of file headers. A maliciously crafted archive could cause Read to allocate unbounded amounts of memory, potentially causing resource exhaustion or panics. After fix, Reader.Read limits the maximum size of header blocks to 1 MiB.

SvelteKit is a framework for rapidly developing robust, performant web applications using Svelte. Prior to 2.57.1, under certain circumstances, requests could bypass the BODY_SIZE_LIMIT on SvelteKit applications running with adapter-node. This bypass does not affect body size limits at other layers of the application stack, so limits enforced in the WAF, gateway, or at the platform level are unaffected. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.57.1.

A vulnerability in the egress packet processing functionality of the Cisco StarOS operating system for Cisco Aggregation Services Router (ASR) 5700 Series devices and Virtualized Packet Core (VPC) System Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause an interface on the device to cease forwarding packets. The device may need to be manually reloaded to clear this Interface Forwarding Denial of Service condition. The vulnerability is due to the failure to properly check that the length of a packet to transmit does not exceed the maximum supported length of the network interface card (NIC). An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted IP packet or a series of crafted IP fragments through an interface on the targeted device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the network interface to cease forwarding packets. This vulnerability could be triggered by either IPv4 or IPv6 network traffic. This vulnerability affects the following Cisco products when they are running the StarOS operating system and a virtual interface card is installed on the device: Aggregation Services Router (ASR) 5700 Series, Virtualized Packet Core-Distributed Instance (VPC-DI) System Software, Virtualized Packet Core-Single Instance (VPC-SI) System Software. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvf32385.

Unfurl before 2026.04 contains an unbounded zlib decompression vulnerability in parse_compressed.py that allows remote attackers to cause denial of service. Attackers can submit highly compressed payloads via URL parameters to the /json/visjs endpoint that expand to gigabytes, exhausting server memory and crashing the service.

A Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability was discovered in F-Secure Atlant whereby the fsicapd component used in certain F-Secure products while scanning larger packages/fuzzed files consume too much memory eventually can crash the scanning engine. The exploit can be triggered remotely by an attacker.

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.23, 3.1.21, and 3.2.6, Rack::Utils.get_byte_ranges parses the HTTP Range header without limiting the number of individual byte ranges. Although the existing fix for CVE-2024-26141 rejects ranges whose total byte coverage exceeds the file size, it does not restrict the count of ranges. An attacker can supply many small overlapping ranges such as 0-0,0-0,0-0,... to trigger disproportionate CPU, memory, I/O, and bandwidth consumption per request. This results in a denial of service condition in Rack file-serving paths that process multipart byte range responses. This issue has been patched in versions 2.2.23, 3.1.21, and 3.2.6.

apollo-compiler is a query-based compiler for the GraphQL query language. Prior to 1.27.0, a vulnerability in Apollo Compiler allowed queries with deeply nested and reused named fragments to be prohibitively expensive to validate. Named fragments were being processed once per fragment spread in some cases during query validation, leading to exponential resource usage when deeply nested and reused fragments were involved. This could lead to excessive resource consumption and denial of service in applications. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.27.0.

Pexip Infinity 27 before 28.0 allows remote attackers to trigger excessive resource consumption and termination because of registrar resource mishandling.

Ash Framework is a declarative, extensible framework for building Elixir applications. Prior to version 3.22.0, Ash.Type.Module.cast_input/2 unconditionally creates a new Erlang atom via Module.concat([value]) for any user-supplied binary string that starts with "Elixir.", before verifying whether the referenced module exists. Because Erlang atoms are never garbage-collected and the BEAM atom table has a hard default limit of approximately 1,048,576 entries, an attacker who can submit values to any resource attribute or argument of type :module can exhaust this table and crash the entire BEAM VM, taking down the application. This issue has been patched in version 3.22.0.

AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, a response with an excessive number of multipart headers may be allowed to use more memory than intended, potentially allowing a DoS vulnerability. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.

Allocation of resources without limits in the parsing components in Amazon Athena ODBC driver before 2.1.0.0 might allow a threat actor to cause a denial of service by delivering crafted input that triggers excessive resource consumption during the driver's parsing operations. To remediate this issue, users should upgrade to version 2.1.0.0.

A lack of rate limiting in the 'forgot password' feature of Zammad v5.1.0 allows attackers to send an excessive amount of reset requests for a legitimate user, leading to a possible Denial of Service (DoS) via a large amount of generated e-mail messages.

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. From versions 3.0.0.beta1 to before 3.1.21, and 3.2.0 to before 3.2.6, Rack::Multipart::Parser#handle_mime_head parses quoted multipart parameters such as Content-Disposition: form-data; name="..." using repeated String#index searches combined with String#slice! prefix deletion. For escape-heavy quoted values, this causes super-linear processing. An unauthenticated attacker can send a crafted multipart/form-data request containing many parts with long backslash-escaped parameter values to trigger excessive CPU usage during multipart parsing. This results in a denial of service condition in Rack applications that accept multipart form data. This issue has been patched in versions 3.1.21 and 3.2.6.

spdystream is a Go library for multiplexing streams over SPDY connections. In versions 0.5.0 and below, the SPDY/3 frame parser does not validate attacker-controlled counts and lengths before allocating memory. Three allocation paths are affected: the SETTINGS frame entry count, the header count in parseHeaderValueBlock, and individual header field sizes — all read as 32-bit integers and used directly as allocation sizes with no bounds checking. Because SPDY header blocks are zlib-compressed, a small on-the-wire payload can decompress into large attacker-controlled values. A remote peer that can send SPDY frames to a service using spdystream can exhaust process memory and cause an out-of-memory crash with a single crafted control frame. This issue has been fixed in version 0.5.1.

Strawberry GraphQL is a library for creating GraphQL APIs. Prior to 0.312.3, Strawberry GraphQL's WebSocket subscription handlers for both the graphql-transport-ws and legacy graphql-ws protocols allocate an asyncio.Task and associated Operation object for every incoming subscribe message without enforcing any limit on the number of active subscriptions per connection. An unauthenticated attacker can open a single WebSocket connection, send connection_init, and then flood subscribe messages with unique IDs. Each message unconditionally spawns a new asyncio.Task and async generator, causing linear memory growth and event loop saturation. This leads to server degradation or an OOM crash. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.312.3.

libp2p-rust is the official rust language Implementation of the libp2p networking stack. Prior to 0.17.1, libp2p-rendezvous server has no limit on how many namespaces a single peer can register. A malicious peer can just keep registering unique namespaces in a loop and the server happily accepts every single one allocating memory for each registration with no pushback. Keep doing this long enough (or with multiple sybil peers) and the server process gets OOM killed. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.17.1.

Allocation of resources without limits or throttling, Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. BC-JAVA bcpg on all (pg modules). This vulnerability is associated with program files AEADEncDataPacket.Java, BcAEADUtil.Java, JceAEADUtil.Java, OperatorHelper.Java. This issue affects BC-JAVA: from 1.74 before 1.84.

Mesop is a Python-based UI framework that allows users to build web applications. From version 1.2.3 to before version 1.2.5, an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability exists in the WebSocket implementation of the Mesop framework. An unauthenticated attacker can send a rapid succession of WebSocket messages, forcing the server to spawn an unbounded number of operating system threads. This leads to thread exhaustion and Out of Memory (OOM) errors, causing a complete Denial of Service (DoS) for any application built on the framework. This issue has been patched in version 1.2.5.

Saleor is an e-commerce platform. From 2.0.0 to before 3.23.0a3, 3.22.47, 3.21.54, and 3.20.118, a malicious actor can include many GraphQL mutations or queries in a single API call using aliases or chaining multiple mutations, resulting in resource exhaustion. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.23.0a3, 3.22.47, 3.21.54, and 3.20.118.

An issue in the cs_bind_ubat component of MonetDB Server v11.45.17 and v11.46.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via crafted SQL statements.

A client can trigger excessive memory allocation by generating a lot of queries that are routed to an overloaded DoH backend, causing queries to accumulate into a buffer that will not be released until the end of the connection.

A client can trigger excessive memory allocation by generating a lot of errors responses over a single DoQ and DoH3 connection, as some resources were not properly released until the end of the connection.

Active Support is a toolkit of support libraries and Ruby core extensions extracted from the Rails framework. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, Active Support number helpers accept strings containing scientific notation (e.g. `1e10000`), which `BigDecimal` expands into extremely large decimal representations. This can cause excessive memory allocation and CPU consumption when the expanded number is formatted, possibly resulting in a DoS vulnerability. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

Saleor is an e-commerce platform. From 2.0.0 to before 3.23.0a3, 3.22.47, 3.21.54, and 3.20.118, Saleor supports query batching by submitting multiple GraphQL operations in a single HTTP request as a JSON array but wasn't enforcing any upper limit on the number of operations. This allowed an unauthenticated attacker to send a single HTTP request many operations (bypassing the per query complexity limit) to exhaust resources. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.23.0a3, 3.22.47, 3.21.54, and 3.20.118.

Fedify is a TypeScript library for building federated server apps powered by ActivityPub. Prior to 1.9.6, 1.10.5, 2.0.8, and 2.1.1, @fedify/fedify follows HTTP redirects recursively in its remote document loader and authenticated document loader without enforcing a maximum redirect count or visited-URL loop detection. An attacker who controls a remote ActivityPub key or actor URL can force a server using Fedify to make repeated outbound requests from a single inbound request, leading to resource consumption and denial of service. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.9.6, 1.10.5, 2.0.8, and 2.1.1.

DeepDiff is a project focused on Deep Difference and search of any Python data. From version 5.0.0 to before version 8.6.2, the pickle unpickler _RestrictedUnpickler validates which classes can be loaded but does not limit their constructor arguments. A few of the types in SAFE_TO_IMPORT have constructors that allocate memory proportional to their input (builtins.bytes, builtins.list, builtins.range). A 40-byte pickle payload can force 10+ GB of memory, which crashes applications that load delta objects or call pickle_load with untrusted data. This issue has been patched in version 8.6.2.

Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. In versions prior to 4.1.132.Final and 4.2.10.Final, a remote user can trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) against a Netty HTTP/2 server by sending a flood of `CONTINUATION` frames. The server's lack of a limit on the number of `CONTINUATION` frames, combined with a bypass of existing size-based mitigations using zero-byte frames, allows an user to cause excessive CPU consumption with minimal bandwidth, rendering the server unresponsive. Versions 4.1.132.Final and 4.2.10.Final fix the issue.

WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. In versions up to and including 26.0, the `aVideoEncoderChunk.json.php` endpoint is a completely standalone PHP script with no authentication, no framework includes, and no resource limits. An unauthenticated remote attacker can send arbitrary POST data which is written to persistent temp files in `/tmp/` with no size cap, no rate limiting, and no cleanup mechanism. This allows trivial disk space exhaustion leading to denial of service of the entire server. Commit 33d1bae6c731ef1682fcdc47b428313be073a5d1 contains a patch.

Vault is vulnerable to a denial-of-service condition where an unauthenticated attacker can repeatedly initiate or cancel root token generation or rekey operations, occupying the single in-progress operation slot. This prevents legitimate operators from completing these workflows. This vulnerability, CVE-2026-5807, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 2.0.0 and Vault Enterprise 2.0.0.

Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior 9.5.2-alpha.2 and 8.6.15, an unauthenticated attacker can exhaust Parse Server resources (CPU, memory, database connections) through crafted queries that exploit the lack of complexity limits in the REST and GraphQL APIs. All Parse Server deployments using the REST or GraphQL API are affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 9.5.2-alpha.2 and 8.6.15.

A flaw was found in Undertow. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending an HTTP GET request containing multipart/form-data content. If the underlying application processes parameters using methods like `getParameterMap()`, the server prematurely parses and stores this content to disk. This could lead to resource exhaustion, potentially resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS).