MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. In versions 2.7.1 and below, an incomplete sandbox protection mechanism allows an authenticated user with tool execution privileges to escape the LD_PRELOAD-based sandbox. By env command the attacker can clear the environment variables and drop the sandbox.so hook, leading to unrestricted Remote Code Execution (RCE) and network access. MaxKB restricts untrusted Python code execution via the Tool Debug API by injecting sandbox.so through the LD_PRELOAD environment variable. This intercepts sensitive C library functions (like execve, socket, open) to restrict network and file access. However, a patch allowed the /usr/bin/env utility to be executed by the sandboxed user. When an attacker is permitted to create subprocesses, they can execute the env -i python command. The -i flag instructs env to completely clear all environment variables before running the target program. This effectively drops the LD_PRELOAD environment variable. The newly spawned Python process will therefore execute natively without any sandbox hooks, bypassing all network and file system restrictions. This issue has been fixed in version 2.8.0.

1Panel is an open source Linux server operation and maintenance management panel. Prior to version 1.3.6, an authenticated attacker can craft a malicious payloads to achieve command injection when entering the container terminal. The vulnerability has been fixed in v1.3.6.

1Panel is an open source Linux server operation and maintenance management panel. Prior to version 1.3.6, an authenticated attacker can craft a malicious payload to achieve command injection when adding container repositories. The vulnerability has been fixed in v1.3.6.

A vulnerability was determined in 1Panel-dev MaxKB up to 2.0.2/2.1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /admin/api/workspace/default/tool/debug. Executing manipulation of the argument code can lead to deserialization. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Upgrading to version 2.1.1 is capable of addressing this issue. It is suggested to upgrade the affected component.

KubePi is a K8s panel. Starting in version 1.6.3 and prior to version 1.8.0, there is a defect in the KubePi JWT token verification. The JWT key in the default configuration file is empty. Although a random 32-bit string will be generated to overwrite the key in the configuration file when the key is detected to be empty in the configuration file reading logic, the key is empty during actual verification. Using an empty key to generate a JWT token can bypass the login verification and directly take over the back end. Version 1.8.0 contains a patch for this issue.

MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. Versions 2.7.1 and below contain a sandbox escape vulnerability in the ToolExecutor component. By leveraging Python's ctypes library to execute raw system calls, an authenticated attacker with workspace privileges can bypass the LD_PRELOAD-based sandbox.so module to achieve arbitrary code execution via direct kernel system calls, enabling full network exfiltration and container compromise. The library intercepts critical standard system functions such as execve, system, connect, and open. It also intercepts mprotect to prevent PROT_EXEC (executable memory) allocations within the sandboxed Python processes, but pkey_mprotect is not blocked. This issue has been fixed in version 2.8.0.

MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. In versions prior to 2.3.1, a user can get sensitive informations by Python code in tool module, although the process run in sandbox. Version 2.3.1 fixes the issue.

MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. Versions 2.7.1 and below contain an incomplete fix for CVE-2025-53928, where a Remote Code Execution vulnerability still exists in the MCP node of the workflow engine. MaxKB only restricts the referencing code path (loading MCP config from the database). The else branch, responsible for loading mcp_servers directly from user-supplied JSON remains completely unpatched. Since mcp_source is an optional field (required=False), an attacker can simply omit it or set it to any non-referencing value to bypass the fix. By calling the workflow creation API directly with a crafted JSON payload, an attacker can inject a complete MCP node configuration with stdio transport, arbitrary command, and args — achieving RCE when the workflow is triggered via chat. This issue has been fixed in version 2.8.0.

MaxKB, which stands for Max Knowledge Base, is an open source knowledge base question-answering system based on a large language model and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). Prior to version 1.9.0, a remote command execution vulnerability exists in the module of function library. The vulnerability allow privileged‌ users to execute OS command in custom scripts. The vulnerability has been fixed in v1.9.0.

1Panel is an open source Linux server operation and maintenance management panel. Prior to v1.10.3-lts, there are many command injections in the project, and some of them are not well filtered, leading to arbitrary file writes, and ultimately leading to RCEs. The mirror configuration write symbol `>` can be used to achieve arbitrary file writing. This vulnerability is fixed in v1.10.3-lts.

1Panel is a web interface and MCP Server that manages websites, files, containers, databases, and LLMs on a Linux server. In versions 2.0.5 and below, the HTTPS protocol used for communication between the Core and Agent endpoints has incomplete certificate verification during certificate validation, leading to unauthorized interface access. Due to the presence of numerous command execution or high-privilege interfaces in 1Panel, this results in Remote Code Execution (RCE). This is fixed in version 2.0.6. The CVE has been translated from Simplified Chinese using GitHub Copilot.

1Panel is an open source Linux server operation and maintenance management panel. An OS command injection vulnerability exists in 1Panel firewall functionality. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. 1Panel firewall functionality `/hosts/firewall/ip` endpoint read user input without validation, the attacker extends the default functionality of the application, which execute system commands. An attacker can execute arbitrary code on the target system, which can lead to a complete compromise of the system. This issue has been addressed in commit `e17b80cff49` which is included in release version `1.4.3`. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

OS command injection occurring in versions of OpenEMR before 5.0.1.4 allows a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands by making a crafted request to interface/billing/sl_eob_search.php after modifying the "print_command" global variable in interface/super/edit_globals.php.

Main_Analysis_Content.asp in ASUS DSL-N12E_C1 1.1.2.3_345 is prone to Authenticated Remote Command Execution, which allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands via service parameters, such as shell metacharacters in the destIP parameter of a cmdMethod=ping request.

A vulnerability has been found in Tenda AC10 16.03.10.10_multi_TDE01. Affected is the function formAddMacfilterRule of the file /bin/httpd. Such manipulation leads to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. Multiple endpoints might be affected.

A vulnerability was found in Tenda F456 1.0.0.5. This impacts the function FromWriteFacMac of the file /goform/WriteFacMac of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument mac results in command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.

Improper input sanitization within the restricted administration shell on UCOPIA Wireless Appliance devices using firmware version 5.1.x before 5.1.13 allows authenticated remote attackers to escape the shell and escalate their privileges by adding a LocalCommand to the SSH configuration file in the user home folder.

OS command injection occurring in versions of OpenEMR before 5.0.1.4 allows a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary commands by making a crafted request to interface/fax/faxq.php after modifying the "hylafax_server" global variable in interface/super/edit_globals.php.

The Ping and Traceroute features on TP-Link TL-WR841N v13 00000001 0.9.1 4.16 v0001.0 Build 180119 Rel.65243n devices allow authenticated blind Command Injection.

Quest DR Series Disk Backup software version before 4.0.3.1 allows command injection (issue 5 of 46).

Quest DR Series Disk Backup software version before 4.0.3.1 allows command injection (issue 33 of 46).

Quest DR Series Disk Backup software version before 4.0.3.1 allows command injection (issue 36 of 46).

Quest DR Series Disk Backup software version before 4.0.3.1 allows command injection (issue 34 of 46).

Quest DR Series Disk Backup software version before 4.0.3.1 allows command injection (issue 42 of 46).

Quest DR Series Disk Backup software version before 4.0.3.1 allows command injection (issue 10 of 46).

Quest DR Series Disk Backup software version before 4.0.3.1 allows command injection (issue 13 of 46).

Quest DR Series Disk Backup software version before 4.0.3.1 allows command injection (issue 3 of 46).

Quest DR Series Disk Backup software version before 4.0.3.1 allows command injection (issue 14 of 46).

Quest DR Series Disk Backup software version before 4.0.3.1 allows command injection (issue 12 of 46).

Quest DR Series Disk Backup software version before 4.0.3.1 allows command injection (issue 35 of 46).

xrdp is an open source RDP server. Versions through 0.10.5 allow an authenticated remote user to execute arbitrary commands on the server due to unsafe handling of the AlternateShell parameter in xrdp-sesman. When the AllowAlternateShell setting is enabled (which is the default when not explicitly configured), xrdp accepts a client-supplied AlternateShell value and executes it via /bin/sh -c during session initialization. This results in shell-interpreted execution of unsanitized, user-controlled input. This behavior effectively provides a scriptable remote command execution primitive over RDP within the security context of the authenticated user, occurring prior to normal window manager startup. This can bypass expected session initialization flows and operational assumptions that restrict execution to interactive desktop environments. This issue has been fixed in version 0.10.6.

A security flaw has been discovered in Agions taskflow-ai up to 2.1.8. This impacts an unknown function of the file src/mcp/server/handlers.ts of the component terminal_execute. Performing a manipulation results in os command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. Upgrading to version 2.1.9 will fix this issue. The patch is named c1550b445b9f24f38c4414e9a545f5f79f23a0fe. Upgrading the affected component is recommended. The vendor was contacted early, responded in a very professional manner and quickly released a fixed version of the affected product.

A security flaw has been discovered in efforthye fast-filesystem-mcp up to 3.5.1. The affected element is the function handleGetDiskUsage of the file src/index.ts. Performing a manipulation results in command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

D-Link DIR-615 2.5.17 devices allow Remote Code Execution via shell metacharacters in the Host field of the System / Traceroute screen.

A security vulnerability has been detected in Trendnet TEW-657BRM 1.00.1. This impacts the function Edit of the file /setup.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument pcdb_list leads to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor confirms, that "[t]he product in question (...) has been discontinued and end of life since June 23, 2011, that is more than 14 years ago. We no longer provide support for this product, so we are not able to confirm the vulnerabilities. We will make an announcement on our website's product support page and notify customers who registered their products with us." This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

A flaw has been found in Trendnet TEW-657BRM 1.00.1. Affected by this vulnerability is the function vpn_connect of the file /setup.cgi. Executing a manipulation of the argument policy_name can lead to os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor confirms, that "[t]he product in question (...) has been discontinued and end of life since June 23, 2011, that is more than 14 years ago. We no longer provide support for this product, so we are not able to confirm the vulnerabilities. We will make an announcement on our website's product support page and notify customers who registered their products with us." This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

A vulnerability was detected in Trendnet TEW-657BRM 1.00.1. Affected is the function ping_test of the file /setup.cgi. Performing a manipulation of the argument c4_IPAddr results in os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor confirms, that "[t]he product in question (...) has been discontinued and end of life since June 23, 2011, that is more than 14 years ago. We no longer provide support for this product, so we are not able to confirm the vulnerabilities. We will make an announcement on our website's product support page and notify customers who registered their products with us." This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

A vulnerability has been found in Tenda F453 up to 1.0.0.3. Impacted is the function TendaTelnet of the file /goform/telnet of the component Telnet Service. Such manipulation leads to command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

A vulnerability was determined in AstrBotDevs AstrBot up to 4.22.1. Impacted is the function add_mcp_server of the file astrbot/dashboard/routes/tools.py of the component MCP Endpoint. This manipulation of the argument command causes command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

A vulnerability was determined in liangliangyy DjangoBlog up to 2.1.0.0. The affected element is the function CommandHandler of the file servermanager/api/commonapi.py of the component WeChat Bot Interface. Executing a manipulation of the argument Source can lead to command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A security vulnerability has been detected in MoussaabBadla code-screenshot-mcp up to 0.1.0. This affects an unknown part of the component HTTP Interface. Such manipulation leads to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DNS-120, DNR-202L, DNS-315L, DNS-320, DNS-320L, DNS-320LW, DNS-321, DNR-322L, DNS-323, DNS-325, DNS-326, DNS-327L, DNR-326, DNS-340L, DNS-343, DNS-345, DNS-726-4, DNS-1100-4, DNS-1200-05 and DNS-1550-04 up to 20260205. The impacted element is the function cgi_refresh_db/FTP_Server_BlockIP_Add/FTP_Server_BlockIP_Del of the file /cgi-bin/app_mgr.cgi. Such manipulation leads to command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

A weakness has been identified in Totolink A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_b20221024. This issue affects the function setUPnPCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. This manipulation of the argument enable causes command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks.

A weakness has been identified in Totolink A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_b20221024. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setWiFiBasicCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. Executing a manipulation of the argument rxRate can lead to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks.

A security vulnerability has been detected in Totolink A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_b20221024. Impacted is the function setStaticRoute of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument ip leads to command injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.

A vulnerability was detected in Totolink A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_b20221024. The affected element is the function setVpnPassCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component Parameter Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument pptpPassThru results in command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used.

A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DNS-120, DNR-202L, DNS-315L, DNS-320, DNS-320L, DNS-320LW, DNS-321, DNR-322L, DNS-323, DNS-325, DNS-326, DNS-327L, DNR-326, DNS-340L, DNS-343, DNS-345, DNS-726-4, DNS-1100-4, DNS-1200-05 and DNS-1550-04 up to 20260205. This impacts the function cgi_recovery/cgi_backup_now/cgi_set_schedule/cgi_set_rsync_server of the file /cgi-bin/remote_backup.cgi. The manipulation leads to command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

A vulnerability was identified in TRENDnet TEW-713RE up to 1.02. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /goform/setSysAdm. The manipulation of the argument admuser leads to command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A vulnerability was detected in Totolink A3600R 4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102. Affected by this issue is the function setNoticeCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component Parameter Handler. The manipulation of the argument NoticeUrl results in command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used.

A vulnerability was found in D-Link DNS-120, DNR-202L, DNS-315L, DNS-320, DNS-320L, DNS-320LW, DNS-321, DNR-322L, DNS-323, DNS-325, DNS-326, DNS-327L, DNR-326, DNS-340L, DNS-343, DNS-345, DNS-726-4, DNS-1100-4, DNS-1200-05 and DNS-1550-04 up to 20260205. This affects the function FMT_rebuild_diskmgr/FMT_create_diskmgr/ScanDisk_run_e2fsck of the file /cgi-bin/dsk_mgr.cgi. Performing a manipulation results in command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.