n8n versions before 1.123.64 fail to properly mask custom HTTP header credentials in LLM sub-node execution data, writing plaintext API keys and secrets to workflow execution records. Authenticated users with access to execution data can read exposed header values and credentials that persist in the database and can be exported.

n8n before 2.29.8 and 2.30.x before 2.30.1 (affected from 2.27.0, when the OAuth 2.1 consent and token-issuance flow was introduced) does not verify that the authenticated user has access to the workflow referenced as the OAuth resource. On instances with at least one active MCP Server Trigger workflow configured with n8n OAuth2 authentication, a member-level user can register an OAuth client, self-approve consent for another user's workflow, and obtain a valid token. The workflow then runs in the owner's project context with the owner's stored credentials, and the attacker can set tool inputs and read outputs (potentially including data from the owner's connected integrations), breaking user and project isolation.

n8n before versions 1.123.61, 2.27.4, and 2.28.1 contains a permission bypass vulnerability in external secrets handling caused by a mismatch between the static validation check and the runtime expression engine. An authenticated user with credential create or update permissions but without the externalSecret:list scope can embed external secret references into credentials in forms the static validation does not detect; these references resolve at workflow execution time, exposing secret values the user is not authorized to access. This issue only affects instances where an external secrets provider is configured and Advanced Permissions are in use.

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to 1.123.61, 2.27.4, and, 2.28.1, an authenticated member with use-only editor access to a shared workflow could read credential-populated headers exposed via the $request object inside an HTTP Request node's pagination expression and exfiltrate the secret through item data. This issue is fixed in versions 1.123.61, 2.27.4, and 2.28.1.

The n8n package 0.218.0 for Node.js allows Directory Traversal.

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 2.14.1, 2.13.3, and 1.123.27, an authenticated user with the `global:member` role could exploit chained authorization flaws in n8n's credential pipeline to steal plaintext secrets from generic HTTP credentials (`httpBasicAuth`, `httpHeaderAuth`, `httpQueryAuth`) belonging to other users on the same instance. The attack abuses a name-based credential resolution path that does not enforce ownership or project scope, combined with a bypass in the credentials permission checker that causes generic HTTP credential types to be skipped during pre-execution validation. Together, these flaws allow a member-role user to resolve another user's credential ID and execute a workflow that decrypts and uses that credential without authorization. Native integration credential types (e.g. `slackApi`, `openAiApi`, `postgres`) are not affected by this issue. This vulnerability affects Community Edition only. Enterprise Edition has additional permission gates on workflow creation and execution that independently block this attack chain. The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.27, 2.13.3, and 2.14.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: Restrict instance access to fully trusted users only, and/or audit credentials stored on the instance and rotate any generic HTTP credentials (`httpBasicAuth`, `httpHeaderAuth`, `httpQueryAuth`) that may have been exposed. These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 1.123.22, 2.9.3, and 2.10.1, an authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could use the JavaScript Task Runner to allocate uninitialized memory buffers. Uninitialized buffers may contain residual data from the same Node.js process — including data from prior requests, tasks, secrets, or tokens — resulting in information disclosure of sensitive in-process data. Task Runners must be enabled using `N8N_RUNNERS_ENABLED=true`. In external runner mode, the impact is limited to data within the external runner process. The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.22, 2.10.1 , and 2.9.3. Users should upgrade to this version or later to remediate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only, and/or use external runner mode (`N8N_RUNNERS_MODE=external`) to isolate the runner process. These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to 1.121.0, there is a vulnerability in the HTTP Request node's credential domain validation allowed an authenticated attacker to send requests with credentials to unintended domains, potentially leading to credential exfiltration. This only might affect user who have credentials that use wildcard domain patterns (e.g., *.example.com) in the "Allowed domains" setting. This issue is fixed in version 1.121.0 and later.

n8n is a workflow automation platform. Before 1.106.0, a symlink traversal vulnerability was discovered in the Read/Write File node in n8n. While the node attempts to restrict access to sensitive directories and files, it does not properly account for symbolic links (symlinks). An attacker with the ability to create symlinks—such as by using the Execute Command node—could exploit this to bypass the intended directory restrictions and read from or write to otherwise inaccessible paths. Users of n8n.cloud are not impacted. Affected users should update to version 1.106.0 or later.

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 1.123.32, 2.17.4, and 2.18.1, an authenticated user with a valid API key scoped to variable:list could read variables from projects they are not a member of by supplying an arbitrary projectId query parameter to the public API variables endpoint. The handler queried the variables repository directly without enforcing project membership checks, bypassing the authorization-aware service layer used by the internal enterprise controller. If variables were misused to store sensitive information such as credentials or tokens, they should be rotated immediately. This issue only affects licensed enterprise or team deployments with multiple projects and the variables feature enabled. This issue has been patched in versions 1.123.32, 2.17.4, and 2.18.1.

Sentry is an error tracking and performance monitoring platform. Prior to 24.4.1, when authenticating as a superuser to Sentry with a username and password, the password is leaked as cleartext in logs under the _event_: `auth-index.validate_superuser`. An attacker with access to the log data could use these leaked credentials to login to the Sentry system as superuser. Self-hosted users on affected versions should upgrade to 24.4.1 or later. Users can configure the logging level to exclude logs of the `INFO` level and only generate logs for levels at `WARNING` or more.

An issue was discovered in Italtel Embrace 1.6.4. The web application inserts cleartext passwords in the HTML source code. An authenticated user is able to edit the configuration of the email server. Once the user access the edit function, the web application fills the edit form with the current credentials for the email account, including the cleartext password.

A vulnerability in Brocade SANnav before v2.3.1 and v2.3.0a prints the Brocade SANnav password in clear text in supportsave logs when a user schedules a switch Supportsave from Brocade SANnav.

IBM Sterling B2B Integrator Standard Edition 5.2.0.0 through 5.2.6.5 and 6.0.0.0 through 6.0.3.1 discloses sensitive information to an authenticated user from the dashboard UI which could be used in further attacks against the system. IBM X-Force ID: 172753.

Dell EMC PowerConnect 8024, 7000, M6348, M6220, M8024 and M8024-K running firmware versions prior to 5.1.15.2 contain a plain-text password storage vulnerability. TACACS\Radius credentials are stored in plain text in the system settings menu. An authenticated malicious user with access to the system settings menu may obtain the exposed password to use it in further attacks.

A vulnerability has been identified in Control Center Server (CCS) (All versions < V1.5.0), SiNVR/SiVMS Video Server (All versions < V5.0.0). The FTP services of the SiVMS/SiNVR Video Server and the Control Center Server (CCS) maintain log files that store login credentials in cleartext. In configurations where the FTP service is enabled, authenticated remote attackers could extract login credentials of other users of the service.

In Centreon Web through 2.8.29, disclosure of external components' passwords allows authenticated attackers to move laterally to external components.

IBM Jazz Team Server products stores user credentials in clear text which can be read by an authenticated user. IBM X-Force ID: 203172.

KDE Messagelib through 5.17.0 reveals cleartext of encrypted messages in some situations. Deleting an attachment of a decrypted encrypted message stored on a remote server (e.g., an IMAP server) causes KMail to upload the decrypted content of the message to the remote server. With a crafted message, a user could be tricked into decrypting an encrypted message and then deleting an attachment attached to this message. If the attacker has access to the messages stored on the email server, then the attacker could read the decrypted content of the encrypted message. This occurs in ViewerPrivate::deleteAttachment in messageviewer/src/viewer/viewer_p.cpp.

Since version 5.2.0, when using deferrable mode with the path of a Kubernetes configuration file for authentication, the Airflow worker serializes this configuration file as a dictionary and sends it to the triggerer by storing it in metadata without any encryption. Additionally, if used with an Airflow version between 2.3.0 and 2.6.0, the configuration dictionary will be logged as plain text in the triggerer service without masking. This allows anyone with access to the metadata or triggerer log to obtain the configuration file and use it to access the Kubernetes cluster. This behavior was changed in version 7.0.0, which stopped serializing the file contents and started providing the file path instead to read the contents into the trigger. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 7.0.0, which fixes this issue.

The App Settings (/admin/app) page in GROWI versions prior to v6.0.6 stores sensitive information in cleartext form. As a result, the Secret access key for external service may be obtained by an attacker who can access the App Settings page.

A cleartext storage of information vulnerability in the Zyxel VMG3625-T50B firmware version V5.50(ABTL.0)b2k could allow an authenticated attacker to obtain sensitive information from the configuration file.

The Nautobot Device Onboarding plugin uses the netmiko and NAPALM libraries to simplify the onboarding process of a new device into Nautobot down to, in many cases, an IP Address and a Location. Starting in version 2.0.0 and prior to version 3.0.0, credentials provided to onboarding task are visible via Job Results from an execution of an Onboarding Task. Version 3.0.0 fixes this issue; no known workarounds are available. Mitigation recommendations include deleting all Job Results for any onboarding task to remove clear text credentials from database entries that were run while on v2.0.X, upgrading to v3.0.0, and rotating any exposed credentials.

OpenClaw before 2026.3.31 stores Nostr privateKey as plaintext in configuration, allowing exposure through config.get method calls that bypass redaction mechanisms. Attackers can retrieve unredacted configuration data to obtain plaintext signing keys used for Nostr protocol operations.

Headwind MDM Web panel 5.22.1 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control due to Login Credential Leakage via Audit Entries.

A vulnerability in the implementation of the Cisco Network Plug-and-Play (PnP) agent of Cisco DNA Center could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to view sensitive information in clear text. The attacker must have valid low-privileged user credentials. This vulnerability is due to improper role-based access control (RBAC) with the integration of PnP. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by authenticating to the device and sending a query to an internal API. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to view sensitive information in clear text, which could include configuration files.

Directus is a real-time API and App dashboard for managing SQL database content. Prior to 11.17.0, Directus stores revision records (in directus_revisions) whenever items are created or updated. Due to the revision snapshot code not consistently calling the prepareDelta sanitization pipeline, sensitive fields (including user tokens, two-factor authentication secrets, external auth identifiers, auth data, stored credentials, and AI provider API keys) could be stored in plaintext within revision records. This vulnerability is fixed in 11.17.0.

A vulnerability identified in storing and reusing information in Advance Authentication. This issue can lead to leakage of sensitive data to unauthorized user. The issue affects NetIQ Advance Authentication before 6.3.5.1

The administrative passwords for all versions of Bond JetSelect are stored within an unprotected file on the filesystem, rather than encrypted within the MySQL database. This backup copy of the passwords is made as part of the installation script, after the administrator has generated a password using ENCtool.jar (see CVE-2019-13022). This allows any low-privilege user who can read this file to trivially obtain the passwords for the administrative accounts of the JetSelect application. The path to the file containing the encoded password hash is /opt/JetSelect/SFC/resources/sfc-general-properties.

A vulnerability in the logging component of Cisco Duo Authentication Proxy could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to view sensitive information in clear text on an affected system. This vulnerability exists because certain unencrypted credentials are stored. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by accessing the logs on an affected system and obtaining credentials that they may not normally have access to. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to view sensitive information in clear text.

Trino is a distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. From version 439 to before version 480, Iceberg connector REST catalog static credentials (access key) or vended credentials (temporary access key) are accessible to users that have write privilege on SQL level. This issue has been patched in version 480.

The fix in 4.6.16, 4.7.9, 4.8.4 and 4.9.7 for CVE-2018-10919 Confidential attribute disclosure vi LDAP filters was insufficient and an attacker may be able to obtain confidential BitLocker recovery keys from a Samba AD DC.

A cleartext storage of sensitive information vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks Expedition allows an authenticated attacker to reveal firewall usernames, passwords, and API keys generated using those credentials.

NETSAS Enigma NMS 65.0.0 and prior does not encrypt sensitive data stored within the SQL database. It is possible for an attacker to expose unencrypted sensitive data.

A vulnerability in the Server Utilities of Cisco Integrated Management Controller (IMC) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to gain unauthorized access to sensitive user information from the configuration data that is stored on the affected system. The vulnerability is due to insufficient protection of data in the configuration file. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by downloading the configuration file. An exploit could allow the attacker to use the sensitive information from the file to elevate privileges.

When using public dashboards and direct data-sources, all direct data-sources' passwords are exposed despite not being used in dashboards. No passwords of proxied data-sources are exposed. We encourage all direct data-sources to be converted to proxied data-sources as far as possible to improve your deployments' security.

On Xerox WorkCentre 3550 25.003.03.000 devices, an authenticated attacker can view the SMB server settings and can obtain the stored cleartext credentials associated with those settings.

CodeIgniter Shield is an authentication and authorization provider for CodeIgniter 4. The `secretKey` value is an important key for HMAC SHA256 authentication and in affected versions was stored in the database in cleartext form. If a malicious person somehow had access to the data in the database, they could use the key and secretKey for HMAC SHA256 authentication to send requests impersonating that corresponding user. This issue has been addressed in version 1.0.0-beta.8. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

A vulnerability was found in business-central, as shipped in rhdm-7.5.1 and rhpam-7.5.1, where encoded passwords are stored in errai_security_context. The encoding used for storing the passwords is Base64, not an encryption algorithm, and any recovery of these passwords could lead to user passwords being exposed.

A cleartext storage of sensitive information vulnerability in FortiOS command line interface in versions 6.2.4 and earlier and FortiProxy 2.0.0, 1.2.9 and earlier may allow an authenticated attacker to obtain sensitive information such as users passwords by connecting to FortiGate CLI and executing the "diag sys ha checksum show" command.

IBM Maximo Asset Management 7.6 could allow a an authenticated user to replace a target page with a phishing site which could allow the attacker to obtain highly sensitive information. IBM X-Force ID: 155554.

Nextcloud Server is the file server software for Nextcloud, a self-hosted productivity platform. In Nextcloud Server prior to versions 23.0.9 and 24.0.5 and Nextcloud Enterprise Server prior to versions 22.2.10.5, 23.0.9, and 24.0.5 an attacker reading `nextcloud.log` may gain knowledge of credentials to connect to a SharePoint service. Nextcloud Server versions 23.0.9 and 24.0.5 and Nextcloud Enterprise Server versions 22.2.10.5, 23.0.9, and 24.0.5 contain a patch for this issue. As a workaround, set `zend.exception_ignore_args = On` as an option in `php.ini`.

Improper access control in the ticketing integration settings in Devolutions Server allows an authenticated low-privileged user to obtain cleartext credentials for configured ticketing integrations via a crafted API request. This issue affects : * Devolutions Server 2026.2.4.0 * Devolutions Server 2026.1.20.0 and earlier

Jenkins lambdatest-automation Plugin 1.20.10 and earlier logs LAMBDATEST Credentials access token at the INFO level, potentially resulting in its exposure.

A password management vulnerability in Skyhigh Secure Web Gateway (SWG) in main releases 11.x prior to 11.2.14, 10.x prior to 10.2.25 and controlled release 12.x prior to 12.2.1, allows some authentication information stored in configuration files to be extracted through SWG REST API. This was possible due to SWG storing the password in plain text in some configuration files.

An issue has been discovered in hunter2 affecting all versions before 2.1.0. Improper handling of auto-completion input allows an authenticated attacker to extract other users email addresses

The BIG-IP and BIG-IQ systems do not encrypt some sensitive information written to Database (DB) variables.  Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

BEC Technologies Multiple Routers Cleartext Password Storage Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of BEC Technologies routers. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the web-based user interface. The issue results from storing credentials in a recoverable format. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to disclose stored credentials, leading to further compromise. Was ZDI-CAN-25986.

An issue was discovered in MariaDB MaxScale before 23.02.3. A user enters an encrypted password on a "maxctrl create service" command line, but this password is then stored in cleartext in the resulting .cnf file under /var/lib/maxscale/maxscale.cnf.d. The fixed versions are 2.5.28, 6.4.9, 22.08.8, and 23.02.3.

"IBM Cognos Analytics 11.2.1, 11.2.0, 11.1.7 stores user credentials in plain clear text which can be read by an authenticated user. IBM X-Force ID: 229963."