FreeBSD 4.5 and earlier, and possibly other BSD-based operating systems, allows local users to write to or read from restricted files by closing the file descriptors 0 (standard input), 1 (standard output), or 2 (standard error), which may then be reused by a called setuid process that intended to perform I/O on normal files.

The _rtld function in the Run-Time Link-Editor (rtld) in libexec/rtld-elf/rtld.c in FreeBSD 7.1 and 8.0 does not clear the (1) LD_LIBMAP, (2) LD_LIBRARY_PATH, (3) LD_LIBMAP_DISABLE, (4) LD_DEBUG, and (5) LD_ELF_HINTS_PATH environment variables, which allows local users to gain privileges by executing a setuid or setguid program with a modified variable containing an untrusted search path that points to a Trojan horse library, different vectors than CVE-2009-4146.

OpenZFS before 2.0.0-rc1, when used on FreeBSD, misinterprets group permissions as user permissions, as demonstrated by mode 0770 being equivalent to mode 0777.

FreeBSD kernel 4.6 and earlier closes the file descriptors 0, 1, and 2 after they have already been assigned to /dev/null when the descriptors reference procfs or linprocfs, which could allow local users to reuse the file descriptors in a setuid or setgid program to modify critical data and gain privileges.

Kerberos 5 su (k5su) in FreeBSD 4.4 and earlier relies on the getlogin system call to determine if the user running k5su is root, which could allow a root-initiated process to regain its privileges after it has dropped them.

Kerberos 5 su (k5su) in FreeBSD 4.5 and earlier does not verify that a user is a member of the wheel group before granting superuser privileges, which could allow unauthorized users to execute commands as root.

Buffer overflow in ncurses 5.0, and the ncurses4 compatibility package as used in Red Hat Linux, allows local users to gain privileges, related to "routines for moving the physical cursor and scrolling."

BubbleMon 1.31 does not properly drop group privileges before executing programs, which allows local users to execute arbitrary commands with the kmem group id.

procfs in FreeBSD and possibly other operating systems allows local users to bypass access control restrictions for a jail environment and gain additional privileges.

Heap corruption vulnerability in the "at" program allows local users to execute arbitrary code via a malformed execution time, which causes at to free the same memory twice.

FreeBSD 4.3 does not properly clear shared signal handlers when executing a process, which allows local users to gain privileges by calling rfork with a shared signal handler, having the child process execute a setuid program, and sending a signal to the child.

Format string vulnerability in Hylafax on FreeBSD allows local users to execute arbitrary code via format specifiers in the -h hostname argument for (1) faxrm or (2) faxalter.

Zope before 2.2.4 does not properly compute local roles, which could allow users to bypass specified access restrictions and gain privileges.

procfs in FreeBSD and possibly other operating systems does not properly restrict access to per-process mem and ctl files, which allows local users to gain root privileges by forking a child process and executing a privileged process from the child, while the parent retains access to the child's address space.

Vulnerability in telnetd in FreeBSD 1.5 allows local users to gain root privileges by modifying critical environmental variables that affect the behavior of telnetd.

Buffer overflow in kdc_reply_cipher of libkrb (Kerberos 4 authentication library) in NetBSD 1.5 and FreeBSD 4.2 and earlier, as used in Kerberised applications such as telnetd and login, allows local users to gain root privileges.

Buffer overflows in brouted in FreeBSD and possibly other OSes allows local users to gain root privileges via long command line arguments.

Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in FreeBSD 6 before 6.4-STABLE, 6.3 before 6.3-RELEASE-p7, 6.4 before 6.4-RELEASE-p1, 7.0 before 7.0-RELEASE-p7, 7.1 before 7.1-RC2, and 7 before 7.1-PRERELEASE allow local users to gain privileges via unknown attack vectors related to function pointers that are "not properly initialized" for (1) netgraph sockets and (2) bluetooth sockets.

Buffer overflow in catopen() function in FreeBSD 5.0 and earlier, and possibly other OSes, allows local users to gain root privileges via a long environmental variable.

Format string vulnerability in pw_error function in BSD libutil library allows local users to gain root privileges via a malformed password in commands such as chpass or passwd.

Multiple buffer overflows in eject on FreeBSD and possibly other OSes allows local users to gain root privileges.

Buffer overflow in ncurses library allows local users to execute arbitrary commands via long environmental information such as TERM or TERMINFO_DIRS.

Buffer overflow in the Linux binary compatibility module in FreeBSD 3.x through 5.x allows local users to gain root privileges via long filenames in the linux shadow file system.

Buffer overflow in the huh program in the orville-write package allows local users to gain root privileges.

NVIDIA GPU Display Driver contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer handler where a NULL pointer dereference may lead to denial of service or potential escalation of privileges

Buffer overflow in the dump utility in the Linux ext2fs backup package allows local users to gain privileges via a long command line argument.

The kernel in FreeBSD 6.3 through 7.0 on amd64 platforms can make an extra swapgs call after a General Protection Fault (GPF), which allows local users to gain privileges by triggering a GPF during the kernel's return from (1) an interrupt, (2) a trap, or (3) a system call.

The catopen function in FreeBSD 5.0 and earlier, and possibly other OSes, allows local users to read arbitrary files via the LANG environmental variable.

The setlocale function in FreeBSD 5.0 and earlier, and possibly other OSes, allows local users to read arbitrary files via the LANG environmental variable.

runtar in the Amanda backup system used in various UNIX operating systems executes tar with root privileges, which allows a user to overwrite or read arbitrary files by providing the target files to runtar.

xsoldier program allows local users to gain root access via a long argument.

FreeBSD mount_union command allows local users to gain root privileges via a symlink attack.

Buffer overflow in FreeBSD setlocale in the libc module allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long PATH_LOCALE environment variable.

KDE allows local users to execute arbitrary commands by setting the KDEDIR environmental variable to modify the search path that KDE uses to locate its executables.

Buffer overflow in FreeBSD fts library routines allows local user to modify arbitrary files via the periodic program.

mmap function in BSD allows local attackers in the kmem group to modify memory through devices.

The suidperl and sperl program do not give up root privileges when changing UIDs back to the original users, allowing root access.

Local user gains root privileges via buffer overflow in rdist, via expstr() function.

Local user gains root privileges via buffer overflow in rdist, via lookup() function.

Local users can start Sendmail in daemon mode and gain root privileges.

Buffer overflow in Xt library of X Windowing System allows local users to execute commands with root privileges.

Buffer overflow in lpr, as used in BSD-based systems including Linux, allows local users to execute arbitrary code as root via a long -C (classification) command line option.

Buffer overflow and denial of service in Sendmail 8.7.5 and earlier through GECOS field gives root access to local users.

A buffer overflow in lsof allows local users to obtain root privilege.

grub2-bhyve, as used in FreeBSD bhyve before revision 525916 2020-02-12, does not validate the address provided as part of a memrw command (read_* or write_*) by a guest through a grub2.cfg file. This allows an untrusted guest to perform arbitrary read or write operations in the context of the grub-bhyve process, resulting in code execution as root on the host OS.

ld.so in FreeBSD, NetBSD, and possibly other BSD distributions does not remove certain harmful environment variables, which allows local users to gain privileges by passing certain environment variables to loading processes. NOTE: this issue has been disputed by a third party, stating that it is the responsibility of the application to properly sanitize the environment

Integer overflow vulnerability in the i386_set_ldt call in FreeBSD 5.5, and possibly earlier versions down to 5.2, allows local users to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2006-4178.

opiepasswd in One-Time Passwords in Everything (OPIE) in FreeBSD 4.10-RELEASE-p22 through 6.1-STABLE before 20060322 uses the getlogin function to determine the invoking user account, which might allow local users to configure OPIE access to the root account and possibly gain root privileges if a root shell is permitted by the configuration of the wheel group or sshd.

The device file system (devfs) in FreeBSD 5.x does not properly check parameters of the node type when creating a device node, which makes hidden devices available to attackers, who can then bypass restrictions on a jailed process.

FreeBSD 5.x to 5.4 on AMD64 does not properly initialize the IO permission bitmap used to allow user access to certain hardware, which allows local users to bypass intended access restrictions to cause a denial of service, obtain sensitive information, and possibly gain privileges.