Devise gem 2.2.x before 2.2.3, 2.1.x before 2.1.3, 2.0.x before 2.0.5, and 1.5.x before 1.5.4 for Ruby, when using certain databases, does not properly perform type conversion when performing database queries, which might allow remote attackers to cause incorrect results to be returned and bypass security checks via unknown vectors, as demonstrated by resetting passwords of arbitrary accounts.

The VpMemAlloc function in bigdecimal.c in the BigDecimal class in Ruby 1.9.2-p136 and earlier, as used on Apple Mac OS X before 10.6.7 and other platforms, does not properly allocate memory, which allows context-dependent attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (application crash) via vectors involving creation of a large BigDecimal value within a 64-bit process, related to an "integer truncation issue."

ext/openssl/ossl_ocsp.c in Ruby 1.8 and 1.9 does not properly check the return value from the OCSP_basic_verify function, which might allow remote attackers to successfully present an invalid X.509 certificate, possibly involving a revoked certificate.

Ruby through 2.4.7, 2.5.x through 2.5.6, and 2.6.x through 2.6.4 allows code injection if the first argument (aka the "command" argument) to Shell#[] or Shell#test in lib/shell.rb is untrusted data. An attacker can exploit this to call an arbitrary Ruby method.

Heap-based buffer overflow in Ruby 1.8, 1.9 before 1.9.3-p484, 2.0 before 2.0.0-p353, 2.1 before 2.1.0 preview2, and trunk before revision 43780 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (segmentation fault) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a string that is converted to a floating point value, as demonstrated using (1) the to_f method or (2) JSON.parse.

The OpenSSL::SSL.verify_certificate_identity function in lib/openssl/ssl.rb in Ruby 1.8 before 1.8.7-p374, 1.9 before 1.9.3-p448, and 2.0 before 2.0.0-p247 does not properly handle a '\0' character in a domain name in the Subject Alternative Name field of an X.509 certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof arbitrary SSL servers via a crafted certificate issued by a legitimate Certification Authority, a related issue to CVE-2009-2408.

An issue was discovered in Ruby before 2.3.8, 2.4.x before 2.4.5, 2.5.x before 2.5.2, and 2.6.x before 2.6.0-preview3. It does not taint strings that result from unpacking tainted strings with some formats.

lib/rexml/text.rb in the REXML parser in Ruby before 1.9.3-p392 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption and crash) via crafted text nodes in an XML document, aka an XML Entity Expansion (XEE) attack.

Puppet 2.7.x before 2.7.21 and 3.1.x before 3.1.1, when running Ruby 1.9.3 or later, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via vectors related to "serialized attributes."

Ruby (aka CRuby) before 1.8.7-p357 computes hash values without restricting the ability to trigger hash collisions predictably, which allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via crafted input to an application that maintains a hash table.

The SecureRandom.random_bytes function in lib/securerandom.rb in Ruby before 1.8.7-p352 and 1.9.x before 1.9.2-p290 relies on PID values for initialization, which makes it easier for context-dependent attackers to predict the result string by leveraging knowledge of random strings obtained in an earlier process with the same PID.

DL::dlopen in Ruby 1.8, 1.9.0, 1.9.2, 1.9.3, 2.0.0 before patchlevel 648, and 2.1 before 2.1.8 opens libraries with tainted names.

The dl module in Ruby 1.8.5 and earlier, 1.8.6 through 1.8.6-p286, 1.8.7 through 1.8.7-p71, and 1.9 through r18423 does not check "taintness" of inputs, which allows context-dependent attackers to bypass safe levels and execute dangerous functions by accessing a library using DL.dlopen.

The REXML module in Ruby 1.8.6 through 1.8.6-p287, 1.8.7 through 1.8.7-p72, and 1.9 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via an XML document with recursively nested entities, aka an "XML entity explosion."

The Fiddle::Handle implementation in ext/fiddle/handle.c in Ruby before 2.0.0-p648, 2.1 before 2.1.8, and 2.2 before 2.2.4, as distributed in Apple OS X before 10.11.4 and other products, mishandles tainting, which allows context-dependent attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (application crash) via a crafted string, related to the DL module and the libffi library. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of a CVE-2009-5147 regression.

In Ruby before 2.2.10, 2.3.x before 2.3.7, 2.4.x before 2.4.4, 2.5.x before 2.5.1, and 2.6.0-preview1, the UNIXServer.open and UNIXSocket.open methods are not checked for null characters. It may be connected to an unintended socket.

The JSON gem through 2.2.0 for Ruby, as used in Ruby 2.4 through 2.4.9, 2.5 through 2.5.7, and 2.6 through 2.6.5, has an Unsafe Object Creation Vulnerability. This is quite similar to CVE-2013-0269, but does not rely on poor garbage-collection behavior within Ruby. Specifically, use of JSON parsing methods can lead to creation of a malicious object within the interpreter, with adverse effects that are application-dependent.

verify_certificate_identity in the OpenSSL extension in Ruby before 2.0.0 patchlevel 645, 2.1.x before 2.1.6, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 does not properly validate hostnames, which allows remote attackers to spoof servers via vectors related to (1) multiple wildcards, (1) wildcards in IDNA names, (3) case sensitivity, and (4) non-ASCII characters.

multi_xml gem 0.5.2 for Ruby, as used in Grape before 0.2.6 and possibly other products, does not properly restrict casts of string values, which allows remote attackers to conduct object-injection attacks and execute arbitrary code, or cause a denial of service (memory and CPU consumption) involving nested XML entity references, by leveraging support for (1) YAML type conversion or (2) Symbol type conversion, a similar vulnerability to CVE-2013-0156.

The parse_char_class function in regparse.c in the Onigmo (aka Oniguruma-mod) regular expression library, as used in Ruby 2.4.0, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (deep recursion and application crash) via a crafted regular expression.

IBM Lotus Quickr 8.0 server, and possibly QuickPlace 7.x, does not properly identify URIs containing cross-site scripting (XSS) attack strings, which allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a Calendar OpenDocument action to main.nsf with a Count parameter containing a JavaScript event in a malformed element, as demonstrated by an onload event in an IFRAME element.

Joomla! 1.5 before RC2 (aka Endeleo) allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information (the full path) via unspecified vectors, probably involving direct requests to certain PHP scripts in tmpl/ directories.

PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in environment.php in AnyInventory 1.9.1 and 2.0, when register_globals is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the DIR_PREFIX parameter.

WebKit in Apple Safari 3 Beta before Update 3.0.3 does not properly recognize an unchecked "Enable Java" setting, which allows remote attackers to execute Java applets via a crafted web page.

Xdg-utils 1.0.2 and earlier allows user-assisted remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a URL argument to (1) xdg-open or (2) xdg-email.

easy_install in setuptools before 0.7 uses HTTP to retrieve packages from the PyPI repository, and does not perform integrity checks on package contents, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted response to the default use of the product.

pip before 1.3 uses HTTP to retrieve packages from the PyPI repository, and does not perform integrity checks on package contents, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted response to a "pip install" operation.

In Eaton ELCSoft versions 2.04.02 and prior, there are multiple cases where specially crafted files could cause a buffer overflow which, in turn, may allow remote execution of arbitrary code.

F5 BIG-IP 13.0.0-13.0.1, 12.1.0-12.1.3.6, or 11.2.1-11.6.3.2 HTTPS health monitors do not validate the identity of the monitored server.

Failure to apply Mark-of-the-Web in Downloads in Google Chrome prior to 65.0.3325.146 allowed a remote attacker to bypass OS level controls via a crafted HTML page.

Puppet Agent 1.10.x prior to 1.10.13, Puppet Agent 5.3.x prior to 5.3.7, and Puppet Agent 5.5.x prior to 5.5.2 on Windows only, with a specially crafted configuration file an attacker could get pxp-agent to load arbitrary code with privilege escalation.

Insufficient data validation in Downloads in Google Chrome prior to 64.0.3282.119 allowed a remote attacker to potentially run arbitrary code outside sandbox via a crafted Chrome Extension.

Insufficient validation of input in Blink in Google Chrome prior to 66.0.3359.170 allowed a remote attacker to perform privilege escalation via a crafted HTML page.

Insufficient data validation in External Protocol Handler in Google Chrome prior to 64.0.3282.119 allowed a remote attacker to potentially execute arbitrary programs on user machine via a crafted HTML page.

Insufficient policy enforcement in Catalog Service in Google Chrome prior to 64.0.3282.119 allowed a remote attacker to potentially run arbitrary code outside sandbox via a crafted HTML page.

An iterator-invalidation bug in PDFium in Google Chrome prior to 66.0.3359.117 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted PDF file.

mpv through 0.28.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted web site, because it reads HTML documents containing VIDEO elements, and accepts arbitrary URLs in a src attribute without a protocol whitelist in player/lua/ytdl_hook.lua. For example, an av://lavfi:ladspa=file= URL signifies that the product should call dlopen on a shared object file located at an arbitrary local pathname. The issue exists because the product does not consider that youtube-dl can provide a potentially unsafe URL.

Insufficient target checks on the chrome.debugger API in DevTools in Google Chrome prior to 67.0.3396.62 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Chrome Extension.

Insufficient policy enforcement in Blink in Google Chrome prior to 68.0.3440.75 allowed a remote attacker to bypass same origin policy via a crafted HTML page.

An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. iOS before 11.3 is affected. The issue involves the "Safari" component. It allows remote attackers to spoof the user interface via a crafted web site.

In iOS before 11.3, Safari before 11.1, iCloud for Windows before 7.4, tvOS before 11.3, watchOS before 4.3, iTunes before 12.7.4 for Windows, unexpected interaction causes an ASSERT failure. This issue was addressed with improved checks.

Adobe PhoneGap Push Plugin versions 1.8.0 and earlier have an exploitable Same-Origin Method Execution vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to JavaScript code execution in the context of the PhoneGap app.

An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. iOS before 11.3 is affected. The issue involves the "SafariViewController" component. It allows remote attackers to spoof the user interface via a crafted web site that leverages input into a partially loaded page.

A logic issue was addressed with improved restrictions. This issue affected versions prior to iOS 12.1.1, macOS Mojave 10.14.2, tvOS 12.1.1, watchOS 5.1.2.

When packets with a mismatched RTP payload type are sent in WebRTC connections, in some circumstances a potentially exploitable crash is triggered. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR < 52.7 and Firefox < 59.

A vulnerability in the ExtCommon.dll user extension module version 9.2, 9.2.1, 9.2.2 of Xplatform ActiveX could allow attacker to perform a command injection attack. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of command parameters. An crafted malicious parameters could cause arbitrary command to execute.

In iOS before 11.3, Safari before 11.1, iCloud for Windows before 7.4, tvOS before 11.3, watchOS before 4.3, iTunes before 12.7.4 for Windows, unexpected interaction causes an ASSERT failure. This issue was addressed with improved checks.

In Veraport G3 ALL on MacOS, due to insufficient domain validation, It is possible to overwrite installation file to malicious file. A remote unauthenticated attacker may use this vulnerability to execute arbitrary file.

An input validation issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue affected versions prior to macOS Mojave 10.14, iOS 12.1.1, macOS Mojave 10.14.2, tvOS 12.1.1, watchOS 5.1.2.

In iOS before 11.3, Safari before 11.1, iCloud for Windows before 7.4, tvOS before 11.3, watchOS before 4.3, iTunes before 12.7.4 for Windows, unexpected interaction causes an ASSERT failure. This issue was addressed with improved checks.