Integer overflow in the pipe_build_write_buffer function (sys/kern/sys_pipe.c) in the direct write optimization feature in the pipe implementation in FreeBSD 7.1 through 7.2 and 6.3 through 6.4 allows local users to bypass virtual-to-physical address lookups and read sensitive information in memory pages via unspecified vectors.

The db interface in libc in FreeBSD 6.3, 6.4, 7.0, 7.1, and 7.2-PRERELEASE does not properly initialize memory for Berkeley DB 1.85 database structures, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by reading a database file.

FreeBSD 8.4 before p14, 9.1 before p17, 9.2 before p10, and 10.0 before p7 does not properly initialize the buffer between the header and data of a control message, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information from kernel memory via unspecified vectors.

The ql_eioctl function in sys/dev/qlxgbe/ql_ioctl.c in the kernel in FreeBSD 10 and earlier does not validate a certain size parameter, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information from kernel memory via a crafted ioctl call.

The qls_eioctl function in sys/dev/qlxge/qls_ioctl.c in the kernel in FreeBSD 10 and earlier does not validate a certain size parameter, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information from kernel memory via a crafted ioctl call.

FreeBSD 8.4 before p14, 9.1 before p17, 9.2 before p10, and 10.0 before p7 does not properly initialize certain data structures, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information from kernel memory via a (1) SCTP_SNDRCV, (2) SCTP_EXTRCV, or (3) SCTP_RCVINFO SCTP cmsg or a (4) SCTP_PEER_ADDR_CHANGE, (5) SCTP_REMOTE_ERROR, or (6) SCTP_AUTHENTICATION_EVENT notification.

The sendfile system call in FreeBSD 5.5 through 7.0 does not check the access flags of the file descriptor used for sending a file, which allows local users to read the contents of write-only files.

The Coda filesystem kernel module, as used in NetBSD and FreeBSD, when Coda is loaded and Venus is running with /coda mounted, allows local users to read sensitive heap memory via a large out_size value in a ViceIoctl struct to a Coda ioctl, which triggers a buffer over-read.

Information Disclosure vulnerability in the 802.11 stack, as used in FreeBSD before 8.2 and NetBSD when using certain non-x86 architectures. A signedness error in the IEEE80211_IOC_CHANINFO ioctl allows a local unprivileged user to cause the kernel to copy large amounts of kernel memory back to the user, disclosing potentially sensitive information.

In FreeBSD before 11.1-STABLE(r332066) and 11.1-RELEASE-p10, due to insufficient initialization of memory copied to userland in the network subsystem, small amounts of kernel memory may be disclosed to userland processes. Unprivileged authenticated local users may be able to access small amounts of privileged kernel data.

Bournal before 1.4.1 on FreeBSD 8.0, when the -K option is used, places a ccrypt key on the command line, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by listing the process and its arguments, related to "echoing."

In FreeBSD before 11.1-STABLE, 11.1-RELEASE-p9, 10.4-STABLE, 10.4-RELEASE-p8 and 10.3-RELEASE-p28, due to insufficient initialization of memory copied to userland, small amounts of kernel memory may be disclosed to userland processes. Unprivileged users may be able to access small amounts privileged kernel data.

In FreeBSD before 11.1-STABLE(r332303), 11.1-RELEASE-p10, 10.4-STABLE(r332321), and 10.4-RELEASE-p9, due to insufficient initialization of memory copied to userland in the Linux subsystem and Atheros wireless driver, small amounts of kernel memory may be disclosed to userland processes. Unprivileged authenticated local users may be able to access small amounts of privileged kernel data.

bsnmpd, as used in FreeBSD 9.3, 10.1, and 10.2, uses world-readable permissions on the snmpd.config file, which allows local users to obtain the secret key for USM authentication by reading the file.

System software utilizing Lazy FP state restore technique on systems using Intel Core-based microprocessors may potentially allow a local process to infer data from another process through a speculative execution side channel.

In FreeBSD before 11.2-STABLE(r338983), 11.2-RELEASE-p4, 11.1-RELEASE-p15, 10.4-STABLE(r338984), and 10.4-RELEASE-p13, due to insufficient initialization of memory copied to userland in the getcontext and swapcontext system calls, small amounts of kernel memory may be disclosed to userland processes. Unprivileged authenticated local users may be able to access small amounts privileged kernel data.

The setlogin function in FreeBSD 8.4 through 10.1-RC4 does not initialize the buffer used to store the login name, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information from kernel memory via a call to getlogin, which returns the entire buffer.

The sctp_send_initiate_ack function in sys/netinet/sctp_output.c in the SCTP implementation in the kernel in FreeBSD 8.3 through 9.2-PRERELEASE does not properly initialize the state-cookie data structure, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from kernel stack memory by reading packet data in INIT-ACK chunks.

The sendfile system-call implementation in sys/kern/uipc_syscalls.c in the kernel in FreeBSD 9.2-RC1 and 9.2-RC2 does not properly pad transmissions, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information (kernel memory) via a length greater than the length of the file.

The sm_close_on_exec function in conf.c in sendmail before 8.14.9 has arguments in the wrong order, and consequently skips setting expected FD_CLOEXEC flags, which allows local users to access unintended high-numbered file descriptors via a custom mail-delivery program.

The "internal state tracking" code for the random and urandom devices in FreeBSD 5.5, 6.1 through 6.3, and 7.0 beta 4 allows local users to obtain portions of previously-accessed random values, which could be leveraged to bypass protection mechanisms that rely on secrecy of those values.

Multiple ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC) device drivers do not pad frames with null bytes, which allows remote attackers to obtain information from previous packets or kernel memory by using malformed packets, as demonstrated by Etherleak.

In FreeBSD 12.0-STABLE before r347474, 12.0-RELEASE before 12.0-RELEASE-p7, 11.2-STABLE before r347475, and 11.2-RELEASE before 11.2-RELEASE-p11, a bug in the FFS implementation causes up to three bytes of kernel stack memory to be written to disk as uninitialized directory entry padding.

crontab.c in crontab in FreeBSD allows local users to determine the existence of arbitrary directories via a command-line argument composed of a directory name concatenated with a directory traversal sequence that leads to the /etc/crontab pathname.

In FreeBSD before 11.1-STABLE, 11.1-RELEASE-p4, 11.0-RELEASE-p15, 10.4-STABLE, 10.4-RELEASE-p3, and 10.3-RELEASE-p24, the kernel does not properly clear the memory of the kld_file_stat structure before filling the data. Since the structure filled by the kernel is allocated on the kernel stack and copied to userspace, a leak of information from the kernel stack is possible. As a result, some bytes from the kernel stack can be observed in userspace.

The do_ed_script function in pch.c in GNU patch through 2.7.6, and patch in FreeBSD 10.1 before 10.1-RELEASE-p17, 10.2 before 10.2-BETA2-p3, 10.2-RC1 before 10.2-RC1-p2, and 0.2-RC2 before 10.2-RC2-p1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted patch file, because a '!' character can be passed to the ed program.

The bsdinstall installer in FreeBSD 10.x before 10.1 p9, when configuring full disk encrypted ZFS, uses world-readable permissions for the GELI keyfile (/boot/encryption.key), which allows local users to obtain sensitive key information by reading the file.

In FreeBSD before 11.1-STABLE, 11.1-RELEASE-p4, 11.0-RELEASE-p15, 10.4-STABLE, 10.4-RELEASE-p3, and 10.3-RELEASE-p24, not all information in the struct ptrace_lwpinfo is relevant for the state of any thread, and the kernel does not fill the irrelevant bytes or short strings. Since the structure filled by the kernel is allocated on the kernel stack and copied to userspace, a leak of information of the kernel stack of the thread is possible from the debugger. As a result, some bytes from the kernel stack of the thread using ptrace (PT_LWPINFO) call can be observed in userspace.

Integer overflow in the btrfs_ioctl_clone function in fs/btrfs/ioctl.c in the Linux kernel before 2.6.35 might allow local users to obtain sensitive information via a BTRFS_IOC_CLONE_RANGE ioctl call.

IOAcceleratorFamily in Apple iOS before 9.3.3 and watchOS before 2.2.2 allows local users to obtain sensitive information from kernel memory or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via unspecified vectors.

Tools/gdomap.c in gdomap in GNUstep Base before 1.20.0 allows local users to read arbitrary files via a (1) -c or (2) -a option, which prints file contents in an error message.

The Linux kernel before 2.6.31-rc7 does not initialize certain data structures within getname functions, which allows local users to read the contents of some kernel memory locations by calling getsockname on (1) an AF_APPLETALK socket, related to the atalk_getname function in net/appletalk/ddp.c; (2) an AF_IRDA socket, related to the irda_getname function in net/irda/af_irda.c; (3) an AF_ECONET socket, related to the econet_getname function in net/econet/af_econet.c; (4) an AF_NETROM socket, related to the nr_getname function in net/netrom/af_netrom.c; (5) an AF_ROSE socket, related to the rose_getname function in net/rose/af_rose.c; or (6) a raw CAN socket, related to the raw_getname function in net/can/raw.c.

XScreenSaver in Sun Solaris 9 and 10, OpenSolaris before snv_120, and X11 6.4.1 for Solaris 8, when the Xorg or Xnewt server is used, allows physically proximate attackers to obtain sensitive information by reading popup windows, which are displayed even when the screen is locked, a different vulnerability than CVE-2009-1276.

The llc_ui_getname function in net/llc/af_llc.c in the Linux kernel 2.6.31-rc7 and earlier does not initialize a certain data structure, which allows local users to read the contents of some kernel memory locations by calling getsockname on an AF_LLC socket.

The do_devinfo_ioctl function in drivers/staging/comedi/comedi_fops.c in the Linux kernel before 3.1 allows local users to obtain sensitive information from kernel memory via a copy of a short string.

Adobe Flash Player before 9.0.246.0 and 10.x before 10.0.32.18, and Adobe AIR before 1.5.2, allows attackers to obtain sensitive information via vectors involving saving an SWF file to a hard drive, related to a "local sandbox vulnerability."

A memory initialization issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue affected versions prior to iOS 12.1.1, macOS Mojave 10.14.2, tvOS 12.1.1, watchOS 5.1.2.

In the Linux kernel through 4.15.4, the floppy driver reveals the addresses of kernel functions and global variables using printk calls within the function show_floppy in drivers/block/floppy.c. An attacker can read this information from dmesg and use the addresses to find the locations of kernel code and data and bypass kernel security protections such as KASLR.

MagniComp SysInfo before 10-H81, as shipped with BMC BladeLogic Automation and other products, contains an information exposure vulnerability in which a local unprivileged user is able to read any root (uid 0) owned file on the system, regardless of the file permissions. Confidential information such as password hashes (/etc/shadow) or other secrets (such as log files or private keys) can be leaked to the attacker. The vulnerability has a confidentiality impact, but has no direct impact on system integrity or availability.

The Windows Printing Service in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP2, Vista Gold, SP1, and SP2, and Server 2008 SP2 allows local users to read arbitrary files via a crafted separator page, aka "Print Spooler Read File Vulnerability."

sudo: It was discovered that the default sudo configuration on Red Hat Enterprise Linux and possibly other Linux implementations preserves the value of INPUTRC which could lead to information disclosure. A local user with sudo access to a restricted program that uses readline could use this flaw to read content from specially formatted files with elevated privileges provided by sudo.

The simulate dbus method in aptdaemon before 1.1.1+bzr982-0ubuntu3.1 as packaged in Ubuntu 15.04, before 1.1.1+bzr980-0ubuntu1.1 as packaged in Ubuntu 14.10, before 1.1.1-1ubuntu5.2 as packaged in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, before 0.43+bzr805-0ubuntu10 as packaged in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS allows local users to obtain sensitive information, or access files with root permissions.

Possible memory overread may be lead to access of sensitive data in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wearables in MDM9150, MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9615, MDM9625, MDM9635M, MDM9650, MDM9655, QCS605, Qualcomm 215, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 425, SD 427, SD 430, SD 435, SD 439 / SD 429, SD 450, SD 625, SD 632, SD 636, SD 675, SD 712 / SD 710 / SD 670, SD 835, SD 845 / SD 850, SDA660, SDM439, SDM630, SDM660, SDX20, SM7150, SXR1130

Fortinet FortiAuthenticator 3.0.0 allows local users to read arbitrary files via the -f flag to the dig command.

Interrupt exit code flow may undermine access control policy set forth by secure world can lead to potential secure asset leakage in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, in MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9650, MDM9655, QCS605, SD 410/12, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 636, SD 712 / SD 710 / SD 670, SD 845 / SD 850, SD 8CX, SDA660, SDM630, SDM660, SXR1130

Secure keypad is unlocked with secure display still intact in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables in MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9650, MDM9655, QCS605, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 410/12, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 636, SD 712 / SD 710 / SD 670, SD 835, SD 845 / SD 850, SD 8CX, SDA660, SDM630, SDM660, SXR1130

IBM DB2 for Linux, UNIX and Windows (includes DB2 Connect Server) 9.7, 10.1, 10.5, and 11.1 contains a vulnerability in db2cacpy that could allow a local user to read any file on the system. IBM X-Force ID: 145502.