CompuLab Intense PC and MintBox 2 devices with BIOS before 2017-05-21 do not use the CloseMnf protection mechanism for write protection of flash memory regions, which allows local users to install a firmware rootkit by leveraging administrative privileges.

Array index error in the kvm_vm_ioctl_create_vcpu function in virt/kvm/kvm_main.c in the KVM subsystem in the Linux kernel through 3.12.5 allows local users to gain privileges via a large id value.

There is a possible tty hijacking in shadow 4.x before 4.1.5 and sudo 1.x before 1.7.4 via "su - user -c program". The user session can be escaped to the parent session by using the TIOCSTI ioctl to push characters into the input buffer to be read by the next process.

The virtqueue_map_sg function in hw/virtio/virtio.c in QEMU before 1.7.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary files via a crafted savevm image, related to virtio-block or virtio-serial read.

Insufficient validation of addresses in AMD Secure Processor (ASP) firmware system call may potentially lead to arbitrary code execution by a compromised user application.

This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on vulnerable installations of Joyent SmartOS release-20170803-20170803T064301Z. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the SMBIOC_TREE_RELE ioctl. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code under the context of the host OS. Was ZDI-CAN-4984.

win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3 and Server 2003 SP2 does not properly validate addresses, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Win32k Memory Corruption Vulnerability."

The AsrDrv101.sys and AsrDrv102.sys low-level drivers in ASRock RGBLED before v1.0.35.1, A-Tuning before v3.0.210, F-Stream before v3.0.210, and RestartToUEFI before v1.0.6.2 expose functionality to read and write Machine Specific Registers (MSRs). This could be leveraged to execute arbitrary ring-0 code.

Array index error in the __sock_diag_rcv_msg function in net/core/sock_diag.c in the Linux kernel before 3.7.10 allows local users to gain privileges via a large family value in a Netlink message.

Insufficient input validation in Intel(R) AMT in Intel(R) CSME before version 11.8.60, 11.11.60, 11.22.60 or 12.0.20 may allow a privileged user to potentially execute arbitrary code via local access.

Insufficient input validation in Intel(r) CSME subsystem before versions 11.8.60, 11.11.60, 11.22.60 or 12.0.20 or Intel(r) TXE before 3.1.60 or 4.0.10 may allow a privileged user to potentially enable an escalation of privilege via local access.

Improper input validation in QCPE create function may lead to integer overflow in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile in MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9650, MDM9655, MSM8996AU, SD 410/12, SD 820A

The do_tmem_op function in the Transcendent Memory (TMEM) in Xen 4.0, 4.1, and 4.2 allow local guest OS users to cause a denial of service (host crash) and possibly have other unspecified impacts via unspecified vectors related to "broken locking checks" in an "error path." NOTE: this issue was originally published as part of CVE-2012-3497, which was too general; CVE-2012-3497 has been SPLIT into this ID and others.

The VPN component in Windscribe 1.81 uses the OpenVPN client for connections. Also, it creates a WindScribeService.exe system process that establishes a \\.\pipe\WindscribeService named pipe endpoint that allows the Windscribe VPN process to connect and execute an OpenVPN process or other processes (like taskkill, etc.). There is no validation of the program name before constructing the lpCommandLine argument for a CreateProcess call. An attacker can run any malicious process with SYSTEM privileges through this named pipe.

The Microsoft Antimalware Client in Windows Defender on Windows 8 and Windows RT uses an incorrect pathname for MsMpEng.exe, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Microsoft Antimalware Improper Pathname Vulnerability."

A vulnerability in the Cisco Umbrella Enterprise Roaming Client (ERC) could allow an authenticated, local attacker to elevate privileges to Administrator. To exploit the vulnerability, the attacker must authenticate with valid local user credentials. This vulnerability is due to improper implementation of file system permissions, which could allow non-administrative users to place files within restricted directories. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by placing an executable file within the restricted directory, which when executed by the ERC client, would run with Administrator privileges.

A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco NX-OS Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to perform a command-injection attack on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of command arguments. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious command arguments into a vulnerable CLI command. A successful exploit could allow the attacker, authenticated as a privileged user, to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. Note: On products that support multiple virtual device contexts (VDC), this vulnerability could allow an attacker to access files from any VDC. This vulnerability affects Nexus 2000 Series Fabric Extenders, Nexus 3000 Series Switches, Nexus 3500 Platform Switches, Nexus 3600 Platform Switches, Nexus 5500 Platform Switches, Nexus 5600 Platform Switches, Nexus 6000 Series Switches, Nexus 7000 Series Switches, Nexus 7700 Series Switches, Nexus 9000 Series Switches in standalone NX-OS mode, Nexus 9500 R-Series Line Cards and Fabric Modules. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCve51704, CSCve91749, CSCve91768.

A vulnerability in the CLI parser of Cisco NX-OS Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to perform a command-injection attack on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of command arguments. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious command arguments into a vulnerable CLI command. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges on the affected device. Note: This vulnerability requires that any feature license is uploaded to the device. The vulnerability does not require that the license be used. This vulnerability affects MDS 9000 Series Multilayer Switches, Nexus 1000V Series Switches, Nexus 1100 Series Cloud Services Platforms, Nexus 2000 Series Fabric Extenders, Nexus 3000 Series Switches, Nexus 3500 Platform Switches, Nexus 3600 Platform Switches, Nexus 5500 Platform Switches, Nexus 5600 Platform Switches, Nexus 6000 Series Switches, Nexus 7000 Series Switches, Nexus 7700 Series Switches, Nexus 9000 Series Switches in standalone NX-OS mode, Nexus 9500 R-Series Line Cards and Fabric Modules. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCve51693, CSCve91634, CSCve91659, CSCve91663.

A vulnerability in the role-based access-checking mechanisms of Cisco NX-OS Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary commands on an affected device. The vulnerability exists because the affected software lacks proper input and validation checks for certain file systems. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by issuing crafted commands in the CLI of an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause other users to execute unwanted, arbitrary commands on the affected device. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvd06339, CSCvd15698, CSCvd36108, CSCvf52921, CSCvf52930, CSCvf52953, CSCvf52976.

A vulnerability in the CLI parser of Cisco FXOS Software and Cisco UCS Fabric Interconnect Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to cause a buffer overflow on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to incorrect input validation in the CLI parser subsystem. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by exceeding the expected length of user input. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges on the affected system. This vulnerability affects Firepower 4100 Series Next-Generation Firewall, Firepower 9300 Security Appliance, UCS 6100 Series Fabric Interconnects, UCS 6200 Series Fabric Interconnects, UCS 6300 Series Fabric Interconnects. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvb61099, CSCvb86743.

AnyDesk for macOS versions 6.0.2 and older have a vulnerability in the XPC interface that does not properly validate client requests and allows local privilege escalation.

FreeBSD: Input Validation Flaw allows local users to gain elevated privileges

Tunnelblick 3.3beta20 and earlier relies on argv[0] to determine the name of an appropriate (1) kernel module pathname or (2) executable file pathname, which allows local users to gain privileges via an execl system call.

smb4k before 2.0.1 allows local users to gain root privileges by leveraging failure to verify arguments to the mount helper DBUS service.

Dell EMC PowerScale OneFS versions 8.1.0 - 9.1.0 contain an improper input validation vulnerability. A user with the ISI_PRIV_CLUSTER privilege may exploit this vulnerability, leading to the execution of arbitrary OS commands on the application's underlying OS, with the privileges of the vulnerable application.

Qemu, as used in Xen 4.0, 4.1 and possibly other products, when emulating certain devices with a virtual console backend, allows local OS guest users to gain privileges via a crafted escape VT100 sequence that triggers the overwrite of a "device model's address space."

Windows Hyper-V in Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, and 1703, and Windows Server 2016 allows a remote code execution vulnerability when it fails to properly validate input from a privileged user on a guest operating system, aka "Windows Hyper-V Remote Code Execution Vulnerability".

The Comcast firmware on Motorola MX011ANM (firmware version MX011AN_2.9p6s1_PROD_sey) devices allows physically proximate attackers to execute arbitrary commands as root by pulling up the diagnostics menu on the set-top box, and then posting to a Web Inspector route.

The dbus_g_proxy_manager_filter function in dbus-gproxy in Dbus-glib before 0.100.1 does not properly verify the sender of NameOwnerChanged signals, which allows local users to gain privileges via a spoofed signal.

cPanel before 68.0.15 can perform unsafe file operations because Jailshell does not set the umask (SEC-315).

A potential vulnerability in the SMI callback function used in the NVME driver in some Lenovo Desktop, ThinkStation, and ThinkEdge models may allow an attacker with local access and elevated privileges to execute arbitrary code.

A potential vulnerability in the SMI callback function used in the Legacy BIOS mode driver in some Lenovo Notebook models may allow an attacker with local access and elevated privileges to execute arbitrary code.

In TG Soft Vir.IT eXplorer Lite 8.5.65, the driver file (VIRAGTLT.SYS) allows local users to cause a denial of service (BSOD) or possibly have unspecified other impact because of not validating input values from IOCtl 0x8273E060.

Avira AntiVir Premium, Premium Security Suite, AntiVir Professional, and AntiVir Personal - FREE allows local users to execute arbitrary code via a crafted IOCTL request that overwrites a kernel pointer.

A vulnerability in how DLL files are loaded with Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client for Windows could allow an authenticated, local attacker to install and run an executable file with privileges equivalent to the Microsoft Windows SYSTEM account. The vulnerability is due to incomplete input validation of path and file names of a DLL file before it is loaded. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by creating a malicious DLL file and installing it in a specific system directory. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute commands on the underlying Microsoft Windows host with privileges equivalent to the SYSTEM account. The attacker would need valid user credentials to exploit this vulnerability. This vulnerability affects all Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client for Windows software versions prior to 4.4.02034. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvc97928.

A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco ASR 5000 Series Aggregated Services Routers running the Cisco StarOS operating system could allow an authenticated, local attacker to bypass the CLI restrictions and execute commands on the underlying operating system. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input sanitization of user-supplied input at the CLI. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by crafting a script on the device that will allow them to bypass built-in restrictions. An exploit could allow the unauthorized user to launch the CLI directly from a command shell. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvd47722. Known Affected Releases: 21.0.v0.65839.

A vulnerability in the backup and restore functionality of Cisco FireSIGHT System Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary code on a targeted system. More Information: CSCvc91092. Known Affected Releases: 6.2.0 6.2.1.

A vulnerability in the CLI command-parsing code of Cisco Meeting Server could allow an authenticated, local attacker to perform command injection and escalate their privileges to root. The attacker must first authenticate to the application with valid administrator credentials. The vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input at the CLI for certain commands. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by authenticating to the affected application and submitting a crafted CLI command for execution at the Cisco Meeting Server CLI. An exploit could allow the attacker to perform command injection and escalate their privilege level to root. Vulnerable Products: This vulnerability exists in Cisco Meeting Server software versions prior to and including 2.0, 2.1, and 2.2. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvf53830.

A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco IOS XR Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to elevate privileges to the root level. More Information: CSCvb99384. Known Affected Releases: 6.2.1.BASE. Known Fixed Releases: 6.2.11.3i.ROUT 6.2.1.29i.ROUT 6.2.1.26i.ROUT.

A potential vulnerability in the SMI callback function used in the SMBIOS event log driver in some Lenovo Desktop, ThinkStation, and ThinkEdge models may allow an attacker with local access and elevated privileges to execute arbitrary code.

A Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in MagniComp's Sysinfo before 10-H64 for Linux and UNIX platforms could allow a local attacker to gain elevated privileges. Parts of SysInfo require setuid-to-root access in order to access restricted system files and make restricted kernel calls. This access could be exploited by a local attacker to gain a root shell prompt using the right combination of environment variables and command line arguments.

A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco IOS XR Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the host operating system with root privileges, aka Command Injection. More Information: CSCvb99406. Known Affected Releases: 6.2.1.BASE. Known Fixed Releases: 6.2.1.28i.BASE 6.2.1.22i.BASE 6.1.32.8i.BASE 6.1.31.3i.BASE 6.1.3.10i.BASE.

NVIDIA Windows GPU Display Driver contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler for DxgkDdiEscape where a pointer passed from an user to the driver is used without validation which may lead to denial of service or potential escalation of privileges.

NVIDIA Windows GPU Display Driver contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler for DxgkDdiEscape where an improper input parameter handling may lead to a denial of service or potential escalation of privileges.

NVIDIA libnvomx contains a possible out of bounds write due to a improper input validation which could lead to local escalation of privilege. This issue is rated as high. Product: Android. Version: N/A. Android: A-66969318. Reference: N-CVE-2017-6281.

NVIDIA Windows GPU Display Driver contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler for DxgkDdiEscape where a value passed from a user to the driver is not correctly validated and used as the index to an array which may lead to denial of service or possible escalation of privileges.

NVIDIA Windows GPU Display Driver contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer (nvlddmkm.sys) handler for DxgkDdiEscape where a pointer passed from a user to the driver is used without validation which may lead to denial of service or possible escalation of privileges.

In the kernel in Insyde InsydeH2O 5.x, certain SMM drivers did not correctly validate the CommBuffer and CommBufferSize parameters, allowing callers to corrupt either the firmware or the OS memory. The fixed versions for this issue in the AhciBusDxe, IdeBusDxe, NvmExpressDxe, SdHostDriverDxe, and SdMmcDeviceDxe drivers are 05.16.25, 05.26.25, 05.35.25, 05.43.25, and 05.51.25 (for Kernel 5.1 through 5.5).