On Windows, if Git LFS operates on a malicious repository with a `..exe` file as well as a file named `git.exe`, and `git.exe` is not found in `PATH`, the `..exe` program will be executed, permitting the attacker to execute arbitrary code. This does not affect Unix systems. Similarly, if the malicious repository contains files named `..exe` and `cygpath.exe`, and `cygpath.exe` is not found in `PATH`, the `..exe` program will be executed when certain Git LFS commands are run. More generally, if the current working directory contains any file with a base name of `.` and a file extension from `PATHEXT` (except `.bat` and `.cmd`), and also contains another file with the same base name as a program Git LFS intends to execute (such as `git`, `cygpath`, or `uname`) and any file extension from `PATHEXT` (including `.bat` and `.cmd`), then, on Windows, when Git LFS attempts to execute the intended program the `..exe`, `..com`, etc., file will be executed instead, but only if the intended program is not found in any directory listed in `PATH`. The vulnerability occurs because when Git LFS detects that the program it intends to run does not exist in any directory listed in `PATH` then Git LFS passes an empty string as the executable file path to the Go `os/exec` package, which contains a bug such that, on Windows, it prepends the name of the current working directory (i.e., `.`) to the empty string without adding a path separator, and as a result searches in that directory for a file with the base name `.` combined with any file extension from `PATHEXT`, executing the first one it finds. (The reason `..bat` and `..cmd` files are not executed in the same manner is that, although the Go `os/exec` package tries to execute them just as it does a `..exe` file, the Microsoft Win32 API `CreateProcess()` family of functions have an undocumented feature in that they apparently recognize when a caller is attempting to execute a batch script file and instead run the `cmd.exe` command interpreter, passing the full set of command line arguments as parameters. These are unchanged from the command line arguments set by Git LFS, and as such, the intended program's name is the first, resulting in a command line like `cmd.exe /c git`, which then fails.) Git LFS has resolved this vulnerability by always reporting an error when a program is not found in any directory listed in `PATH` rather than passing an empty string to the Go `os/exec` package in this case. The bug in the Go `os/exec` package has been reported to the Go project and is expected to be patched after this security advisory is published. The problem was introduced in version 2.12.1 and is patched in version 3.1.3. Users of affected versions should upgrade to version 3.1.3. There are currently no known workarounds at this time.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in Installer of QuickTime for Windows allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in Empirical Project Monitor - eXtended all versions allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in the installer of SaAT Personal ver.1.0.10.272 and earlier allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Yandex Browser for Desktop before 24.7.1.380 has a DLL Hijacking Vulnerability because an untrusted search path is used.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in the installer of SaAT Netizen ver.1.2.10.510 and earlier allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

An untrusted search path remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the Trend Micro Secuity 2020 (v16.0.0.1146 and below) consumer family of products could allow an attacker to run arbitrary code on a vulnerable system. As the Trend Micro installer tries to load DLL files from its current directory, an arbitrary DLL could also be loaded with the same privileges as the installer if run as Administrator. User interaction is required to exploit the vulnerbaility in that the target must open a malicious directory or device.

A remote code execution vulnerability exists when Microsoft Office improperly validates input before loading dynamic link library (DLL) files, aka 'Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution Vulnerability'.

IBM iNotes 8.5 and 9.0 SUService can be misguided into running malicious code from a DLL masquerading as a windows DLL in the temp directory. IBM X-Force ID: 134532.

An untrusted search path vulnerability in testinitsigs.exe as used in Bitdefender Antivirus Free 2020 allows a low-privilege attacker to execute code as SYSTEM via a specially crafted DLL file.

An issue was discovered in Foxit Studio Photo before 3.6.6.922. It allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted DLL in the current working directory.

An issue was discovered in Foxit Studio Photo before 3.6.6.922. It allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted DLL in the current working directory when FoxitStudioPhoto366_3.6.6.916.exe is used.

An Untrusted Search Path vulnerability in Malwarebytes AdwCleaner 8.0.3 could cause arbitrary code execution with SYSTEM privileges when a malicious DLL library is loaded.

A malicious DLL preload attack possible on NwSapSetup and Installation self-extracting program for SAP Plant Connectivity 2.3 and 15.0. It is possible that SAPSetup / NwSapSetup.exe loads system DLLs like DWMAPI.dll (located in your Syswow64 / System32 folder) from the folder the executable is in and not from the system location. The desired behavior is that system dlls are only loaded from the system folders. If a dll with the same name as the system dll is located in the same folder as the executable, this dll is loaded and code is executed.

In Puppet Agent 1.10.x prior to 1.10.13, Puppet Agent 5.3.x prior to 5.3.7, Puppet Agent 5.5.x prior to 5.5.2, Facter on Windows is vulnerable to a DLL preloading attack, which could lead to a privilege escalation.

Unauthorized code execution from specific DLL and is known as DLL Hijacking attack in Kaspersky Password Manager versions before 8.0.6.538.

IBM Aspera Connect 3.9.9 could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system, caused by improper loading of Dynamic Link Libraries by the import feature. By persuading a victim to open a specially-crafted .DLL file, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on the system. IBM X-Force ID: 183190.

An issue was discovered in IDM UltraEdit through 24.10.0.32. To exploit the vulnerability, on unpatched Windows systems, an attacker could include in the same directory as the affected executable a DLL using the name of a Windows DLL. This DLL must be preloaded by the executable (for example, "ntmarta.dll"). When the installer EXE is executed by the user, the DLL located in the EXE's current directory will be loaded instead of the Windows DLL, allowing the attacker to run arbitrary code on the affected system.

Foxit PDF Compressor installers from versions from 7.0.0.183 to 7.7.2.10 contain a DLL preloading vulnerability, wherein it is possible for the installer to load a malicious DLL located in the current working directory of the installer.

Sandboxie installer 5071703 has a DLL Hijacking or Unsafe DLL Loading Vulnerability via a Trojan horse dwmapi.dll or profapi.dll file in an AppData\Local\Temp directory.

A service DLL preloading vulnerability in Trend Micro Encryption for Email versions 5.6 and below could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on a vulnerable system.

VIT Spider Player 2.5.3 has an untrusted search path, allowing DLL hijacking via a Trojan horse dwmapi.dll, olepro32.dll, dsound.dll, or AUDIOSES.dll file.

InternetSoft FTP Commander 8.02 and prior has an untrusted search path, allowing DLL hijacking via a Trojan horse dwmapi.dll file.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in Installer of Flets Easy Setup Tool Ver1.2.0 and earlier allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Uncontrolled search path in the installer for the Intel(R) Binary Configuration Tool for Windows, all versions, may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in Installers of ART EX Driver for ApeosPort-VI C7771/C6671/C5571/C4471/C3371/C2271, DocuCentre-VI C7771/C6671/C5571/C4471/C3371/C2271 (Timestamp of code signing is before 12 Apr 2017 02:04 UTC.), PostScript? Driver + Additional Feature Plug-in + PPD File for ApeosPort-VI C7771/C6671/C5571/C4471/C3371/C2271, DocuCentre-VI C7771/C6671/C5571/C4471/C3371/C2271 (Timestamp of code signing is before 12 Apr 2017 02:10 UTC.), XPS Print Driver for ApeosPort-VI C7771/C6671/C5571/C4471/C3371/C2271, DocuCentre-VI C7771/C6671/C5571/C4471/C3371/C2271 (Timestamp of code signing is before 3 Nov 2017 23:48 UTC.), ART EX Direct FAX Driver for ApeosPort-VI C7771/C6671/C5571/C4471/C3371/C2271, DocuCentre-VI C7771/C6671/C5571/C4471/C3371/C2271 (Timestamp of code signing is before 26 May 2017 07:44 UTC.), Setting Restore Tool for ApeosPort-VI C7771/C6671/C5571/C4471/C3371/C2271, DocuCentre-VI C7771/C6671/C5571/C4471/C3371/C2271 (Timestamp of code signing is before 25 Aug 2015 08:51 UTC.) allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Microsoft Office Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Untrusted search path vulnerability in The installer of e-Tax Software all versions allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Check Point Endpoint Security Initial Client for Windows before version E81.30 tries to load a DLL placed in any PATH location on a clean image without Endpoint Client installed. An attacker can leverage this to gain LPE using a specially crafted DLL placed in any PATH location accessible with write permissions to the user.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in WinSparkle versions prior to 0.5.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a specially crafted executable file in an unspecified directory.

A dynamic library loading issue existed in iTunes setup. This was addressed with improved path searching. This issue is fixed in macOS Catalina 10.15.1, iTunes for Windows 12.10.2. Running the iTunes installer in an untrusted directory may result in arbitrary code execution.

A CWE-426: Untrusted Search Path vulnerability exists in SoMachine HVAC v2.4.1 and earlier versions, which could cause arbitrary code execution on the system running SoMachine HVAC when a malicious DLL library is loaded by the product.

A maliciously crafted binary file when downloaded could lead to escalation of privileges to NT AUTHORITY/SYSTEM due to an untrusted search path being utilized in the Autodesk Installer application. Exploitation of this vulnerability may lead to code execution.

A potential vulnerability was reported in Lenovo System Interface Foundation versions before v1.1.18.3 that could allow an administrative user to load an unsigned DLL.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in Windows 7 allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in the installer of LHMelting (LHMelting for Win32 Ver 1.65.3.6 and earlier) allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in the installer of UNARJ32.DLL (UNARJ32.DLL for Win32 Ver 1.10.1.25 and earlier) allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in STAMP Workbench installer all versions allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in Electronic reception and examination of application for radio licenses Offline 1.0.9.0 and earlier allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in The installer of Microsoft Teams allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Multiple untrusted search path vulnerabilities in Putty beta 0.67 allow local users to execute arbitrary code and conduct DLL hijacking attacks via a Trojan horse (1) UxTheme.dll or (2) ntmarta.dll file in the current working directory.

The Rapid7 InsightAppSec broker suffers from a DLL injection vulnerability in the 'prunsrv.exe' component of the product. If exploited, a local user of the system (who must already be authenticated to the operating system) can elevate their privileges with this vulnerability to the privilege level of InsightAppSec (usually, SYSTEM). This issue affects version 2019.06.24 and prior versions of the product.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in the installer of UNLHA32.DLL (UNLHA32.DLL for Win32 Ver 2.67.1.2 and earlier) allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Untrusted search path in FileZilla before 3.41.0-rc1 allows an attacker to gain privileges via a malicious 'fzsftp' binary in the user's home directory.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in Installer of Electronic reception and examination of application for radio licenses Online 1.0.9.0 and earlier allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

A maliciously crafted binary file, when present while loading files in certain Autodesk applications, could lead to execution of arbitrary code in the context of the current process due to an untrusted search path being utilized.

A DLL search path vulnerability was reported in Lenovo Bootable Generator, prior to version Mar-2019, that could allow a malicious user with local access to execute code on the system.

Untrusted search path vulnerability in the HGFS (aka Shared Folders) feature in VMware Tools 10.0.5 in VMware ESXi 5.0 through 6.0, VMware Workstation Pro 12.1.x before 12.1.1, VMware Workstation Player 12.1.x before 12.1.1, and VMware Fusion 8.1.x before 8.1.1 allows local users to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in the current working directory.

IBM DB2 High Performance Unload load for LUW 6.1 and 6.5 could allow a local attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system, caused by an untrusted search path vulnerability. By using a executable file, an attacker could exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on the system. IBM X-Force ID: 168298.

Untrusted LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable vulnerability in the GNU C Library version 2.27 to 2.38 allows attacker controlled loading of dynamically shared library in statically compiled setuid binaries that call dlopen (including internal dlopen calls after setlocale or calls to NSS functions such as getaddrinfo).