In the Windows 10 April 2018 Update, Windows Defender SmartScreen honors the "SEE_MASK_FLAG_NO_UI" flag associated with downloaded files and will not show any UI. Files that are unknown and potentially dangerous will be allowed to run because SmartScreen will not prompt the user for a decision, and if the user is offline all files will be allowed to be opened because Windows won't prompt the user to ask what to do. Firefox incorrectly sets this flag when downloading files, leading to less secure behavior from SmartScreen. Note: this issue only affects Windows 10 users running the April 2018 update or later. It does not affect other Windows users or other operating systems. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 52.8, Thunderbird ESR < 52.8, Firefox < 60, and Firefox ESR < 52.8.

An issue existed in the method for determining prime numbers. This issue was addressed by using pseudorandom bases for testing of primes. This issue affected versions prior to iOS 12.1, macOS Mojave 10.14.1, tvOS 12.1, watchOS 5.1, iTunes 12.9.1, iCloud for Windows 7.8.

IBM Aspera Faspex 5.0.4 could allow a user to change other user's credentials due to improper access controls. IBM X-Force ID: 249847.

Internet Explorer 5.5 does not display the Class ID (CLSID) when it is at the end of the file name, which could allow attackers to trick the user into executing dangerous programs by making it appear that the document is of a safe file type.

PrestaShop 1.6.x before 1.6.1.23 and 1.7.x before 1.7.4.4 on Windows allows remote attackers to write to arbitrary image files.

A Trend Micro OfficeScan XG weak file permissions vulnerability on a particular folder for a particular group may allow an attacker to alter the files, which could lead to other exploits on vulnerable installations.

Microsoft ADFS 4.0 Windows Server 2016 and previous (Active Directory Federation Services) has an SSRF vulnerability via the txtBoxEmail parameter in /adfs/ls.

The Common Language Runtime (CLR) in Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 SP2, 3.5, 3.5.1, 4, and 4.5 does not properly check signatures, which allows remote attackers to make undetected changes to signed XML documents via unspecified vectors that preserve signature validity, aka "XML Digital Signature Spoofing Vulnerability."

The default configuration of Microsoft Windows 7 immediately prefers a new IPv6 and DHCPv6 service over a currently used IPv4 and DHCPv4 service upon receipt of an IPv6 Router Advertisement (RA), and does not provide an option to ignore an unexpected RA, which allows remote attackers to conduct man-in-the-middle attacks on communication with external IPv4 servers via vectors involving RAs, a DHCPv6 server, and NAT-PT on the local network, aka a "SLAAC Attack." NOTE: it can be argued that preferring IPv6 complies with RFC 3484, and that attempting to determine the legitimacy of an RA is currently outside the scope of recommended behavior of host operating systems

The DNS protocol, as implemented in (1) BIND 8 and 9 before 9.5.0-P1, 9.4.2-P1, and 9.3.5-P1; (2) Microsoft DNS in Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, and Server 2003 SP1 and SP2; and other implementations allow remote attackers to spoof DNS traffic via a birthday attack that uses in-bailiwick referrals to conduct cache poisoning against recursive resolvers, related to insufficient randomness of DNS transaction IDs and source ports, aka "DNS Insufficient Socket Entropy Vulnerability" or "the Kaminsky bug."

Improper Output Neutralization for Logs vulnerability in Tridium Niagara Framework on Windows, Linux, QNX, Tridium Niagara Enterprise Security on Windows, Linux, QNX allows Input Data Manipulation. This issue affects Niagara Framework: before 4.14.2, before 4.15.1, before 4.10.11; Niagara Enterprise Security: before 4.14.2, before 4.15.1, before 4.10.11. Tridium recommends upgrading to Niagara Framework and Enterprise Security versions 4.14.2u2, 4.15.u1, or 4.10u.11.

Due to unsanitized NUL values, attackers may be able to maliciously set environment variables on Windows. In syscall.StartProcess and os/exec.Cmd, invalid environment variable values containing NUL values are not properly checked for. A malicious environment variable value can exploit this behavior to set a value for a different environment variable. For example, the environment variable string "A=B\x00C=D" sets the variables "A=B" and "C=D".

Vidalia bundle before 0.1.2.18, when running on Windows and Mac OS X, installs Privoxy with a configuration file (config.txt or config) that contains insecure (1) enable-remote-toggle and (2) enable-edit-actions settings, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and modify configuration.

An issue was discovered in Suricata 5.0.0. It was possible to bypass/evade any tcp based signature by faking a closed TCP session using an evil server. After the TCP SYN packet, it is possible to inject a RST ACK and a FIN ACK packet with a bad TCP Timestamp option. The client will ignore the RST ACK and the FIN ACK packets because of the bad TCP Timestamp option. Both linux and windows client are ignoring the injected packets.

Azure RTOS USBX is a USB host, device, and on-the-go (OTG) embedded stack. In versions prior to 6.1.10, an attacker can cause a buffer overflow by providing the Azure RTOS USBX host stack a HUB descriptor with `bNbPorts` set to a value greater than `UX_MAX_TT` which defaults to 8. For a `bNbPorts` value of 255, the implementation of `ux_host_class_hub_descriptor_get` function will modify the contents of `hub` -> `ux_host_class_hub_device` -> `ux_device_hub_tt` array violating the end boundary by 255 - `UX_MAX_TT` items. The USB host stack needs to validate the number of ports reported by the hub, and if the value is larger than UX_MAX_TT, USB stack needs to reject the request. This fix has been included in USBX release 6.1.10.

The LLTD Mapper in Microsoft Windows Vista allows remote attackers to spoof hosts, and nonexistent bridge relationships, into the network topology map by using a MAC address that differs from the MAC address provided in the Real Source field of the LLTD BASE header of a HELLO packet, aka the "Spoof on Bridge" attack.

The LLTD Mapper in Microsoft Windows Vista does not verify that an IP address in a TLV type 0x07 field in a HELLO packet corresponds to a valid IP address for the local network, which allows remote attackers to trick users into communicating with an external host by sending a HELLO packet with the MW characteristic and a spoofed TLV type 0x07 field, aka the "Spoof and Management URL IP Redirect" attack.

Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 allows remote attackers to cause a security certificate from a secure web site to appear invalid via a link to res://ieframe.dll/invalidcert.htm with the target site as an argument, which displays the site's URL in the address bar but causes Internet Explorer to report that the certificate is invalid.

IBM Robotic Process Automation 21.0.1 and 21.0.2 is vulnerable to External Service Interaction attack, caused by improper validation of user-supplied input. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to induce the application to perform server-side DNS lookups or HTTP requests to arbitrary domain names. By submitting suitable payloads, an attacker can cause the application server to attack other systems that it can interact with. IBM X-Force ID: 224156.

Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Tampering Vulnerability

Internet Explorer 6 for Windows XP Service Pack 2 allows remote attackers to spoof the URL in the status bar via the title in an image in a link to a trusted site within a form to the malicious site.

A Trend Micro OfficeScan XG weak file permissions vulnerability may allow an attacker to potentially manipulate permissions on some key files to modify other files and folders on vulnerable installations.

Docker Desktop before 4.4.4 on Windows allows attackers to move arbitrary files.

Microsoft Windows 2000 before Update Rollup 1 for SP4, when the "audit directory service access" policy is enabled, does not record a 565 event message for File Delete Child operations on an Active Directory object in the security event log, which could allow attackers to conduct unauthorized activities without detection.

Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Spoofing Vulnerability

Microsoft Edge for iOS Spoofing Vulnerability

The MIDL_user_allocate function in the Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator (MSDTC) proxy (MSDTCPRX.DLL) allocates a 4K page of memory regardless of the required size, which allows attackers to overwrite arbitrary memory locations using an incorrect size value that is provided to the NdrAllocate function, which writes management data to memory outside of the allocated buffer.

The Web View DLL (webvw.dll), as used in Windows Explorer on Windows 2000 systems, does not properly filter an apostrophe ("'") in the author name in a document, which allows attackers to execute arbitrary script via extra attributes when Web View constructs a mailto: link for the preview pane when the user selects the file.

Internet Explorer 6.0 on Windows XP SP2 allows remote attackers to spoof the domain name of a URL in a titlebar for a script-initiated popup window, which could facilitate phishing attacks.

Directory traversal vulnerability in Sergey Lyubka Simple HTTPD (shttpd) 1.38 and earlier on Windows allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a ..\ (dot dot backslash) in the URI.

Microsoft Outlook 2003 and Outlook Web Access (OWA) 2003 do not properly display comma separated addresses in the From field in an e-mail message, which could allow remote attackers to spoof e-mail addresses.

The Microsoft Log Sink Class ActiveX control in pkmcore.dll is marked as "safe for scripting" for Internet Explorer, which allows remote attackers to create or append to arbitrary files.

Microsoft Outlook 2000 and 2003, when configured to use Microsoft Word 2000 or 2003 as the e-mail editor and when forwarding e-mail, does not properly handle an opening OBJECT tag that does not have a closing OBJECT tag, which causes Outlook to automatically download the URI in the data property of the OBJECT tag and might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.

Vidalia bundle before 0.1.2.18, when running on Windows, installs Privoxy with a configuration file (config.txt or config) that contains an insecure enable-remote-http-toggle setting, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and modify configuration.

Internet Explorer 6.0 in Windows XP SP2 allows remote attackers to bypass the Information Bar prompt for ActiveX and Javascript via an XHTML page that contains an Internet Explorer formatted comment between the DOCTYPE tag and the HTML tag, as demonstrated using the DesignScience MathPlayer ActiveX plugin.

Integer underflow in winhlp32.exe in Windows NT, Windows 2000 through SP4, Windows XP through SP2, and Windows 2003 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a malformed .hlp file, which leads to a heap-based buffer overflow.

Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 SP1 does not properly handle certain character strings in the Path attribute, which can cause it to modify cookies in other domains when the attacker's domain name is within the target's domain name or when wildcard DNS is being used, which allows remote attackers to hijack web sessions.

The DHTML Edit Control (dhtmled.ocx) allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script into other domains by setting a name for a window, opening a child page whose target is the window with the given name, then injecting the script from the parent into the child using execScript, as demonstrated by "AbusiveParent" in Internet Explorer 6.0.2900.2180.

Directory traversal vulnerability in Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.01, 5.5, and 6.0 allows remote malicious FTP servers to overwrite arbitrary files via .. (dot dot) sequences in filenames returned from a LIST command.

Windows LSA Spoofing Vulnerability

Internet Explorer 6.0 on Windows XP SP2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by using the "Related Topics" command in the Help ActiveX Control (hhctrl.ocx) to open a Help popup window containing the PCHealth tools.htm file in the local zone and injecting Javascript to be executed, as demonstrated using "writehta.txt" and the ADODB recordset, which saves a .HTA file to the local system, aka the "HTML Help ActiveX control Cross Domain Vulnerability."

Microsoft Outlook 2003 allows remote attackers to bypass the default zone restrictions and execute script within media files via a Rich Text Format (RTF) message containing an OLE object for the Windows Media Player, which bypasses Media Player's setting to disallow scripting and may lead to unprompted installation of an executable when exploited in conjunction with predictable-file-location exposures such as CVE-2004-0502.

Internet Explorer 6 on Double Byte Character Set (DBCS) systems allows remote attackers to alter displayed address bars and spoof web pages via a URL containing special characters, facilitating phishing attacks, aka the "Address Bar Spoofing on Double Byte Character Set Systems Vulnerability."

Internet Explorer in Windows XP SP2, and other versions including 5.01 and 5.5, allows remote attackers to install arbitrary programs via a web page that uses certain styles and the AnchorClick behavior, popup windows, and drag-and-drop capabilities to drop the program in the local startup folder, as demonstrated by "wottapoop.html".

Internet Explorer 6.x allows remote attackers to install arbitrary programs via mousedown events that call the Popup.show method and use drag-and-drop actions in a popup window, aka "HijackClick 3" and the "Script in Image Tag File Download Vulnerability."

Unknown versions of Internet Explorer and Outlook allow remote attackers to spoof a legitimate URL in the status bar via A HREF tags with modified "alt" values that point to the legitimate site, combined with an image map whose href points to the malicious site, which facilitates a "phishing" attack.

Internet Explorer 5.5 and 6 does not properly handle plug-in navigation, which allows remote attackers to alter displayed address bars and thereby spoof web pages, facilitating phishing attacks, aka the "Plug-in Navigation Address Bar Spoofing Vulnerability."

The Host() function in the Microsoft spreadsheet component on Microsoft Office XP allows remote attackers to create arbitrary files using the SaveAs capability.

The Compressed Folders feature in Microsoft Windows 98 with Plus! Pack, Windows Me, and Windows XP does not properly check the destination folder during the decompression of ZIP files, which allows attackers to place an executable file in a known location on a user's system, aka "Incorrect Target Path for Zipped File Decompression."

Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0 does not log requests that use the TRACK method, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information without detection.