Puma is a concurrent HTTP 1.1 server for Ruby/Rack applications. The fix for CVE-2019-16770 was incomplete. The original fix only protected existing connections that had already been accepted from having their requests starved by greedy persistent-connections saturating all threads in the same process. However, new connections may still be starved by greedy persistent-connections saturating all threads in all processes in the cluster. A `puma` server which received more concurrent `keep-alive` connections than the server had threads in its threadpool would service only a subset of connections, denying service to the unserved connections. This problem has been fixed in `puma` 4.3.8 and 5.3.1. Setting `queue_requests false` also fixes the issue. This is not advised when using `puma` without a reverse proxy, such as `nginx` or `apache`, because you will open yourself to slow client attacks (e.g. slowloris). The fix is very small and a git patch is available for those using unsupported versions of Puma.

Squid before 4.13 and 5.x before 5.0.4 allows a trusted peer to perform Denial of Service by consuming all available CPU cycles during handling of a crafted Cache Digest response message. This only occurs when cache_peer is used with the cache digests feature. The problem exists because peerDigestHandleReply() livelocking in peer_digest.cc mishandles EOF.

A local file inclusion flaw was found in the way the phpLDAPadmin before 0.9.8 processed certain values of the "Accept-Language" HTTP header. A remote attacker could use this flaw to cause a denial of service via specially-crafted request.

ARM mbed TLS before 2.1.11, before 2.7.2, and before 2.8.0 has a buffer over-read in ssl_parse_server_psk_hint() that could cause a crash on invalid input.

Polipo before 1.0.4.1 suffers from a DoD vulnerability via specially-crafted HTTP POST / PUT request.

The server in ISC DHCP 3.x and 4.x before 4.2.2, 3.1-ESV before 3.1-ESV-R3, and 4.1-ESV before 4.1-ESV-R3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon exit) via a crafted DHCP packet.

In Apache ActiveMQ 5.0.0 - 5.15.8, unmarshalling corrupt MQTT frame can lead to broker Out of Memory exception making it unresponsive.

The server in ISC DHCP 3.x and 4.x before 4.2.2, 3.1-ESV before 3.1-ESV-R3, and 4.1-ESV before 4.1-ESV-R3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon exit) via a crafted BOOTP packet.

nth-check is vulnerable to Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

ncmpc through 0.29 is prone to a NULL pointer dereference flaw. If a user uses the chat screen and another client sends a long chat message, a crash and denial of service could occur.

FFmpeg version (git commit de8e6e67e7523e48bb27ac224a0b446df05e1640) suffers from a an assertion failure at src/libavutil/mathematics.c.

Integer overflow in the EVP_EncodeUpdate function in crypto/evp/encode.c in OpenSSL before 1.0.1t and 1.0.2 before 1.0.2h allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap memory corruption) via a large amount of binary data.

ARM mbed TLS before 2.1.11, before 2.7.2, and before 2.8.0 has a buffer over-read in ssl_parse_server_key_exchange() that could cause a crash on invalid input.

The nfs_wait_on_request function in fs/nfs/pagelist.c in Linux kernel 2.6.x through 2.6.33-rc5 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (Oops) via unknown vectors related to truncating a file and an operation that is not interruptible.

The xmlStringGetNodeList function in tree.c in libxml2 2.9.3 and earlier, when used in recovery mode, allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite recursion, stack consumption, and application crash) via a crafted XML document.

drivers/net/e1000/e1000_main.c in the e1000 driver in the Linux kernel 2.6.32.3 and earlier handles Ethernet frames that exceed the MTU by processing certain trailing payload data as if it were a complete frame, which allows remote attackers to bypass packet filters via a large packet with a crafted payload. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incorrect fix for CVE-2009-1385.

An infinite loop in SMLLexer in Pygments versions 1.5 to 2.7.3 may lead to denial of service when performing syntax highlighting of a Standard ML (SML) source file, as demonstrated by input that only contains the "exception" keyword.

RPCoRDMA dissector crash in Wireshark 4.0.0 to 4.0.4 and 3.6.0 to 3.6.12 allows denial of service via packet injection or crafted capture file

A flaw was found in ImageMagick in versions before 7.0.11 and before 6.9.12, where a division by zero in WaveImage() of MagickCore/visual-effects.c may trigger undefined behavior via a crafted image file submitted to an application using ImageMagick. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to system availability.

drivers/net/r8169.c in the r8169 driver in the Linux kernel 2.6.32.3 and earlier does not properly check the size of an Ethernet frame that exceeds the MTU, which allows remote attackers to (1) cause a denial of service (temporary network outage) via a packet with a crafted size, in conjunction with certain packets containing A characters and certain packets containing E characters; or (2) cause a denial of service (system crash) via a packet with a crafted size, in conjunction with certain packets containing '\0' characters, related to the value of the status register and erroneous behavior associated with the RxMaxSize register. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incorrect fix for CVE-2009-1389.

Integer overflow in the DHCP client (udhcpc) in BusyBox before 1.25.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a malformed RFC1035-encoded domain name, which triggers an out-of-bounds heap write.

CServer::SendMsg in engine/server/server.cpp in Teeworlds 0.7.x before 0.7.5 allows remote attackers to shut down the server.

Multiple integer underflows in the x25_parse_facilities function in net/x25/x25_facilities.c in the Linux kernel before 2.6.36.2 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (system crash) via malformed X.25 (1) X25_FAC_CLASS_A, (2) X25_FAC_CLASS_B, (3) X25_FAC_CLASS_C, or (4) X25_FAC_CLASS_D facility data, a different vulnerability than CVE-2010-3873.

The Debian backport of the fix for CVE-2017-3137 leads to assertion failure in validator.c:1858; Affects Debian versions 9.9.5.dfsg-9+deb8u15; 9.9.5.dfsg-9+deb8u18; 9.10.3.dfsg.P4-12.3+deb9u5; 9.11.5.P4+dfsg-5.1 No ISC releases are affected. Other packages from other distributions who did similar backports for the fix for 2017-3137 may also be affected.

Use-after-free vulnerability in the abstract file-descriptor handling interface in the cupsdDoSelect function in scheduler/select.c in the scheduler in cupsd in CUPS 1.3.7 and 1.3.10 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash or hang) via a client disconnection during listing of a large number of print jobs, related to improperly maintaining a reference count. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.

The CSSParser::parseFontFaceSrc function in WebCore/css/CSSParser.cpp in WebKit, as used in Google Chrome before 8.0.552.224, Chrome OS before 8.0.552.343, webkitgtk before 1.2.6, and other products does not properly parse Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) token sequences, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted local font, related to "Type Confusion."

"deny-answer-aliases" is a little-used feature intended to help recursive server operators protect end users against DNS rebinding attacks, a potential method of circumventing the security model used by client browsers. However, a defect in this feature makes it easy, when the feature is in use, to experience an assertion failure in name.c. Affects BIND 9.7.0->9.8.8, 9.9.0->9.9.13, 9.10.0->9.10.8, 9.11.0->9.11.4, 9.12.0->9.12.2, 9.13.0->9.13.2.

An issue was discovered in the _asn1_decode_simple_ber function in decoding.c in GNU Libtasn1 before 4.13. Unlimited recursion in the BER decoder leads to stack exhaustion and DoS.

The Linux kernel, versions 3.9+, is vulnerable to a denial of service attack with low rates of specially modified packets targeting IP fragment re-assembly. An attacker may cause a denial of service condition by sending specially crafted IP fragments. Various vulnerabilities in IP fragmentation have been discovered and fixed over the years. The current vulnerability (CVE-2018-5391) became exploitable in the Linux kernel with the increase of the IP fragment reassembly queue size.

Multiple integer overflows in OpenSSL 1.0.1 before 1.0.1s and 1.0.2 before 1.0.2g allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap memory corruption or NULL pointer dereference) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a long digit string that is mishandled by the (1) BN_dec2bn or (2) BN_hex2bn function, related to crypto/bn/bn.h and crypto/bn/bn_print.c.

Linux kernel versions 4.9+ can be forced to make very expensive calls to tcp_collapse_ofo_queue() and tcp_prune_ofo_queue() for every incoming packet which can lead to a denial of service.

The search_make_new function in evdns.c in libevent before 2.1.6-beta allows attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via an empty hostname.

An error within the "parse_sinar_ia()" function (internal/dcraw_common.cpp) within LibRaw versions prior to 0.19.1 can be exploited to exhaust available CPU resources.

nltk is vulnerable to Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_set_pipapo: do not free live element Pablo reports a crash with large batches of elements with a back-to-back add/remove pattern. Quoting Pablo: add_elem("00000000") timeout 100 ms ... add_elem("0000000X") timeout 100 ms del_elem("0000000X") <---------------- delete one that was just added ... add_elem("00005000") timeout 100 ms 1) nft_pipapo_remove() removes element 0000000X Then, KASAN shows a splat. Looking at the remove function there is a chance that we will drop a rule that maps to a non-deactivated element. Removal happens in two steps, first we do a lookup for key k and return the to-be-removed element and mark it as inactive in the next generation. Then, in a second step, the element gets removed from the set/map. The _remove function does not work correctly if we have more than one element that share the same key. This can happen if we insert an element into a set when the set already holds an element with same key, but the element mapping to the existing key has timed out or is not active in the next generation. In such case its possible that removal will unmap the wrong element. If this happens, we will leak the non-deactivated element, it becomes unreachable. The element that got deactivated (and will be freed later) will remain reachable in the set data structure, this can result in a crash when such an element is retrieved during lookup (stale pointer). Add a check that the fully matching key does in fact map to the element that we have marked as inactive in the deactivation step. If not, we need to continue searching. Add a bug/warn trap at the end of the function as well, the remove function must not ever be called with an invisible/unreachable/non-existent element. v2: avoid uneeded temporary variable (Stefano)

Integer overflow in the phar_parse_pharfile function in ext/phar/phar.c in PHP before 5.6.30 and 7.0.x before 7.0.15 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption or application crash) via a truncated manifest entry in a PHAR archive.

OctoRPKI does not limit the depth of a certificate chain, allowing for a CA to create children in an ad-hoc fashion, thereby making tree traversal never end.

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Carefully crafted Range headers can cause a server to respond with an unexpectedly large response. Responding with such large responses could lead to a denial of service issue. Vulnerable applications will use the `Rack::File` middleware or the `Rack::Utils.byte_ranges` methods (this includes Rails applications). The vulnerability is fixed in 3.0.9.1 and 2.2.8.1.

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Carefully crafted headers can cause header parsing in Rack to take longer than expected resulting in a possible denial of service issue. Accept and Forwarded headers are impacted. Ruby 3.2 has mitigations for this problem, so Rack applications using Ruby 3.2 or newer are unaffected. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.0.9.4, 2.1.4.4, 2.2.8.1, and 3.0.9.1.

The ULE decapsulation functionality in drivers/media/dvb/dvb-core/dvb_net.c in dvb-core in Linux kernel 2.6.33 and earlier allows attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a crafted MPEG2-TS frame, related to an invalid Payload Pointer ULE.

The resolver in nginx before 1.8.1 and 1.9.x before 1.9.10 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid pointer dereference and worker process crash) via a crafted UDP DNS response.

Stack-based buffer overflow in the evutil_parse_sockaddr_port function in evutil.c in libevent before 2.1.6-beta allows attackers to cause a denial of service (segmentation fault) via vectors involving a long string in brackets in the ip_as_string argument.

mod_auth_openidc is an OpenID Certified™ authentication and authorization module for the Apache 2.x HTTP server that implements the OpenID Connect Relying Party functionality. In affected versions missing input validation on mod_auth_openidc_session_chunks cookie value makes the server vulnerable to a denial of service (DoS) attack. An internal security audit has been conducted and the reviewers found that if they manipulated the value of the mod_auth_openidc_session_chunks cookie to a very large integer, like 99999999, the server struggles with the request for a long time and finally gets back with a 500 error. Making a few requests of this kind caused our server to become unresponsive. Attackers can craft requests that would make the server work very hard (and possibly become unresponsive) and/or crash with minimal effort. This issue has been addressed in version 2.4.15.2. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

Denial of Service due to improper input validation vulnerability for HTTP/2 requests in Apache Tomcat. When processing an HTTP/2 request, if the request exceeded any of the configured limits for headers, the associated HTTP/2 stream was not reset until after all of the headers had been processed.This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M16, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.18, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.85, from 8.5.0 through 8.5.98. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M17, 10.1.19, 9.0.86 or 8.5.99 which fix the issue.

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Carefully crafted content type headers can cause Rack’s media type parser to take much longer than expected, leading to a possible denial of service vulnerability (ReDos 2nd degree polynomial). This vulnerability is patched in 3.0.9.1 and 2.2.8.1.

Vulnerability in the MySQL Server component of Oracle MySQL (subcomponent: Client programs). Supported versions that are affected are 5.5.59 and prior, 5.6.39 and prior and 5.7.21 and prior. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 5.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

add_password in pam_radius_auth.c in pam_radius 1.4.0 does not correctly check the length of the input password, and is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow during memcpy(). An attacker could send a crafted password to an application (loading the pam_radius library) and crash it. Arbitrary code execution might be possible, depending on the application, C library, compiler, and other factors.

object-path is vulnerable to Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')

A use-after-free exists in Python through 3.9 via heappushpop in heapq.