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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2023-44435

Summary
Assigner-zdi
Assigner Org ID-99f1926a-a320-47d8-bbb5-42feb611262e
Published At-03 May, 2024 | 02:14
Updated At-18 Sep, 2024 | 18:30
Rejected At-
Credits

Kofax Power PDF File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Kofax Power PDF File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22040.

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:zdi
Assigner Org ID:99f1926a-a320-47d8-bbb5-42feb611262e
Published At:03 May, 2024 | 02:14
Updated At:18 Sep, 2024 | 18:30
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)
Kofax Power PDF File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Kofax Power PDF File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22040.

Affected Products
Vendor
Tungsten Automation Corp.Kofax
Product
Power PDF
Default Status
unknown
Versions
Affected
  • 5.0.0.57 (5.0.0.10.0.23307)
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
CWECWE-416CWE-416: Use After Free
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-416
Description: CWE-416: Use After Free
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
3.07.8HIGH
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Version: 3.0
Base score: 7.8
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1607/
x_research-advisory
Hyperlink: https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1607/
Resource:
x_research-advisory
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
1. CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Vendor
Tungsten Automation Corp.kofax
Product
power_pdf
CPEs
  • cpe:2.3:a:kofax:power_pdf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Default Status
unknown
Versions
Affected
  • From 0 before 5.0.0.15 (custom)
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
2. CVE Program Container
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1607/
x_research-advisory
x_transferred
Hyperlink: https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1607/
Resource:
x_research-advisory
x_transferred
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:zdi-disclosures@trendmicro.com
Published At:03 May, 2024 | 03:15
Updated At:07 Aug, 2025 | 14:20

Kofax Power PDF File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22040.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Secondary3.07.8HIGH
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Type: Secondary
Version: 3.0
Base score: 7.8
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CPE Matches

Tungsten Automation Corp.
tungstenautomation
>>power_pdf>>Versions before 5.0.0.15(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:a:tungstenautomation:power_pdf:*:*:*:*:*:windows:*:*
Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
CWE-416Secondaryzdi-disclosures@trendmicro.com
CWE ID: CWE-416
Type: Secondary
Source: zdi-disclosures@trendmicro.com
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1607/zdi-disclosures@trendmicro.com
Third Party Advisory
https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1607/af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Third Party Advisory
Hyperlink: https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1607/
Source: zdi-disclosures@trendmicro.com
Resource:
Third Party Advisory
Hyperlink: https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1607/
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource:
Third Party Advisory

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
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CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
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Matching Score-4
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CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-3.06% / 86.22%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
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Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

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Use After Free
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
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CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
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||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
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CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-42040
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.60% / 80.98%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:12
Updated-19 May, 2025 | 14:26
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
PDF-XChange Editor mailForm Use-After-Free Code Execution Vulnerability

PDF-XChange Editor mailForm Use-After-Free Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the mailForm method. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20663.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-PDF-XChange Co Ltd.
Product-pdf-toolspdf-xchange_editorPDF-XChange Editorpdf-xchange_editor
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-42086
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.82% / 82.14%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:13
Updated-16 May, 2025 | 16:19
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of EMF files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22062.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-PDF-XChange Co Ltd.
Product-pdf-xchange_editorpdf-toolsPDF-XChange Editorpdf-toolspdf-xchange_editorpdf-xchange_pro
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2020-10900
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-3.06% / 86.22%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Apr, 2020 | 20:51
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 11:14
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit Reader 9.7.1.29511. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the processing of AcroForms. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-10142.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Microsoft CorporationFoxit Software Incorporated
Product-phantompdfreaderwindowsReader
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2020-10906
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-3.06% / 86.22%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Apr, 2020 | 20:51
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 11:14
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit Reader 9.7.1.29511. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the resetForm method. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-10614.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Microsoft CorporationFoxit Software Incorporated
Product-phantompdfreaderwindowsReader
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2020-10899
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-3.06% / 86.22%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Apr, 2020 | 20:50
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 11:14
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit Reader 9.7.1.29511. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the processing of XFA templates. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-10132.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Microsoft CorporationFoxit Software Incorporated
Product-phantompdfreaderwindowsReader
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-42059
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.82% / 82.14%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:12
Updated-16 May, 2025 | 16:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
PDF-XChange Editor U3D File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

PDF-XChange Editor U3D File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. . Was ZDI-CAN-20932.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-PDF-XChange Co Ltd.
Product-pdf-xchange_editorpdf-toolsPDF-XChange Editorpdf-xchange_editor
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-42094
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.44% / 79.95%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:13
Updated-02 Aug, 2024 | 19:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Foxit PDF Reader Annotation Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Foxit PDF Reader Annotation Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of Annotation objects. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21873.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Foxit Software Incorporated
Product-pdf_editorpdf_readerPDF Readerpdf_editor
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-42108
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.46% / 80.04%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:13
Updated-16 May, 2025 | 16:18
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of EMF files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22135.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-PDF-XChange Co Ltd.
Product-pdf-xchange_editorpdf-toolsPDF-XChange Editorpdf-xchange_editor
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2017-2360
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-3.24% / 86.61%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-20 Feb, 2017 | 08:35
Updated-20 Apr, 2025 | 01:37
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. iOS before 10.2.1 is affected. macOS before 10.12.3 is affected. tvOS before 10.1.1 is affected. watchOS before 3.1.3 is affected. The issue involves the "Kernel" component. It allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (use-after-free) via a crafted app.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-webkitgtkn/aApple Inc.
Product-tvoswebkitgtk\+iphone_oswatchosmac_os_xn/a
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-2532
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.03% / 6.38%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-25 Mar, 2025 | 14:17
Updated-27 Mar, 2025 | 16:45
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Luxion KeyShot USDC File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Luxion KeyShot USDC File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Luxion KeyShot. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of usdc files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-23709.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Luxion
Product-KeyShot
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2017-3035
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Adobe Systems Incorporated
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Adobe Systems Incorporated
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-2.52% / 84.82%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-12 Apr, 2017 | 14:00
Updated-20 Apr, 2025 | 01:37
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable use after free vulnerability in the XML Forms Architecture (XFA) engine. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aAdobe Inc.Apple Inc.Microsoft Corporation
Product-acrobatmac_os_xacrobat_dcreaderacrobat_reader_dcwindowsAdobe Acrobat Reader 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier.
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2017-2808
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Talos
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Talos
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.49% / 64.67%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-05 Sep, 2017 | 18:00
Updated-20 Apr, 2025 | 01:37
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

An exploitable use-after-free vulnerability exists in the account parsing component of the Ledger-CLI 3.1.1. A specially crafted ledger file can cause a use-after-free vulnerability resulting in arbitrary code execution. An attacker can convince a user to load a journal file to trigger this vulnerability.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-ledger-cliLedger
Product-ledgerLedger CLI
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-40491
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.22% / 44.81%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:11
Updated-27 May, 2025 | 16:24
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Maxon Cinema 4D SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Maxon Cinema 4D SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Maxon Cinema 4D. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of SKP files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21439.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-nemetschekMaxonmaxon
Product-cinema_4dCinema 4Dcinema_4d
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-40490
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.21% / 78.14%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-07 May, 2024 | 22:55
Updated-30 May, 2025 | 17:05
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Maxon Cinema 4D SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Maxon Cinema 4D SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Maxon Cinema 4D. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of SKP files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21438.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-nemetschekMaxonmaxon
Product-cinema_4dCinema 4Dcinema_4d
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2017-12448
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.63% / 69.33%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-04 Aug, 2017 | 15:00
Updated-20 Apr, 2025 | 01:37
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

The bfd_cache_close function in bfd/cache.c in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.29 and earlier, allows remote attackers to cause a heap use after free and possibly achieve code execution via a crafted nested archive file. This issue occurs because incorrect functions are called during an attempt to release memory. The issue can be addressed by better input validation in the bfd_generic_archive_p function in bfd/archive.c.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aGNU
Product-binutilsn/a
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2019-6763
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.61% / 68.75%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 Jun, 2019 | 18:15
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 20:31
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Foxit Reader 9.4.1.16828. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the ToggleFormsDesign method of the Foxit.FoxitReader.Ctl ActiveX object. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-7874.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Microsoft CorporationFoxit Software Incorporated
Product-phantompdfwindowsfoxit_readerReader
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-38107
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.34% / 79.23%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 01:59
Updated-12 Aug, 2025 | 18:20
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Foxit PDF Reader Annotation Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Foxit PDF Reader Annotation Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of Annotation objects. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21019.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.Foxit Software IncorporatedMicrosoft Corporation
Product-pdf_readermacospdf_editorwindowsPDF Readerpdf_editorpdf_editor_for_macpdf_reader_for_macpdf_reader
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-38112
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-2.58% / 85.00%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 01:59
Updated-12 Aug, 2025 | 18:58
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Foxit PDF Reader XFA Annotation Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Foxit PDF Reader XFA Annotation Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of Annotation objects. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21062.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.Foxit Software IncorporatedMicrosoft Corporation
Product-pdf_readermacospdf_editorwindowsPDF Readerpdf_reader
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-38114
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.34% / 79.23%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 01:59
Updated-12 Aug, 2025 | 16:46
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Foxit PDF Reader AcroForm Doc Object Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Foxit PDF Reader AcroForm Doc Object Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of Doc objects. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21085.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Foxit Software IncorporatedMicrosoft Corporation
Product-pdf_readerpdf_editorwindowsPDF Readerpdf_reader
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-38111
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.34% / 79.23%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 01:59
Updated-12 Aug, 2025 | 18:54
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Foxit PDF Reader Annotation Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Foxit PDF Reader Annotation Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of Annotation objects. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21025.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.Foxit Software IncorporatedMicrosoft Corporation
Product-pdf_readermacospdf_editorwindowsPDF Readerpdf_editorpdf_reader
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-2013
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.04% / 11.87%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Mar, 2025 | 20:42
Updated-15 Aug, 2025 | 20:37
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of CO files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25186.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Vellum Investment Partners, LLC
Product-cobaltCobalt
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2017-2472
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-5.39% / 89.74%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-02 Apr, 2017 | 01:36
Updated-20 Apr, 2025 | 01:37
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. iOS before 10.3 is affected. macOS before 10.12.4 is affected. tvOS before 10.2 is affected. watchOS before 3.2 is affected. The issue involves the "Kernel" component. It allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (use-after-free) via a crafted app.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aApple Inc.
Product-iphone_ostvoswatchosmac_os_xn/a
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2017-2957
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Adobe Systems Incorporated
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Adobe Systems Incorporated
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-3.02% / 86.10%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Jan, 2017 | 04:40
Updated-20 Apr, 2025 | 01:37
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable use after free vulnerability in the JavaScript engine, related to collaboration functionality. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aAdobe Inc.Apple Inc.Microsoft Corporation
Product-acrobatmac_os_xacrobat_dcreaderacrobat_reader_dcwindowsAdobe Acrobat Reader 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier.
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2017-2955
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Adobe Systems Incorporated
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Adobe Systems Incorporated
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-10.13% / 92.81%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Jan, 2017 | 04:40
Updated-20 Apr, 2025 | 01:37
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable use after free vulnerability in the JavaScript engine. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aAdobe Inc.Apple Inc.Microsoft Corporation
Product-acrobatmac_os_xacrobat_dcreaderacrobat_reader_dcwindowsAdobe Acrobat Reader 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier.
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-0899
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.10% / 28.49%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Feb, 2025 | 19:22
Updated-12 Feb, 2025 | 20:11
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
PDF-XChange Editor AcroForm Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

PDF-XChange Editor AcroForm Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of AcroForms. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25349.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-PDF-XChange Co Ltd.
Product-pdf-xchange_editorPDF-XChange Editor
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-4750
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Protect AI (formerly huntr.dev)
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Protect AI (formerly huntr.dev)
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.04% / 8.73%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-04 Sep, 2023 | 13:47
Updated-13 Feb, 2025 | 17:18
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Use After Free in vim/vim

Use After Free in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.1857.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Fedora ProjectVimApple Inc.
Product-fedoramacosvimvim/vim
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2024-9725
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.08% / 24.01%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Nov, 2024 | 20:51
Updated-19 Dec, 2024 | 19:12
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Trimble SketchUp Viewer SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Trimble SketchUp Viewer SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Trimble SketchUp Viewer. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of SKP files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24109.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Trimble Inc.
Product-sketchup_viewerSketchUp Viewersketchup_viewer
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2024-9719
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.08% / 24.01%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Nov, 2024 | 20:51
Updated-19 Dec, 2024 | 19:13
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Trimble SketchUp Viewer SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Trimble SketchUp Viewer SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Trimble SketchUp Viewer. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of SKP files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24103.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Trimble Inc.
Product-sketchup_viewerSketchUp Viewersketchup_viewer
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2023-32134
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.82% / 73.36%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 01:56
Updated-03 Jan, 2025 | 20:32
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Sante DICOM Viewer Pro DCM File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Sante DICOM Viewer Pro DCM File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Sante DICOM Viewer Pro. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of DCM images. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-15629.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Santesoft LTD
Product-dicom_editordicom_viewer_proDICOM Viewer Prodicom_viewer_pro
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2024-9723
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.08% / 24.01%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Nov, 2024 | 20:51
Updated-19 Dec, 2024 | 19:13
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Trimble SketchUp Viewer SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Trimble SketchUp Viewer SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Trimble SketchUp Viewer. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of SKP files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24107.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Trimble Inc.
Product-sketchup_viewerSketchUp Viewersketchup_viewer
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2024-9724
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.08% / 24.01%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Nov, 2024 | 20:51
Updated-19 Dec, 2024 | 19:13
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Trimble SketchUp Viewer SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Trimble SketchUp Viewer SKP File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Trimble SketchUp Viewer. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of SKP files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24108.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Trimble Inc.
Product-sketchup_viewerSketchUp Viewersketchup_viewer
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
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