Password reset tokens are generated using an insecure source of randomness. Attackers who know the username of the Journyx installation user can bruteforce the password reset and change the administrator password.

Vulnerability in SonicWall SMA100 NetExtender Windows (32 and 64-bit) client 10.2.339 and earlier versions allows an attacker to arbitrary code execution when processing an EPC Client update.

Studio in Open edX Ironwood 2.5, when CodeJail is not used, allows a user to go to the "Create New course>New section>New subsection>New unit>Add new component>Problem button>Advanced tab>Custom Python evaluated code" screen, edit the problem, and execute Python code. This leads to arbitrary code execution.

OpenMetadata is a unified platform for discovery, observability, and governance powered by a central metadata repository, in-depth lineage, and seamless team collaboration. `CompiledRule::validateExpression` is also called from `PolicyRepository.prepare`. `prepare()` is called from `EntityRepository.prepareInternal()` which, in turn, gets called from `EntityResource.createOrUpdate()`. Note that even though there is an authorization check (`authorizer.authorize()`), it gets called after `prepareInternal()` gets called and therefore after the SpEL expression has been evaluated. In order to reach this method, an attacker can send a PUT request to `/api/v1/policies` which gets handled by `PolicyResource.createOrUpdate()`. This vulnerability was discovered with the help of CodeQL's Expression language injection (Spring) query and is also tracked as `GHSL-2023-252`. This issue may lead to Remote Code Execution and has been addressed in version 1.3.1. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

OpenMetadata is a unified platform for discovery, observability, and governance powered by a central metadata repository, in-depth lineage, and seamless team collaboration. Similarly to the GHSL-2023-250 issue, `AlertUtil::validateExpression` is also called from `EventSubscriptionRepository.prepare()`, which can lead to Remote Code Execution. `prepare()` is called from `EntityRepository.prepareInternal()` which, in turn, gets called from `EntityResource.createOrUpdate()`. Note that, even though there is an authorization check (`authorizer.authorize()`), it gets called after `prepareInternal()` gets called and, therefore, after the SpEL expression has been evaluated. In order to reach this method, an attacker can send a PUT request to `/api/v1/events/subscriptions` which gets handled by `EventSubscriptionResource.createOrUpdateEventSubscription()`. This vulnerability was discovered with the help of CodeQL's Expression language injection (Spring) query. This issue may lead to Remote Code Execution and has been addressed in version 1.2.4. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. This issue is also tracked as `GHSL-2023-251`.

OpenMetadata is a unified platform for discovery, observability, and governance powered by a central metadata repository, in-depth lineage, and seamless team collaboration. The `‎CompiledRule::validateExpression` method evaluates an SpEL expression using an `StandardEvaluationContext`, allowing the expression to reach and interact with Java classes such as `java.lang.Runtime`, leading to Remote Code Execution. The `/api/v1/policies/validation/condition/<expression>` endpoint passes user-controlled data `CompiledRule::validateExpession` allowing authenticated (non-admin) users to execute arbitrary system commands on the underlaying operating system. In addition, there is a missing authorization check since `Authorizer.authorize()` is never called in the affected path and therefore any authenticated non-admin user is able to trigger this endpoint and evaluate arbitrary SpEL expressions leading to arbitrary command execution. This vulnerability was discovered with the help of CodeQL's Expression language injection (Spring) query and is also tracked as `GHSL-2023-236`. This issue may lead to Remote Code Execution and has been resolved in version 1.2.4. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

Grav is an open-source, flat-file content management system. Prior to version 1.7.45, Grav validates accessible functions through the Utils::isDangerousFunction function, but does not impose restrictions on twig functions like twig_array_map, allowing attackers to bypass the validation and execute arbitrary commands. Twig processing of static pages can be enabled in the front matter by any administrative user allowed to create or edit pages. As the Twig processor runs unsandboxed, this behavior can be used to gain arbitrary code execution and elevate privileges on the instance. Upgrading to patched version 1.7.45 can mitigate this issue.

Grav is an open-source, flat-file content management system. Prior to version 1.7.45, due to the unrestricted access to twig extension class from Grav context, an attacker can redefine config variable. As a result, attacker can bypass a previous SSTI mitigation. Twig processing of static pages can be enabled in the front matter by any administrative user allowed to create or edit pages. As the Twig processor runs unsandboxed, this behavior can be used to gain arbitrary code execution and elevate privileges on the instance. Version 1.7.45 contains a fix for this issue.

Grav is an open-source, flat-file content management system. Grav CMS prior to version 1.7.45 is vulnerable to a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI), which allows any authenticated user (editor permissions are sufficient) to execute arbitrary code on the remote server bypassing the existing security sandbox. Version 1.7.45 contains a patch for this issue.

Grav is an open-source, flat-file content management system. Prior to version 1.7.45, due to the unrestricted access to twig extension class from grav context, an attacker can redefine the escape function and execute arbitrary commands. Twig processing of static pages can be enabled in the front matter by any administrative user allowed to create or edit pages. As the Twig processor runs unsandboxed, this behavior can be used to gain arbitrary code execution and elevate privileges on the instance. Version 1.7.45 contains a patch for this issue.

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in InstaWP InstaWP Connect instawp-connect.This issue affects InstaWP Connect: from n/a through <= 0.1.0.8.

A flaw was found in Moodle. An attacker with access to the restore interface could trigger server-side execution of arbitrary code. This is due to insufficient validation of restore input, which leads to unintended interpretation by core restore routines. Successful exploitation could result in a full compromise of the Moodle application.

An issue was discovered in Lantronix EDS5000 2.1.0.0R3. An authenticated attacker can inject OS commands into the "name" parameter when deleting SSL credentials through the management interface. Injected commands are executed with root privileges.

MetaGPT through 0.6.4 allows the QaEngineer role to execute arbitrary code because RunCode.run_script() passes shell metacharacters to subprocess.Popen.

ClickUp Desktop before 3.3.77 on macOS and Windows allows code injection because of specific Electron Fuses. There is inadequate protection against code injection through settings such as RunAsNode.

An SSTI (Server-Side Template Injection) vulnerability exists in the get_address_display method of Frappe ERPNext through 15.89.0. This function renders address templates using frappe.render_template() with a context derived from the address_dict parameter, which can be either a dictionary or a string referencing an Address document. Although ERPNext uses a custom Jinja2 SandboxedEnvironment, dangerous functions like frappe.db.sql remain accessible via get_safe_globals(). An authenticated attacker with permission to create or modify an Address Template can inject arbitrary Jinja expressions into the template field. By creating an Address document with a matching country, and then calling the get_address_display API with address_dict="address_name", the system will render the malicious template using attacker-controlled data. This leads to server-side code execution or database information disclosure.

An SSTI (Server-Side Template Injection) vulnerability exists in the get_dunning_letter_text method of Frappe ERPNext through 15.89.0. The function renders attacker-controlled Jinja2 templates (body_text) using frappe.render_template() with a user-supplied context (doc). Although Frappe uses a custom SandboxedEnvironment, several dangerous globals such as frappe.db.sql are still available in the execution context via get_safe_globals(). An authenticated attacker with access to configure Dunning Type and its child table Dunning Letter Text can inject arbitrary Jinja expressions, resulting in server-side code execution within a restricted but still unsafe context. This can leak database information.

A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability exists in the Frappe ERPNext through 15.89.0 Print Format rendering mechanism. Specifically, the API frappe.www.printview.get_html_and_style() triggers the rendering of the html field inside a Print Format document using frappe.render_template(template, doc) via the get_rendered_template() call chain. Although ERPNext wraps Jinja2 in a SandboxedEnvironment, it exposes sensitive functions such as frappe.db.sql through get_safe_globals(). An authenticated attacker with permission to create or modify a Print Format can inject arbitrary Jinja expressions into the html field. Once the malicious Print Format is saved, the attacker can call get_html_and_style() with a target document (e.g., Supplier or Sales Invoice) to trigger the render process. This leads to information disclosure from the database, such as database version, schema details, or sensitive values, depending on the injected payload. Exploitation flow: Create a Print Format with SSTI payload in the html field; call the get_html_and_style() API; triggers frappe.render_template(template, doc) inside get_rendered_template(); leaks database information via frappe.db.sql or other exposed globals.

Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 1.8.0-beta.27, Grav CMS is vulnerable to a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) that allows any authenticated user with editor permissions to execute arbitrary code on the remote server, bypassing the existing security sandbox. Since the security sandbox does not fully protect the Twig object, it is possible to interact with it (e.g., call methods, read/write attributes) through maliciously crafted Twig template directives injected into a web page. This allows an authenticated editor to add arbitrary functions to the Twig attribute system.twig.safe_filters, effectively bypassing the Grav CMS sandbox. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.0-beta.27.

XWiki Rendering is a generic rendering system that converts textual input in a given syntax (wiki syntax, HTML, etc) into another syntax (XHTML, etc). Versions 16.10.9 and below, 17.0.0-rc-1 through 17.4.2 and 17.5.0-rc-1 through 17.5.0 have insufficient protection against {{/html}} injection, which attackers can exploit through RCE. Any user who can edit their own profile or any other document can execute arbitrary script macros, including Groovy and Python macros, which enable remote code execution as well as unrestricted read and write access to all wiki contents. This issue is fixed in versions 16.10.10, 17.4.3 and 17.6.0-rc-1.

OrangeHRM is a comprehensive human resource management (HRM) system. From version 5.0 to 5.7, the application contains an input-neutralization flaw in its mail configuration and delivery workflow that allows user-controlled values to flow directly into the system’s sendmail command. Because these values are not sanitized or constrained before being incorporated into the command execution path, certain sendmail behaviors can be unintentionally invoked during email processing. This makes it possible for the application to write files on the server as part of the mail-handling routine, and in deployments where those files end up in web-accessible locations, the behavior can be leveraged to achieve execution of attacker-controlled content. The issue stems entirely from constructing OS-level command strings using unsanitized input within the mail-sending logic. This issue has been patched in version 5.8.

Client-side template injection (CSTI) in Azuriom CMS admin dashboard allows a low-privilege user to execute arbitrary template code in the context of an administrator's session. This can occur via plugins or dashboard components that render untrusted user input, potentially enabling privilege escalation to an administrative account. Fixed in Azuriom 1.2.7.

Smarty is a template engine for PHP, facilitating the separation of presentation (HTML/CSS) from application logic. Prior to versions 3.1.45 and 4.1.1, template authors could inject php code by choosing a malicious {block} name or {include} file name. Sites that cannot fully trust template authors should upgrade to versions 3.1.45 or 4.1.1 to receive a patch for this issue. There are currently no known workarounds.

Vinchin Backup & Recovery v7.2 was discovered to contain an authenticated remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability via the syncNtpTime function.

This High severity RCE (Remote Code Execution) vulnerability was introduced in version 5.2 of Confluence Data Center and Server. This RCE (Remote Code Execution) vulnerability, with a CVSS Score of 7.2, allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code which has high impact to confidentiality, high impact to integrity, high impact to availability, and requires no user interaction.  Atlassian recommends that Confluence Data Center and Server customers upgrade to latest version. If you are unable to do so, upgrade your instance to one of the specified supported fixed versions. See the release notes https://confluence.atlassian.com/doc/confluence-release-notes-327.html You can download the latest version of Confluence Data Center and Server from the download center https://www.atlassian.com/software/confluence/download-archives. This vulnerability was found internally.

This High severity Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was introduced in versions 7.13.0 of Confluence Data Center and Server. Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability, with a CVSS Score of 8.0 and a CVSS Vector of CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H allows an authenticated attacker to expose assets in your environment susceptible to exploitation which has high impact to confidentiality, high impact to integrity, high impact to availability, and does not require user interaction. Atlassian recommends that Confluence Data Center and Server customers upgrade to latest version, if you are unable to do so, upgrade your instance to one of the specified supported fixed versions: * Confluence Data Center and Server 7.19: Upgrade to a release 7.19.18, or any higher 7.19.x release * Confluence Data Center and Server 8.5: Upgrade to a release 8.5.5 or any higher 8.5.x release * Confluence Data Center and Server 8.7: Upgrade to a release 8.7.2 or any higher release See the release notes (https://confluence.atlassian.com/doc/confluence-release-notes-327.html ). You can download the latest version of Confluence Data Center and Server from the download center (https://www.atlassian.com/software/confluence/download-archives ).

An issue discovered in iSpyConnect.com Agent DVR 5.1.6.0 allows attackers to run arbitrary files by restoring a crafted backup file.

Cursor is a code editor built for programming with AI. In versions 1.7.44 and below, various NTFS path quirks allow a prompt injection attacker to circumvent sensitive file protections and overwrite files which Cursor requires human approval to overwrite. Modification of some of the protected files can lead to RCE. Must be chained with a prompt injection or malicious model attach. Only affects systems supporting NTFS. This issue is fixed in version 2.0.

Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

The vantage6 technology enables to manage and deploy privacy enhancing technologies like Federated Learning (FL) and Multi-Party Computation (MPC). Prior to 4.2.0, authenticated users could inject code into algorithm environment variables, resulting in remote code execution. This vulnerability is patched in 4.2.0.

Versions of the package lilconfig from 3.1.0 and before 3.1.1 are vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Execution due to the insecure usage of eval in the dynamicImport function. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by passing a malicious input through the defaultLoaders function.

IdentityModel Extensions for .NET provide assemblies for web developers that wish to use federated identity providers for establishing the caller's identity. Anyone leveraging the `SignedHttpRequest`protocol or the `SignedHttpRequestValidator`is vulnerable. Microsoft.IdentityModel trusts the `jku`claim by default for the `SignedHttpRequest`protocol. This raises the possibility to make any remote or local `HTTP GET` request. The vulnerability has been fixed in Microsoft.IdentityModel.Protocols.SignedHttpRequest. Users should update all their Microsoft.IdentityModel versions to 7.1.2 (for 7x) or higher, 6.34.0 (for 6x) or higher.

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') in GitHub repository hestiacp/hestiacp prior to 1.6.6.

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in ZhiCms 4.0. Affected is the function index of the file app/manage/controller/setcontroller.php. The manipulation of the argument sitename leads to code injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-255270 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.

October CMS is a self-hosted content management system (CMS) platform based on the Laravel PHP Framework. Prior to versions 1.0.473 and 1.1.6, an attacker with "create, modify and delete website pages" privileges in the backend is able to execute PHP code by running specially crafted Twig code in the template markup. The issue has been patched in Build 473 (v1.0.473) and v1.1.6. Those unable to upgrade may apply the patch to their installation manually as a workaround.

PHP Everywhere <= 2.0.3 included functionality that allowed execution of PHP Code Snippets via a WordPress gutenberg block by any user able to edit posts.

PHP Everywhere <= 2.0.3 included functionality that allowed execution of PHP Code Snippets via WordPress shortcodes, which can be used by any authenticated user.

Ballcat Codegen provides the function of online editing code to generate templates. In versions prior to 1.0.0.beta.2, attackers can implement remote code execution through malicious code injection of the template engine. This happens because Velocity and freemarker templates are introduced but input verification is not done. The fault is rectified in version 1.0.0.beta.2.

Combodo iTop is a web based IT Service Management tool. In versions prior to 2.7.6 and 3.0.0, users of the iTop user portal can send TWIG code to the server by forging specific http queries, and execute arbitrary code on the server using http server user privileges. This issue is fixed in versions 2.7.6 and 3.0.0. There are currently no known workarounds.

An issue was discovered in report_edit.jsp in Determine (formerly Selectica) Contract Lifecycle Management (CLM) v5.4. Any authenticated user may execute Groovy code when generating a report, resulting in arbitrary code execution on the underlying server.

The The Global Gallery - WordPress Responsive Gallery plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 9.1.5. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to execute arbitrary shortcodes.

An issue in BusinessNext CRMnext v.10.8.3.0 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the comments input parameter.

SugarCRM before 8.0.4 and 9.x before 9.0.2 allows PHP code injection in the MergeRecords module by a Regular user.

SugarCRM before 8.0.4 and 9.x before 9.0.2 allows PHP code injection in the ModuleBuilder module by a Developer user.

SugarCRM before 8.0.4 and 9.x before 9.0.2 allows PHP code injection in the MergeRecords module by a Developer user.

SugarCRM before 8.0.4 and 9.x before 9.0.2 allows PHP code injection in the Emails module by a Regular user.

Versions of the package eta before 2.0.0 are vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE) by overwriting template engine configuration variables with view options received from The Express render API. **Note:** This is exploitable only for users who are rendering templates with user-defined data.

TYPO3 is an open source PHP based web content management system. Versions prior to 8.7.49, 9.5.38, 10.4.33, 11.5.20, and 12.1.1 are vulnerable to Code Injection. Due to the lack of separating user-submitted data from the internal configuration in the Form Designer backend module, it is possible to inject code instructions to be processed and executed via TypoScript as PHP code. The existence of individual TypoScript instructions for a particular form item and a valid backend user account with access to the form module are needed to exploit this vulnerability. This issue is patched in versions 8.7.49 ELTS, 9.5.38 ELTS, 10.4.33, 11.5.20, 12.1.1.

The Xpro Elementor Addons - Pro plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in all versions up to, and including, 1.4.9 via the custom PHP widget. This is due to their only being client side controls when determining who can access the widget. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to execute code on the server.

A code injection vulnerability exists in one of the webpages in GE Reason RT430, RT431 & RT434 GNSS clocks in firmware versions prior to version 08A06 that could allow an authenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system.