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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2025-31208

Summary
Assigner-apple
Assigner Org ID-286789f9-fbc2-4510-9f9a-43facdede74c
Published At-12 May, 2025 | 21:42
Updated At-13 May, 2025 | 19:36
Rejected At-
Credits

The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in watchOS 11.5, macOS Sonoma 14.7.6, tvOS 18.5, iPadOS 17.7.7, iOS 18.5 and iPadOS 18.5, macOS Sequoia 15.5, visionOS 2.5, macOS Ventura 13.7.6. Parsing a file may lead to an unexpected app termination.

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:apple
Assigner Org ID:286789f9-fbc2-4510-9f9a-43facdede74c
Published At:12 May, 2025 | 21:42
Updated At:13 May, 2025 | 19:36
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)

The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in watchOS 11.5, macOS Sonoma 14.7.6, tvOS 18.5, iPadOS 17.7.7, iOS 18.5 and iPadOS 18.5, macOS Sequoia 15.5, visionOS 2.5, macOS Ventura 13.7.6. Parsing a file may lead to an unexpected app termination.

Affected Products
Vendor
Apple Inc.Apple
Product
tvOS
Versions
Affected
  • From unspecified before 18.5 (custom)
Vendor
Apple Inc.Apple
Product
macOS
Versions
Affected
  • From unspecified before 15.5 (custom)
Vendor
Apple Inc.Apple
Product
iPadOS
Versions
Affected
  • From unspecified before 17.7 (custom)
Vendor
Apple Inc.Apple
Product
iOS and iPadOS
Versions
Affected
  • From unspecified before 18.5 (custom)
Vendor
Apple Inc.Apple
Product
macOS
Versions
Affected
  • From unspecified before 14.7 (custom)
Vendor
Apple Inc.Apple
Product
visionOS
Versions
Affected
  • From unspecified before 2.5 (custom)
Vendor
Apple Inc.Apple
Product
watchOS
Versions
Affected
  • From unspecified before 11.5 (custom)
Vendor
Apple Inc.Apple
Product
macOS
Versions
Affected
  • From unspecified before 13.7 (custom)
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
N/AN/AParsing a file may lead to an unexpected app termination
Type: N/A
CWE ID: N/A
Description: Parsing a file may lead to an unexpected app termination
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122720
N/A
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122716
N/A
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122405
N/A
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122404
N/A
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122717
N/A
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122721
N/A
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122722
N/A
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122718
N/A
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122720
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122716
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122405
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122404
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122717
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122721
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122722
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122718
Resource: N/A
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
CWECWE-20CWE-20 Improper Input Validation
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-20
Description: CWE-20 Improper Input Validation
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
3.17.5HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Version: 3.1
Base score: 7.5
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:product-security@apple.com
Published At:12 May, 2025 | 22:15
Updated At:27 May, 2025 | 13:56

The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in watchOS 11.5, macOS Sonoma 14.7.6, tvOS 18.5, iPadOS 17.7.7, iOS 18.5 and iPadOS 18.5, macOS Sequoia 15.5, visionOS 2.5, macOS Ventura 13.7.6. Parsing a file may lead to an unexpected app termination.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Secondary3.17.5HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Type: Secondary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 7.5
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CPE Matches

Apple Inc.
apple
>>ipados>>Versions before 17.7.7(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Apple Inc.
apple
>>ipados>>Versions from 18.0(inclusive) to 18.5(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Apple Inc.
apple
>>iphone_os>>Versions before 18.5(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Apple Inc.
apple
>>macos>>Versions before 13.7.6(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Apple Inc.
apple
>>macos>>Versions from 14.0(inclusive) to 14.7.6(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Apple Inc.
apple
>>macos>>Versions from 15.0(inclusive) to 15.5(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Apple Inc.
apple
>>tvos>>Versions before 18.5(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:apple:tvos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Apple Inc.
apple
>>visionos>>Versions before 2.5(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Apple Inc.
apple
>>watchos>>Versions before 11.5(exclusive)
cpe:2.3:o:apple:watchos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
CWE-20Secondary134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
CWE ID: CWE-20
Type: Secondary
Source: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122404product-security@apple.com
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122405product-security@apple.com
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122716product-security@apple.com
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122717product-security@apple.com
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122718product-security@apple.com
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122720product-security@apple.com
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122721product-security@apple.com
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
https://support.apple.com/en-us/122722product-security@apple.com
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122404
Source: product-security@apple.com
Resource:
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122405
Source: product-security@apple.com
Resource:
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122716
Source: product-security@apple.com
Resource:
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122717
Source: product-security@apple.com
Resource:
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122718
Source: product-security@apple.com
Resource:
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122720
Source: product-security@apple.com
Resource:
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122721
Source: product-security@apple.com
Resource:
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: https://support.apple.com/en-us/122722
Source: product-security@apple.com
Resource:
Release Notes
Vendor Advisory

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
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Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
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||
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Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 10:43
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A denial of service issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.5 and iPadOS 13.5, macOS Catalina 10.15.5, tvOS 13.4.5, watchOS 6.2.5. A remote attacker may be able to cause a denial of service.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-iphone_oswatchostvosipadosmac_os_xtvOSmacOSwatchOSiOS
CVE-2020-9917
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.60% / 68.43%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-16 Oct, 2020 | 16:48
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 10:43
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.6 and iPadOS 13.6. A remote attacker may be able to cause a denial of service.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-iphone_osipadosiOS
CVE-2020-9869
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.92% / 74.94%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Oct, 2020 | 17:54
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 10:43
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Catalina 10.15.6. A remote attacker may cause an unexpected application termination.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-mac_os_xmacOS
CWE ID-CWE-787
Out-of-bounds Write
CVE-2020-9991
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-2.14% / 83.49%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-08 Dec, 2020 | 21:11
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 10:50
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.0.1, watchOS 7.0, iOS 14.0 and iPadOS 14.0, iCloud for Windows 7.21, tvOS 14.0. A remote attacker may be able to cause a denial of service.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-iphone_oswatchosipadostvosmac_os_xicloudwatchOSiCloud for WindowsmacOStvOSiOS and iPadOS
CVE-2022-38166
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.23% / 45.77%
||
7 Day CHG+0.05%
Published-25 Nov, 2022 | 00:00
Updated-29 Apr, 2025 | 15:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

In F-Secure Endpoint Protection for Windows and macOS before channel with Capricorn database 2022-11-22_07, the aerdl.dll unpacker handler crashes. This can lead to a scanning engine crash, triggerable remotely by an attacker for denial of service.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aF-Secure CorporationMicrosoft CorporationApple Inc.
Product-elements_endpoint_protectionmacoswindowsn/a
CWE ID-CWE-248
Uncaught Exception
CVE-2020-9905
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-1.00% / 76.05%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Oct, 2020 | 18:04
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 10:43
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.6 and iPadOS 13.6, macOS Catalina 10.15.6, tvOS 13.4.8. A remote attacker may be able to cause a denial of service.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-iphone_ostvosmac_os_xipadostvOSmacOSiOS
CWE ID-CWE-120
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
CVE-2012-5366
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.94% / 75.29%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-20 Feb, 2020 | 14:14
Updated-06 Aug, 2024 | 21:05
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

The IPv6 implementation in Apple Mac OS X (unknown versions, year 2012 and earlier) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a flood of ICMPv6 Router Advertisement packets containing multiple Routing entries.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aApple Inc.
Product-mac_os_xn/a
CWE ID-CWE-400
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVE-2020-9924
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.60% / 68.43%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Oct, 2020 | 18:05
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 10:43
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A logic issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Catalina 10.15.6. A remote attacker may be able to cause a denial of service.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-mac_os_xmacOS
CVE-2020-8285
Matching Score-8
Assigner-HackerOne
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-HackerOne
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.46% / 63.16%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-14 Dec, 2020 | 19:39
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 09:56
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

curl 7.21.0 to and including 7.73.0 is vulnerable to uncontrolled recursion due to a stack overflow issue in FTP wildcard match parsing.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aDebian GNU/LinuxOracle CorporationSplunk LLC (Cisco Systems, Inc.)Apple Inc.NetApp, Inc.Fedora ProjectCURLSiemens AGFujitsu Limited
Product-libcurlpeoplesoft_enterprise_peopletoolsm12-1communications_billing_and_revenue_managementhci_storage_nodem10-4s_firmwarehci_storage_node_firmwarehci_bootstrap_osmacosm10-4hci_compute_nodem10-4_firmwarecommunications_cloud_native_core_policym10-4suniversal_forwarderm12-1_firmwaresolidfiresinec_infrastructure_network_servicesm12-2sclustered_data_ontapdebian_linuxessbasehci_management_nodefedoramac_os_xm10-1_firmwarem10-1m12-2s_firmwarem12-2_firmwarem12-2https://github.com/curl/curl
CWE ID-CWE-674
Uncontrolled Recursion
CWE ID-CWE-787
Out-of-bounds Write
CVE-2024-54508
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.67% / 70.33%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Dec, 2024 | 22:58
Updated-16 Dec, 2024 | 19:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in watchOS 11.2, visionOS 2.2, tvOS 18.2, macOS Sequoia 15.2, Safari 18.2, iOS 18.2 and iPadOS 18.2. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected process crash.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-iphone_oswatchosipadostvossafarivisionosmacoswatchOSSafarimacOSvisionOStvOSiOS and iPadOS
CVE-2024-54479
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.71% / 71.27%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Dec, 2024 | 22:57
Updated-20 Dec, 2024 | 19:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iPadOS 17.7.3, watchOS 11.2, visionOS 2.2, tvOS 18.2, macOS Sequoia 15.2, Safari 18.2, iOS 18.2 and iPadOS 18.2. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected process crash.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-iphone_oswatchosipadostvossafarivisionosmacoswatchOSSafarimacOSiPadOSvisionOStvOSiOS and iPadOS
CVE-2024-54551
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.16% / 37.61%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-20 Mar, 2025 | 23:53
Updated-24 Mar, 2025 | 15:10
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in watchOS 10.6, tvOS 17.6, Safari 17.6, macOS Sonoma 14.6, visionOS 1.3, iOS 17.6 and iPadOS 17.6. Processing web content may lead to a denial-of-service.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-watchostvosipadossafarivisionosmacosiphone_ostvOSiOS and iPadOSvisionOSmacOSSafariwatchOS
CWE ID-CWE-119
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
CVE-2020-8037
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Tcpdump Group
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Tcpdump Group
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.22% / 44.45%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-04 Nov, 2020 | 17:55
Updated-16 Sep, 2024 | 20:27
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
ppp decapsulator can be convinced to allocate a large amount of memory

The ppp decapsulator in tcpdump 4.9.3 can be convinced to allocate a large amount of memory.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Debian GNU/LinuxApple Inc.Fedora Projecttcpdump & libpcap
Product-debian_linuxfedoramac_os_xmacostcpdumptcpdump
CWE ID-CWE-770
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVE-2024-54538
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.67% / 70.31%
||
7 Day CHG+0.16%
Published-20 Dec, 2024 | 00:24
Updated-06 Jan, 2025 | 15:11
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A denial-of-service issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in visionOS 2.1, iOS 18.1 and iPadOS 18.1, iOS 17.7.1 and iPadOS 17.7.1, tvOS 18.1, macOS Sonoma 14.7.1, watchOS 11.1, macOS Ventura 13.7.1. A remote attacker may be able to cause a denial-of-service.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-iphone_oswatchosipadostvosvisionosmacoswatchOSmacOSvisionOStvOSiOS and iPadOS
CWE ID-CWE-770
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVE-2022-32927
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.26% / 49.50%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-01 Nov, 2022 | 00:00
Updated-06 May, 2025 | 20:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.7.1 and iPadOS 15.7.1, iOS 16.1 and iPadOS 16. Joining a malicious Wi-Fi network may result in a denial-of-service of the Settings app.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-ipadosiphone_osiOS and iPadOS
CWE ID-CWE-400
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVE-2022-32790
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-1.26% / 78.54%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-23 Sep, 2022 | 18:59
Updated-22 May, 2025 | 20:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in tvOS 15.5, watchOS 8.6, iOS 15.5 and iPadOS 15.5, macOS Monterey 12.4, macOS Big Sur 11.6.6, Security Update 2022-004 Catalina. A remote user may be able to cause a denial-of-service.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-mac_os_xtvosmacosiphone_osipadoswatchoswatchOSmacOS
CWE ID-CWE-400
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVE-2022-3252
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Swift Project
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Swift Project
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.09% / 26.74%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-21 Sep, 2022 | 18:45
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 01:07
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Improper detection of complete HTTP body decompression SwiftNIO Extras provides a pair of helpers for transparently decompressing received HTTP request or response bodies. These two objects (HTTPRequestDecompressor and HTTPResponseDecompressor) both failed to detect when the decompressed body was considered complete. If trailing junk data was appended to the HTTP message body, the code would repeatedly attempt to decompress this data and fail. This would lead to an infinite loop making no forward progress, leading to livelock of the system and denial-of-service. This issue can be triggered by any attacker capable of sending a compressed HTTP message. Most commonly this is HTTP servers, as compressed HTTP messages cannot be negotiated for HTTP requests, but it is possible that users have configured decompression for HTTP requests as well. The attack is low effort, and likely to be reached without requiring any privilege or system access. The impact on availability is high: the process immediately becomes unavailable but does not immediately crash, meaning that it is possible for the process to remain in this state until an administrator intervenes or an automated circuit breaker fires. If left unchecked this issue will very slowly exhaust memory resources due to repeated buffer allocation, but the buffers are not written to and so it is possible that the processes will not terminate for quite some time. This risk can be mitigated by removing transparent HTTP message decompression. The issue is fixed by correctly detecting the termination of the compressed body as reported by zlib and refusing to decompress further data. The issue was found by Vojtech Rylko (https://github.com/vojtarylko) and reported publicly on GitHub.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Swift ProjectApple Inc.
Product-swift-nio-extrasSwiftNIO Extras
CWE ID-CWE-606
Unchecked Input for Loop Condition
CWE ID-CWE-835
Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
CVE-2007-0897
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-4.98% / 89.27%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-16 Feb, 2007 | 19:00
Updated-07 Aug, 2024 | 12:34
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Clam AntiVirus ClamAV before 0.90 does not close open file descriptors under certain conditions, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (file descriptor consumption and failed scans) via CAB archives with a cabinet header record length of zero, which causes a function to return without closing a file descriptor.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aDebian GNU/LinuxClamAVApple Inc.
Product-clamavdebian_linuxmac_os_x_servern/a
CWE ID-CWE-772
Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime
CVE-2023-2953
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-1.11% / 77.23%
||
7 Day CHG-0.03%
Published-30 May, 2023 | 00:00
Updated-10 Jan, 2025 | 22:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A vulnerability was found in openldap. This security flaw causes a null pointer dereference in ber_memalloc_x() function.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-openldapn/aRed Hat, Inc.Apple Inc.NetApp, Inc.
Product-h300smacosh500s_firmwareh410s_firmwareh700s_firmwareh410sh700sh410c_firmwareontap_toolsactive_iq_unified_managerenterprise_linuxh500sh410ch300s_firmwareclustered_data_ontapopenldapopenldap
CWE ID-CWE-476
NULL Pointer Dereference
CVE-2007-0342
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-4.34% / 88.47%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-18 Jan, 2007 | 02:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 15:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

WebCore in Apple WebKit build 18794 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (null dereference and application crash) via a TD element with a large number in the ROWSPAN attribute, as demonstrated by a crash of OmniWeb 5.5.3 on Mac OS X 10.4.8, a different vulnerability than CVE-2006-2019.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-omnigroupn/aApple Inc.
Product-safarimac_os_xwebkitomniwebn/a
CWE ID-CWE-476
NULL Pointer Dereference
CVE-2024-43499
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Microsoft Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Microsoft Corporation
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-1.20% / 78.04%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-12 Nov, 2024 | 17:53
Updated-08 Jul, 2025 | 15:40
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
.NET and Visual Studio Denial of Service Vulnerability

.NET and Visual Studio Denial of Service Vulnerability

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.Linux Kernel Organization, IncMicrosoft Corporation
Product-visual_studio_2022linux_kernelmacos.netwindowsMicrosoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.8PowerShell 7.5Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.6Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.10.NET 9.0Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.11
CWE ID-CWE-409
Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
CWE ID-CWE-606
Unchecked Input for Loop Condition
CVE-2022-28876
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
CVSS Score-4.3||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.46% / 63.21%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-14 Jul, 2022 | 14:45
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 06:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Denial-of-Service (DoS) Vulnerability

A Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability was discovered in F-Secure Atlant and in certain WithSecure products whereby the scanning the aeheur.dll component can crash the scanning engine. The exploit can be triggered remotely by an attacker.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.F-Secure CorporationMicrosoft Corporation
Product-linux_securitycloud_protection_for_salesforceelements_endpoint_protectionatlantelements_collaboration_protectionwindowsmacosinternet_gatekeeperAll F-Secure & WithSecure endpoint protection products for Windows and Mac. F-Secure Linux Security (32-bit). F-Secure Linux Security (64-bit). F-Secure Atlant. WithSecure Cloud Protection for Salesforce & WithSecure Collaboration Protection
CVE-2022-28878
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
CVSS Score-4.3||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.31% / 53.43%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Jul, 2022 | 15:29
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 06:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Denial-of-Service (DoS) Vulnerability

A Denial-of-Service vulnerability was discovered in the F-Secure Atlant and in certain WithSecure products while scanning fuzzed APK file it is possible that can crash the scanning engine.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.F-Secure CorporationMicrosoft Corporation
Product-linux_security_64linux_securitycloud_protection_for_salesforceelements_endpoint_protectionatlantelements_collaboration_protectionwindowsmacosinternet_gatekeeperAll F-Secure and WithSecure Endpoint Protection products for Windows & Mac F-Secure Linux Security 64 F-Secure Linux Security 32 F-Secure Atlant F-Secure Internet Gatekeeper WithSecure Cloud Protection for Salesforce WithSecure Collaboration Protection
CVE-2022-28880
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
CVSS Score-4.3||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.31% / 53.43%
||
7 Day CHG+0.23%
Published-05 Aug, 2022 | 16:46
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 06:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Denial-of-Service (DoS) Vulnerability

A Denial-of-Service vulnerability was discovered in the F-Secure Atlant and in certain WithSecure products while scanning fuzzed PE32-bit files it is possible that can crash the scanning engine. The exploit can be triggered remotely by an attacker.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.F-Secure CorporationMicrosoft Corporation
Product-linux_security_64linux_securitycloud_protection_for_salesforceelements_endpoint_protectionatlantelements_collaboration_protectionelements_endpoint_detection_and_responsewindowsmacosinternet_gatekeeperAll F-Secure and WithSecure Endpoint Protection products for Mac F-Secure Linux Security (32-bit) F-Secure Linux Security (64-bit) F-Secure Atlant F-Secure Internet Gatekeeper WithSecure Cloud Protection for Salesforce WithSecure Collaboration Protection
CVE-2022-28887
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
CVSS Score-4.3||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.07% / 20.98%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-12 Oct, 2022 | 00:00
Updated-15 May, 2025 | 19:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Multiple Denial of Service Vulnerability

Multiple Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability was discovered in F-Secure & WithSecure products whereby the aerdl.dll unpacker handler function crashes. This can lead to a possible scanning engine crash.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Microsoft CorporationF-Secure CorporationApple Inc.
Product-internet_gatekeeperatlantlinux_security_64macoswindowslinux_securityelements_endpoint_detection_and_responseelements_endpoint_protectionAll F-Secure and WithSecure Endpoint Protection products for Windows & Mac F-Secure Linux Security (32-bit) F-Secure Linux Security (64-bit) F-Secure Atlant F-Secure Internet Gatekeeper
CWE ID-CWE-404
Improper Resource Shutdown or Release
CVE-2022-28882
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
CVSS Score-4.3||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.30% / 53.03%
||
7 Day CHG+0.21%
Published-23 Aug, 2022 | 15:54
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 06:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Denial-of-Service (DoS) Vulnerability

A Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability was discovered in F-Secure & WithSecure products whereby the aegen.dll will go into an infinite loop when unpacking PE files. This eventually leads to scanning engine crash. The exploit can be triggered remotely by an attacker.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.F-Secure CorporationMicrosoft Corporation
Product-linux_security_64linux_securitycloud_protection_for_salesforceelements_endpoint_protectionatlantelements_collaboration_protectionwindowsmacosinternet_gatekeeperAll F-Secure and WithSecure Endpoint Protection products for Windows & Mac F-Secure Linux Security (32-bit) F-Secure Linux Security (64-bit) F-Secure Atlant F-Secure Internet Gatekeeper WithSecure Cloud Protection for Salesforce WithSecure Collaboration Protection
CWE ID-CWE-835
Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
CVE-2022-28883
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
CVSS Score-3.5||LOW
EPSS-0.11% / 29.99%
||
7 Day CHG+0.02%
Published-23 Aug, 2022 | 15:54
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 06:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Denial-of-Service (DoS) Vulnerability

A Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability was discovered in F-Secure & WithSecure products whereby the aerdl unpack function crashes. This can lead to a possible scanning engine crash. The exploit can be triggered remotely by an attacker.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.F-Secure CorporationMicrosoft Corporation
Product-linux_security_64linux_securitycloud_protection_for_salesforceelements_endpoint_protectionatlantelements_collaboration_protectionwindowsmacosinternet_gatekeeperAll F-Secure and WithSecure Endpoint Protection products for Windows & Mac F-Secure Linux Security (32-bit) F-Secure Linux Security (64-bit) F-Secure Atlant F-Secure Internet Gatekeeper WithSecure Cloud Protection for Salesforce WithSecure Collaboration Protection
CVE-2022-28881
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
CVSS Score-4.3||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.46% / 63.21%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-10 Aug, 2022 | 16:03
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 06:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Denial-of-Service (DoS) Vulnerability

A Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability was discovered in F-Secure Atlant whereby the aerdl.dll component used in certain WithSecure products unpacker function crashes which leads to scanning engine crash. The exploit can be triggered remotely by an attacker.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.F-Secure CorporationMicrosoft Corporation
Product-linux_security_64linux_securitycloud_protection_for_salesforceelements_endpoint_protectionatlantelements_collaboration_protectionelements_endpoint_detection_and_responsewindowsmacosinternet_gatekeeperAll F-Secure and WithSecure Endpoint Protection products for Windows & Mac F-Secure Linux Security (32-bit) F-Secure Linux Security (64-bit) F-Secure Atlant F-Secure Internet Gatekeeper WithSecure Cloud Protection for Salesforce WithSecure Collaboration Protection
CVE-2020-3877
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-1.15% / 77.62%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-27 Feb, 2020 | 20:45
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 07:44
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Catalina 10.15.3, watchOS 6.1.2. A remote attacker may be able to cause unexpected application termination or arbitrary code execution.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-mac_os_xwatchoswatchOSmacOS
CWE ID-CWE-125
Out-of-bounds Read
CVE-2006-4095
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-9.41% / 92.47%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-06 Sep, 2006 | 00:00
Updated-03 Apr, 2025 | 01:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

BIND before 9.2.6-P1 and 9.3.x before 9.3.2-P1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via certain SIG queries, which cause an assertion failure when multiple RRsets are returned.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aInternet Systems Consortium, Inc.Apple Inc.Canonical Ltd.
Product-mac_os_x_servermac_os_xubuntu_linuxbindn/a
CWE ID-CWE-617
Reachable Assertion
CVE-2022-28871
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
CVSS Score-4.3||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.21% / 43.00%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-25 Apr, 2022 | 10:14
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 06:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Denial-of-Service (DoS) Vulnerability

A Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability was discovered in F-Secure Atlant whereby the fsicapd component used in certain F-Secure products while scanning larger packages/fuzzed files consume too much memory eventually can crash the scanning engine. The exploit can be triggered remotely by an attacker.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.F-Secure CorporationMicrosoft Corporation
Product-windowsatlantmacosmac_os_xAll F-Secure Endpoint Protection products on Windows and Mac F-Secure Linux Security (32-bit) F-Secure Linux Security 64 F-Secure Atlant F-Secure Internet Gatekeeper F-Secure Cloud Protection for Salesforce
CWE ID-CWE-770
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVE-2022-22651
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.59% / 68.28%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-18 Mar, 2022 | 18:00
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 03:21
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Monterey 12.3. A remote attacker may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-macosmacOS
CWE ID-CWE-787
Out-of-bounds Write
CVE-2022-22719
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apache Software Foundation
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Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apache Software Foundation
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-27.79% / 96.27%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-14 Mar, 2022 | 10:15
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 03:21
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
mod_lua Use of uninitialized value of in r:parsebody

A carefully crafted request body can cause a read to a random memory area which could cause the process to crash. This issue affects Apache HTTP Server 2.4.52 and earlier.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-The Apache Software FoundationApple Inc.Fedora ProjectDebian GNU/LinuxOracle Corporation
Product-http_serverdebian_linuxfedorazfs_storage_appliance_kitmac_os_xmacosApache HTTP Server
CWE ID-CWE-665
Improper Initialization
CVE-2022-28879
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-126858f1-1b65-4b74-81ca-7034f7f7723f
CVSS Score-4.3||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.46% / 63.21%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-22 Jul, 2022 | 15:27
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 06:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Denial-of-Service (DoS) Vulnerability

A Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability was discovered in F-Secure Atlant and in certain WithSecure products whereby the scanning the aepack.dll component can crash the scanning engine.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.F-Secure Corporation
Product-linux_security_64linux_securitycloud_protection_for_salesforceelements_endpoint_protectionatlantelements_collaboration_protectionmacosinternet_gatekeeperAll F-Secure and WithSecure Endpoint Protection products for Mac F-Secure Linux Security (32-bit) F-Secure Linux Security (64-bit) F-Secure Atlant F-Secure Internet Gatekeeper WithSecure Cloud Protection for Salesforce WithSecure Collaboration Protection
CVE-2023-23524
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apple Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.09% / 26.99%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-27 Feb, 2023 | 00:00
Updated-18 Mar, 2025 | 15:15
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A denial-of-service issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in tvOS 16.3.2, iOS 16.3.1 and iPadOS 16.3.1, watchOS 9.3.1, macOS Ventura 13.2.1. Processing a maliciously crafted certificate may lead to a denial-of-service.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Apple Inc.
Product-watchosiphone_osmacostvosipadosmacOSwatchOSiOS and iPadOStvOS
CWE ID-CWE-400
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVE-2023-47263
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.15% / 35.87%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-16 Nov, 2023 | 00:00
Updated-02 Aug, 2024 | 21:09
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Certain WithSecure products allow a Denial of Service (DoS) in the antivirus engine when scanning a fuzzed PE32 file. This affects WithSecure Client Security 15, WithSecure Server Security 15, WithSecure Email and Server Security 15, WithSecure Elements Endpoint Protection 17 and later, WithSecure Client Security for Mac 15, WithSecure Elements Endpoint Protection for Mac 17 and later, WithSecure Linux Security 64 12.0, WithSecure Linux Protection 12.0, and WithSecure Atlant (formerly F-Secure Atlant) 15 and later.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aApple Inc.WithSecure CorporationLinux Kernel Organization, IncMicrosoft Corporation
Product-linux_security_64server_securitylinux_kernelclient_securityelements_endpoint_protectionatlantwindowsmacosemail_and_server_securitylinux_protectionn/a
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