PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. In versions below 4.5.139 of PraisonAI and 1.5.140 of praisonaiagents, the workflow engine is vulnerable to arbitrary command and code execution through untrusted YAML files. When praisonai workflow run <file.yaml> loads a YAML file with type: job, the JobWorkflowExecutor in job_workflow.py processes steps that support run: (shell commands via subprocess.run()), script: (inline Python via exec()), and python: (arbitrary Python script execution)—all without any validation, sandboxing, or user confirmation. The affected code paths include action_run() in workflow.py and _exec_shell(), _exec_inline_python(), and _exec_python_script() in job_workflow.py. An attacker who can supply or influence a workflow YAML file (particularly in CI pipelines, shared repositories, or multi-tenant deployment environments) can achieve full arbitrary command execution on the host system, compromising the machine and any accessible data or credentials. This issue has been fixed in versions 4.5.139 of PraisonAI and 1.5.140 of praisonaiagents.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. From version 4.5.15 to before version 4.5.69, the --mcp CLI argument is passed directly to shlex.split() and forwarded through the call chain to anyio.open_process() with no validation, allowlist check, or sanitization at any hop, allowing arbitrary OS command execution as the process user. This issue has been patched in version 4.5.69.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 1.5.90, run_python() in praisonai constructs a shell command string by interpolating user-controlled code into python3 -c "<code>" and passing it to subprocess.run(..., shell=True). The escaping logic only handles \ and ", leaving $() and backtick substitutions unescaped, allowing arbitrary OS command execution before Python is invoked. This issue has been patched in version 1.5.90.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 4.5.90, the get_all_user_threads function constructs raw SQL queries using f-strings with unescaped thread IDs fetched from the database. An attacker stores a malicious thread ID via update_thread. When the application loads the thread list, the injected payload executes and grants full database access. This issue has been patched in version 4.5.90.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 1.6.32, the URL checking logic in PraisonAI has a logical flaw that could be bypassed by attackers, leading to SSRF attacks. This issue has been patched in version 1.6.32.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.115, the AgentService.loadAgentFromFile method uses the js-yaml library to parse YAML files without disabling dangerous tags (such as !!js/function and !!js/undefined). This allows an attacker to craft a malicious YAML file that, when parsed, executes arbitrary JavaScript code. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by uploading a malicious agent definition file via the API endpoint, leading to remote code execution (RCE) on the server. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.115.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.133, there is an SQL identifier injection vulnerability in SQLiteConversationStore where the table_prefix configuration value is directly concatenated into SQL queries via f-strings without any validation or sanitization. Since SQL identifiers cannot be safely parameterized, an attacker who controls the table_prefix value (e.g., through from_yaml or from_dict configuration input) can inject arbitrary SQL fragments that alter query structure. This enables unauthorized data access, such as reading internal SQLite tables like sqlite_master, and manipulation of query results through techniques like UNION-based injection. The vulnerability propagates from configuration input in config.py, through factory.py, to the SQL query construction in sqlite.py. Exploitation requires the ability to influence configuration input, and successful exploitation leads to internal schema disclosure and full query result tampering. This issue has been fixed in version 4.5.133.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.121, the execute_command function and workflow shell execution are exposed to user-controlled input via agent workflows, YAML definitions, and LLM-generated tool calls, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary shell commands through shell metacharacters. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.121.

PraisonAIAgents is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 1.5.128, he memory hooks executor in praisonaiagents passes a user-controlled command string directly to subprocess.run() with shell=True at src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/memory/hooks.py. No sanitization is performed and shell metacharacters are interpreted by /bin/sh before the intended command executes. Two independent attack surfaces exist. The first is via pre_run_command and post_run_command hook event types registered through the hooks configuration. The second and more severe surface is the .praisonai/hooks.json lifecycle configuration, where hooks registered for events such as BEFORE_TOOL and AFTER_TOOL fire automatically during agent operation. An agent that gains file-write access through prompt injection can overwrite .praisonai/hooks.json and have its payload execute silently at every subsequent lifecycle event without further user interaction. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.5.128.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 4.5.97, SubprocessSandbox in all modes (BASIC, STRICT, NETWORK_ISOLATED) calls subprocess.run() with shell=True and relies solely on string-pattern matching to block dangerous commands. The blocklist does not include sh or bash as standalone executables, allowing trivial sandbox escape in STRICT mode via sh -c '<command>'. This issue has been patched in version 4.5.97.

A remote code execution vulnerability occurs in OpenTSDB through 2.4.0 via command injection in the yrange parameter. The yrange value is written to a gnuplot file in the /tmp directory. This file is then executed via the mygnuplot.sh shell script. (tsd/GraphHandler.java attempted to prevent command injections by blocking backticks but this is insufficient.)

lib/cmd.js in the node-windows package before 1.0.0-beta.6 for Node.js allows command injection via the PID parameter.

An attacker can overwrite any file on the server hosting MLflow without any authentication.

Ubilling v1.0.9 allows Remote Command Execution as Root user by executing a malicious command that is injected inside the config file and being triggered by another part of the software.

An issue was discovered in URVE Build 24.03.2020. By using the _internal/pc/vpro.php?mac=0&ip=0&operation=0&usr=0&pass=0%3bpowershell+-c+" substring, it is possible to execute a Powershell command and redirect its output to a file under the web root.

An issue was discovered on CDATA 72408A, 9008A, 9016A, 92408A, 92416A, 9288, 97016, 97024P, 97028P, 97042P, 97084P, 97168P, FD1002S, FD1104, FD1104B, FD1104S, FD1104SN, FD1108S, FD1204S-R2, FD1204SN, FD1204SN-R2, FD1208S-R2, FD1216S-R1, FD1608GS, FD1608SN, FD1616GS, FD1616SN, and FD8000 devices. One can escape from a shell and acquire root privileges by leveraging the TFTP download configuration.

A remote code execution vulnerability in the installUpdateThemePluginAction function in index.php in WonderCMS 3.1.3, allows remote attackers to upload a custom plugin which can contain arbitrary code and obtain a webshell via the theme/plugin installer.

An issue was discovered on V-SOL V1600D V2.03.69 and V2.03.57, V1600D4L V1.01.49, V1600D-MINI V1.01.48, V1600G1 V2.0.7 and V1.9.7, and V1600G2 V1.1.4 OLT devices. Command injection can occur in "upload tftp syslog" and "upload tftp configuration" in the CLI via a crafted filename.

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in moses-smt mosesdecoder up to 4.0. This affects an unknown part of the file contrib/iSenWeb/trans_result.php. The manipulation of the argument input1 leads to os command injection. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-246135.

ASUS ASMB8 iKVM firmware through 1.14.51 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by using SNMP to create extensions, as demonstrated by snmpset for NET-SNMP-EXTEND-MIB with /bin/sh for command execution.

The affected On-Premise cnMaestro is vulnerable to execution of code on the cnMaestro hosting server. This could allow a remote attacker to change server configuration settings.

An issue was discovered in ClusterLabs Hawk 2.x through 2.3.0-x. There is a Ruby shell code injection issue via the hawk_remember_me_id parameter in the login_from_cookie cookie. The user logout routine could be used by unauthenticated remote attackers to execute code as hauser.

A vulnerability was found in Byzoro Smart S85F Management Platform up to 20231012. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /importexport.php. The manipulation leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-243061 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Zeroshell 3.9.3 contains a command injection vulnerability in the /cgi-bin/kerbynet StartSessionSubmit parameter that could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute a system command by using shell metacharacters and the %0a character.

Command Injection in Nagios Fusion 4.1.8 and earlier allows Privilege Escalation from apache to root in cmd_subsys.php.

Webgrind 1.1 contains a remote command execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to inject OS commands via the dataFile parameter in index.php. Attackers can execute arbitrary system commands by manipulating the dataFile parameter, such as using payload '0%27%26calc.exe%26%27' to execute commands on the target system.

This affects all versions of package ffmpeg-sdk. The injection point is located in line 9 in index.js.

tdpServer on TP-Link Archer A7 AC1750 devices before 201029 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the slave_mac parameter. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2020-10882 in which shell quotes are mishandled.

This affects all versions of package node-latex-pdf.

This affects all versions of package xopen. The injection point is located in line 14 in index.js in the exported function xopen(filepath)

Remote Command Execution (RCE) vulnerability in TerraMaster TOS <= 4.2.06 allow remote unauthenticated attackers to inject OS commands via /include/makecvs.php in Event parameter.

The package async-git before 1.13.2 are vulnerable to Command Injection via shell meta-characters (back-ticks). For example: git.reset('atouch HACKEDb')

Command Injection in Nagios Fusion 4.1.8 and earlier allows for Privilege Escalation or Code Execution as root via vectors related to corrupt component installation in cmd_subsys.php.

HNAP1/control/SetMasterWLanSettings.php in D-Link D-Link Router DIR-846 DIR-846 A1_100.26 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the ssid0 or ssid1 parameter.

A vulnerability was determined in BurtTheCoder mcp-maigret up to 1.0.12. This affects an unknown part of the file src/index.ts of the component search_username. Executing a manipulation of the argument Username can lead to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 1.0.13 is able to mitigate this issue. This patch is called b1ae073c4b3e789ab8de36dc6ca8111ae9399e7a. Upgrading the affected component is advised.

This affects the package image-tiler before 2.0.2.

The affected product is vulnerable to an authenticated OS command injection, which may allow an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary shell commands as the Admin (root) user.

This affects all versions of package corenlp-js-prefab. The injection point is located in line 10 in 'index.js.' It depends on a vulnerable package 'corenlp-js-interface.' Vulnerability can be exploited with the following PoC:

An issue was discovered on Western Digital My Cloud NAS devices before 5.04.114. They allow remote code execution with resultant escalation of privileges.

This affects all versions of package monorepo-build.

A command injection existed in Ray's cpu_profile URL parameter allowing attackers to execute os commands on the system running the ray dashboard remotely without authentication. The issue is fixed in version 2.8.1+. Ray maintainers' response can be found here: https://www.anyscale.com/blog/update-on-ray-cves-cve-2023-6019-cve-2023-6020-cve-2023-6021-cve-2023-48022-cve-2023-48023

This affects all versions of package sonar-wrapper. The injection point is located in lib/sonarRunner.js.

All versions of package geojson2kml are vulnerable to Command Injection via the index.js file. PoC: var a =require("geojson2kml"); a("./","& touch JHU",function(){})

This affects all versions of package curljs.

This affects all versions of package gitblame. The injection point is located in line 15 in lib/gitblame.js.

This affects all versions of package npos-tesseract. The injection point is located in line 55 in lib/ocr.js.

The package ntesseract before 0.2.9 are vulnerable to Command Injection via lib/tesseract.js.

This affects all versions of package heroku-env. The injection point is located in lib/get.js which is required by index.js.

This affects all versions of package npm-help. The injection point is located in line 13 in index.js file in export.latestVersion() function.

System command injection through Netflow function due to improper input validation, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary system commands. This issue affects Pandora FMS: from 700 through <777.