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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2026-49495

Summary
Assigner-VulnCheck
Assigner Org ID-83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10
Published At-10 Jun, 2026 | 12:36
Updated At-10 Jun, 2026 | 16:31
Rejected At-
Credits

Ghidra 10.2 < 12.1 - Denial of Service via Circular Reference in Mach-O Export Trie Parser

Ghidra 10.2 before 12.1 contains an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability in ExportTrie.parseTrie() that lacks cycle detection when traversing Mach-O binary export tries. A crafted Mach-O binary with circular references in the export trie causes unbounded queue growth and exponential string concatenation, triggering OutOfMemoryError that crashes the entire JVM and loses all unsaved work.

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
â–¼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:VulnCheck
Assigner Org ID:83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10
Published At:10 Jun, 2026 | 12:36
Updated At:10 Jun, 2026 | 16:31
Rejected At:
â–¼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)
Ghidra 10.2 < 12.1 - Denial of Service via Circular Reference in Mach-O Export Trie Parser

Ghidra 10.2 before 12.1 contains an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability in ExportTrie.parseTrie() that lacks cycle detection when traversing Mach-O binary export tries. A crafted Mach-O binary with circular references in the export trie causes unbounded queue growth and exponential string concatenation, triggering OutOfMemoryError that crashes the entire JVM and loses all unsaved work.

Affected Products
Vendor
nationalsecurityagency
Product
ghidra
Repo
https://github.com/nationalsecurityagency/ghidra
Default Status
unaffected
Versions
Affected
  • From 10.2 before 12.1 (custom)
Unaffected
  • 12.1 (custom)
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
CWECWE-835Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-835
Description: Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
4.06.7MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
3.15.5MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Version: 4.0
Base score: 6.7
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Version: 3.1
Base score: 5.5
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

reporter
Donghwoo Cho
Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-wm33-9f68-3vjg
vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ghidra-denial-of-service-via-circular-reference-in-mach-o-export-trie-parser
third-party-advisory
Hyperlink: https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-wm33-9f68-3vjg
Resource:
vendor-advisory
Hyperlink: https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ghidra-denial-of-service-via-circular-reference-in-mach-o-export-trie-parser
Resource:
third-party-advisory
â–¼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-wm33-9f68-3vjg
exploit
Hyperlink: https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-wm33-9f68-3vjg
Resource:
exploit
Information is not available yet
â–¼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:disclosure@vulncheck.com
Published At:10 Jun, 2026 | 14:16
Updated At:10 Jun, 2026 | 19:43

Ghidra 10.2 before 12.1 contains an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability in ExportTrie.parseTrie() that lacks cycle detection when traversing Mach-O binary export tries. A crafted Mach-O binary with circular references in the export trie causes unbounded queue growth and exponential string concatenation, triggering OutOfMemoryError that crashes the entire JVM and loses all unsaved work.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Secondary4.06.7MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Secondary3.15.5MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Type: Secondary
Version: 4.0
Base score: 6.7
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Type: Secondary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 5.5
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CPE Matches

Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
CWE-835Secondarydisclosure@vulncheck.com
CWE ID: CWE-835
Type: Secondary
Source: disclosure@vulncheck.com
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-wm33-9f68-3vjgdisclosure@vulncheck.com
N/A
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ghidra-denial-of-service-via-circular-reference-in-mach-o-export-trie-parserdisclosure@vulncheck.com
N/A
https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-wm33-9f68-3vjg134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
N/A
Hyperlink: https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-wm33-9f68-3vjg
Source: disclosure@vulncheck.com
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ghidra-denial-of-service-via-circular-reference-in-mach-o-export-trie-parser
Source: disclosure@vulncheck.com
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-wm33-9f68-3vjg
Source: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Resource: N/A

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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CWE ID-CWE-835
Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
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Matching Score-4
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EPSS-0.09% / 25.27%
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KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
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Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
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Matching Score-4
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CVSS Score-5.5||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.08% / 24.39%
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Rejected-Not Available
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Vendor-Fedora ProjectRed Hat, Inc.X.Org Foundation
Product-fedoralibx11enterprise_linuxRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
CWE ID-CWE-400
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
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Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-5.5||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.86% / 75.45%
||
7 Day CHG-0.02%
Published-18 Aug, 2019 | 18:30
Updated-05 Aug, 2024 | 00:42
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

In DjVuLibre 3.5.27, the bitmap reader component allows attackers to cause a denial-of-service error (resource exhaustion caused by a GBitmap::read_rle_raw infinite loop) by crafting a corrupted image file, related to libdjvu/DjVmDir.cpp and libdjvu/GBitmap.cpp.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-djvulibre_projectn/aCanonical Ltd.openSUSEFedora ProjectDebian GNU/Linux
Product-djvulibreubuntu_linuxdebian_linuxfedoraleapn/a
CWE ID-CWE-835
Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
CVE-2023-37748
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-5.5||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.03% / 8.18%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-19 Jul, 2023 | 00:00
Updated-28 Oct, 2024 | 15:17
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

ngiflib commit 5e7292 was discovered to contain an infinite loop via the function DecodeGifImg at ngiflib.c.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-miniupnp_projectn/a
Product-ngiflibn/a
CWE ID-CWE-835
Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
CVE-2023-36464
Matching Score-4
Assigner-GitHub, Inc.
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-GitHub, Inc.
CVSS Score-6.2||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.03% / 7.41%
||
7 Day CHG-0.07%
Published-27 Jun, 2023 | 21:24
Updated-03 Dec, 2024 | 16:56
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Infinite Loop when a comment isn't followed by a character in pypdf

pypdf is an open source, pure-python PDF library. In affected versions an attacker may craft a PDF which leads to an infinite loop if `__parse_content_stream` is executed. That is, for example, the case if the user extracted text from such a PDF. This issue was introduced in pull request #969 and resolved in pull request #1828. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade may modify the line `while peek not in (b"\r", b"\n")` in `pypdf/generic/_data_structures.py` to `while peek not in (b"\r", b"\n", b"")`.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-pypdf_projectpypdf2_projectpy-pdf
Product-pypdfpypdf2pypdf
CWE ID-CWE-835
Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
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