An os command injection vulnerability exists in the liburvpn.so create_private_key functionality of Milesight VPN v2.0.2. A specially-crafted network request can lead to command execution. An attacker can send a malicious packet to trigger this vulnerability.

DrayTek Vigor 2960 firmware versions prior to 1.5.1.4 contain an OS command injection vulnerability in the CGI login handler that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands by injecting shell metacharacters into the formpassword parameter. Attackers can exploit unsanitized input passed to the otp_check.sh script to achieve remote code execution with web server privileges. Exploitation requires knowledge of a valid username and that the target account has MOTP authentication enabled.

Deno is a JavaScript, TypeScript, and WebAssembly runtime. From 2.7.0 to 2.7.1, A command injection vulnerability exists in Deno's node:child_process polyfill (shell: true mode) that bypasses the fix for CVE-2026-27190. The two-stage argument sanitization in transformDenoShellCommand (ext/node/polyfills/internal/child_process.ts) has a priority bug: when an argument contains a $VAR pattern, it is wrapped in double quotes (L1290) instead of single quotes. Double quotes in POSIX sh do not suppress backtick command substitution, allowing injected commands to execute. An attacker who controls arguments passed to spawnSync or spawn with shell: true can execute arbitrary OS commands, bypassing Deno's permission system. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.7.2.

Foxit PDF Reader and PDF Editor before 11.1 on macOS allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via app.launchURL in the JavaScript API.

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Spotify Music Player 1.0.69.336. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the processing of URI handlers. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code under the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-5501.

The node_process_command function in Zabbix Server before 1.8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request.

Command injection vulnerability in automagik-genie 2.5.27 MCP Server allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via the view_task (aka view) in the readTranscriptFromCommit function in dist/mcp/server.js when a user reads from an external FORGE_BASE_URL.

Foxit PDF Reader and PDF Editor before 11.1 on macOS allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via xfa.host.gotoURL in the XFA API.

The Path Sanity Check script of FreeCAD 0.19 is vulnerable to OS command injection, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted FCStd document.

The remote upgrade feature in Guardzilla GZ180 devices allow command injection via a crafted new firmware version parameter.

ark before 16.12.1 might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via an executable in an archive, related to associated applications.

simple-git enables running native Git commands from JavaScript. Versions up to and including 3.31.1 allow execution of arbitrary commands through Git option manipulation, bypassing safety checks meant to block dangerous options like -u and --upload-pack. The flaw stems from an incomplete fix for CVE-2022-25860, as Git's flexible option parsing allows numerous character combinations (e.g., -vu, -4u, -nu) to circumvent the regular-expression-based blocklist in the unsafe operations plugin. Due to the virtually infinite number of valid option variants that Git accepts, a complete blocklist-based mitigation may be infeasible without fully emulating Git's option parsing behavior. This issue has been fixed in version 3.32.0.

A OS Command Injection vulnerability exists in Node.js versions <14.21.1, <16.18.1, <18.12.1, <19.0.1 due to an insufficient IsAllowedHost check that can easily be bypassed because IsIPAddress does not properly check if an IP address is invalid before making DBS requests allowing rebinding attacks.The fix for this issue in https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2022-32212 was incomplete and this new CVE is to complete the fix.

react-dev-utils prior to v11.0.4 exposes a function, getProcessForPort, where an input argument is concatenated into a command string to be executed. This function is typically used from react-scripts (in Create React App projects), where the usage is safe. Only when this function is manually invoked with user-provided values (ie: by custom code) is there the potential for command injection. If you're consuming it from react-scripts then this issue does not affect you.

An exploitable code execution vulnerability exists in the trapper command functionality of Zabbix Server 2.4.X. A specially crafted set of packets can cause a command injection resulting in remote code execution. An attacker can make requests from an active Zabbix Proxy to trigger this vulnerability.

Deno is a JavaScript, TypeScript, and WebAssembly runtime. Prior to 2.7.10, Deno's node:child_process implementation provided an escapeShellArg() helper used when callers passed shell: true to spawn / spawnSync / exec and friends. On Windows, the helper failed to quote arguments that contained cmd.exe metacharacters and did not neutralize % (which cmd.exe expands even inside double-quoted strings). An attacker who controlled any portion of an argument passed to such a call could inject arbitrary additional commands into the spawned cmd.exe invocation. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.7.10.

Deno is a JavaScript, TypeScript, and WebAssembly runtime. Prior to 2.6.8, a command injection vulnerability exists in Deno's node:child_process implementation. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.6.8.

Trivy Action runs Trivy as GitHub action to scan a Docker container image for vulnerabilities. A command injection vulnerability exists in `aquasecurity/trivy-action` versions 0.31.0 through 0.33.1 due to improper handling of action inputs when exporting environment variables. The action writes `export VAR=<input>` lines to `trivy_envs.txt` based on user-supplied inputs and subsequently sources this file in `entrypoint.sh`. Because input values are written without appropriate shell escaping, attacker-controlled input containing shell metacharacters (e.g., `$(...)`, backticks, or other command substitution syntax) may be evaluated during the sourcing process. This can result in arbitrary command execution within the GitHub Actions runner context. Version 0.34.0 contains a patch for this issue. The vulnerability is exploitable when a consuming workflow passes attacker-controlled data into any action input that is written to `trivy_envs.txt`. Access to user input is required by the malicious actor. Workflows that do not pass attacker-controlled data into `trivy-action` inputs, workflows that upgrade to a patched version that properly escapes shell values or eliminates the `source ./trivy_envs.txt` pattern, and workflows where user input is not accessible are not affected.

A certain ActiveX control in PDWizard.ocx 6.0.0.9782 and earlier in Microsoft Visual Studio 6.0 exposes dangerous (1) StartProcess, (2) SyncShell, (3) SaveAs, (4) CABDefaultURL, (5) CABFileName, and (6) CABRunFile methods, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary programs and have other impacts, as demonstrated using absolute pathnames in arguments to StartProcess and SyncShell.

Multiple argument injection vulnerabilities in Mozilla Firefox 2.0.0.5 and 3.0alpha allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a NULL byte (%00) and shell metacharacters in a (1) mailto, (2) nntp, (3) news, (4) snews, or (5) telnet URI, a similar issue to CVE-2007-3670.

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command in the podcast playback function of Podbeuter in Newsbeuter 0.3 through 2.9 allows remote attackers to perform user-assisted code execution by crafting an RSS item with a media enclosure (i.e., a podcast file) that includes shell metacharacters in its filename, related to pb_controller.cpp and queueloader.cpp, a different vulnerability than CVE-2017-12904.

cbrPager before 0.9.17 allows user-assisted remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a (1) ZIP (aka .cbz) or (2) RAR (aka .cbr) archive filename.

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Comodo Internet Security Premium 12.3.4.8162. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file cis_update_x64.xml of the component Manifest File Handler. The manipulation of the argument binary/params leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

A OS Command Injection vulnerability exists in Node.js versions <14.20.0, <16.20.0, <18.5.0 due to an insufficient IsAllowedHost check that can easily be bypassed because IsIPAddress does not properly check if an IP address is invalid before making DBS requests allowing rebinding attacks.

AKABEi SOFT2 games allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via crafted saved data, as demonstrated by Happy Wardrobe.

Usermin before 1.600 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary operating-system commands via unspecified vectors related to a user action.

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Epic Games Launcher versions prior to 8.2.2. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handler for the com.epicgames.launcher protocol. A crafted URI with the com.epicgames.launcher protocol can trigger execution of a system call composed from a user-supplied string. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Was ZDI-CAN-7241.

Roo Code is an AI-powered autonomous coding agent that lives in users' editors. In versions prior to 3.25.5, Roo-Code fails to properly handle process substitution and single ampersand characters in the command parsing logic for auto-execute commands. If a user has enabled auto-approved execution for a command such as ls, an attacker who can submit crafted prompts to the agent may inject arbitrary commands to be executed alongside the intended command. Exploitation requires attacker access to submit prompts and for the user to have enabled auto-approved command execution, which is disabled by default. This vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code. The issue is fixed in version 3.25.5.

Roo Code is an AI-powered autonomous coding agent that lives in users' editors. Versions below 3.26.0 contain a vulnerability in the command parsing logic where the Bash parameter expansion and indirect reference were not handled correctly. If the agent was configured to auto-approve execution of certain commands, an attacker able to influence prompts could abuse this weakness to execute additional arbitrary commands alongside the intended one. This is fixed in version 3.26.0.

Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in Neo4J 1.9.2 allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that execute arbitrary code, as demonstrated by a request to (1) db/data/ext/GremlinPlugin/graphdb/execute_script or (2) db/manage/server/console/.

A command execution issue was found in Apache SpamAssassin prior to 3.4.3. Carefully crafted nefarious rule configuration (.cf) files can be configured to run system commands similar to CVE-2018-11805. With this bug unpatched, exploits can be injected in a number of scenarios including the same privileges as spamd is run which may be elevated though doing so remotely is difficult. In addition to upgrading to SA 3.4.4, we again recommend that users should only use update channels or 3rd party .cf files from trusted places. If you cannot upgrade, do not use 3rd party rulesets, do not use sa-compile and do not run spamd as an account with elevated privileges.

A command injection vulnerability in the IPSec VPN feature of Zyxel ATP series firmware versions from V4.32 through V5.38, USG FLEX series firmware versions from V4.50 through V5.38, USG FLEX 50(W) series firmware versions from V4.16 through V5.38, and USG20(W)-VPN series firmware versions from V4.16 through V5.38 could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some OS commands on an affected device by sending a crafted username to the vulnerable device. Note that this attack could be successful only if the device was configured in User-Based-PSK authentication mode and a valid user with a long username exceeding 28 characters exists.

The DrayTek Vigor 2700 router 2.8.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript code, and modify settings or the DNS cache, via a crafted SSID value that is not properly handled during insertion into the sWlessSurvey value in variables.js.

The Cocaine gem 0.4.0 through 0.5.2 for Ruby allows context-dependent attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted has object, related to recursive variable interpolation.

An os command injection vulnerability exists in the CWMP SelfDefinedTimeZone functionality of Grandstream GXP2135 1.0.9.129, 1.0.11.74 and 1.0.11.79. A specially crafted network packet can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can send a sequence of malicious packets to trigger this vulnerability.

Azure CLI is the command-line interface for Microsoft Azure. In versions previous to 2.40.0, Azure CLI contains a vulnerability for potential code injection. Critical scenarios are where a hosting machine runs an Azure CLI command where parameter values have been provided by an external source. The vulnerability is only applicable when the Azure CLI command is run on a Windows machine and with any version of PowerShell and when the parameter value contains the `&` or `|` symbols. If any of these prerequisites are not met, this vulnerability is not applicable. Users should upgrade to version 2.40.0 or greater to receive a a mitigation for the vulnerability.

Toshiba ConfigFree 8.0.38 has a CF7 File Remote Command Execution Vulnerability

shell-quote's `quote()` function did not validate object-token inputs against the operator model used by `parse()`. The `.op` field was backslash-escaped character by character using `/(.)/g`, which in JavaScript does not match line terminators (\n, \r, U+2028, U+2029). A line terminator in `.op` therefore passed through unescaped into the output; POSIX shells treat a literal newline as a command separator, so any content after it would execute as a second command. The vulnerable code path is reachable in two ways: (1) direct construction of `{ op: '...\n...' }` from external input, and (2) via `parse(cmd, envFn)` when `envFn` returns object tokens whose `.op` is attacker-influenced. Both are documented API surface. Fixed by replacing the per-character escape with strict shape validation: `.op` must match the parser's control-operator allowlist; `{ op: 'glob', pattern }` validates `pattern` and forbids line terminators; `{ comment }` validates `comment` and forbids line terminators; any other object shape throws `TypeError`.

Versions of the package simple-git before 3.16.0 are vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE) via the clone(), pull(), push() and listRemote() methods, due to improper input sanitization. This vulnerability exists due to an incomplete fix of [CVE-2022-25912](https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-SIMPLEGIT-3112221).

The package simple-git before 3.15.0 are vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE) when enabling the ext transport protocol, which makes it exploitable via clone() method. This vulnerability exists due to an incomplete fix of [CVE-2022-24066](https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-SIMPLEGIT-2434306).

The package cookiecutter before 2.1.1 are vulnerable to Command Injection via hg argument injection. When calling the cookiecutter function from Python code with the checkout parameter, it is passed to the hg checkout command in a way that additional flags can be set. The additional flags can be used to perform a command injection.

A vulnerability was found in D-Link DNS-320, DNS-320LW, DNS-325 and DNS-340L up to 20241028. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function cgi_user_add of the file /cgi-bin/account_mgr.cgi?cmd=cgi_user_add. The manipulation of the argument name leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

A vulnerability was found in D-Link DNS-320, DNS-320LW, DNS-325 and DNS-340L up to 20241028. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function cgi_user_add of the file /cgi-bin/account_mgr.cgi?cmd=cgi_user_add. The manipulation of the argument group leads to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

In radare2 before 3.9.0, a command injection vulnerability exists in bin_symbols() in libr/core/cbin.c. By using a crafted executable file, it's possible to execute arbitrary shell commands with the permissions of the victim. This vulnerability is due to an insufficient fix for CVE-2019-14745 and improper handling of symbol names embedded in executables.

The commit diff rest endpoint in Bitbucket Server and Data Center before 5.16.10 (the fixed version for 5.16.x ), from 6.0.0 before 6.0.10 (the fixed version for 6.0.x), from 6.1.0 before 6.1.8 (the fixed version for 6.1.x), from 6.2.0 before 6.2.6 (the fixed version for 6.2.x), from 6.3.0 before 6.3.5 (the fixed version for 6.3.x), from 6.4.0 before 6.4.3 (the fixed version for 6.4.x), and from 6.5.0 before 6.5.2 (the fixed version for 6.5.x) allows remote attackers who have permission to access a repository, if public access is enabled for a project or repository then attackers are able to exploit this issue anonymously, to read the contents of arbitrary files on the system and execute commands via injecting additional arguments into git commands.

A vulnerability was found in Ackites KillWxapkg up to 2.4.1. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function processFile of the file internal/unpack/unpack.go of the component wxapkg File Parser. The manipulation leads to os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

A vulnerability was found in Jrohy trojan up to 2.15.3. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function LogChan of the file trojan/util/linux.go. The manipulation of the argument c leads to os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

An issue was discovered in ASUSTOR exFAT Driver through 1.0.0.r20. When conducting license validation, exfat.cgi and exfatctl fail to properly validate server responses and pass unsanitized text to the system shell, resulting in code execution as root.

yt-dlp is a feature-rich command-line audio/video downloader. In versions 2025.06.25 and below, when the --exec option is used on Windows with the default placeholder (or {}), insufficient sanitization is applied to the expanded filepath, allowing for remote code execution. This is a bypass of the mitigation for CVE-2024-22423 where the default placeholder and {} were not covered by the new escaping rules. Windows users who are unable to upgrade should avoid using --exec altogether. Instead, the --write-info-json or --dump-json options could be used, with an external script or command line consuming the JSON output. This is fixed in version 2025.07.21.