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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2022-39428

Summary
Assigner-oracle
Assigner Org ID-43595867-4340-4103-b7a2-9a5208d29a85
Published At-18 Oct, 2022 | 00:00
Updated At-17 Sep, 2024 | 14:19
Rejected At-
Credits

Vulnerability in the Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Upload). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.11. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:oracle
Assigner Org ID:43595867-4340-4103-b7a2-9a5208d29a85
Published At:18 Oct, 2022 | 00:00
Updated At:17 Sep, 2024 | 14:19
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)

Vulnerability in the Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Upload). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.11. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Affected Products
Vendor
Oracle CorporationOracle Corporation
Product
Web Applications Desktop Integrator
Versions
Affected
  • 12.2.3-12.2.11
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
textN/AEasily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator.
Type: text
CWE ID: N/A
Description: Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator.
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
3.19.8CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Version: 3.1
Base score: 9.8
Base severity: CRITICAL
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2022.html
N/A
Hyperlink: https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2022.html
Resource: N/A
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
1. CVE Program Container
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2022.html
x_transferred
Hyperlink: https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2022.html
Resource:
x_transferred
2. CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:secalert_us@oracle.com
Published At:18 Oct, 2022 | 21:15
Updated At:20 Oct, 2022 | 05:33

Vulnerability in the Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Upload). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.11. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Web Applications Desktop Integrator. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Primary3.19.8CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Type: Primary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 9.8
Base severity: CRITICAL
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CPE Matches

Oracle Corporation
oracle
>>web_applications_desktop_integrator>>Versions from 12.2.3(inclusive) to 12.2.11(inclusive)
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:web_applications_desktop_integrator:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
NVD-CWE-noinfoPrimarynvd@nist.gov
CWE ID: NVD-CWE-noinfo
Type: Primary
Source: nvd@nist.gov
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2022.htmlsecalert_us@oracle.com
Patch
Vendor Advisory
Hyperlink: https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2022.html
Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
Resource:
Patch
Vendor Advisory

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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CWE ID-CWE-121
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CWE ID-CWE-787
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CVE-2019-2725
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-94.47% / 100.00%
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7 Day CHG~0.00%
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KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
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Action-Not Available
Vendor-Oracle Corporation
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CWE ID-CWE-74
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
CVE-2019-2729
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-94.36% / 99.97%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-19 Jun, 2019 | 22:24
Updated-15 Oct, 2024 | 19:01
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Vulnerability in the Oracle WebLogic Server component of Oracle Fusion Middleware (subcomponent: Web Services). Supported versions that are affected are 10.3.6.0.0, 12.1.3.0.0 and 12.2.1.3.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle WebLogic Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle WebLogic Server. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Oracle Corporation
Product-communications_diameter_signaling_routerstoragetek_tape_analytics_sw_toolpeoplesoft_enterprise_peopletoolsweblogic_serverrapid_planningtape_library_acslscommunications_network_integrityidentity_managerhyperion_infrastructure_technologyWebLogic Server
CWE ID-CWE-284
Improper Access Control
CVE-2015-4852
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-92.95% / 99.78%
||
7 Day CHG+0.36%
Published-18 Nov, 2015 | 15:00
Updated-21 Apr, 2026 | 19:14
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
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Known KEV||Action Due Date - 2022-05-03||Apply updates per vendor instructions.

The WLS Security component in Oracle WebLogic Server 10.3.6.0, 12.1.2.0, 12.1.3.0, and 12.2.1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted serialized Java object in T3 protocol traffic to TCP port 7001, related to oracle_common/modules/com.bea.core.apache.commons.collections.jar. NOTE: the scope of this CVE is limited to the WebLogic Server product.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aOracle Corporation
Product-virtual_desktop_infrastructureweblogic_serverstoragetek_tape_analytics_sw_tooln/aWebLogic Server
CWE ID-CWE-502
Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVE-2019-20330
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-1.91% / 83.61%
||
7 Day CHG+0.05%
Published-03 Jan, 2020 | 03:35
Updated-05 Aug, 2024 | 02:39
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

FasterXML jackson-databind 2.x before 2.9.10.2 lacks certain net.sf.ehcache blocking.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aDebian GNU/LinuxOracle CorporationFasterXML, LLC.NetApp, Inc.
Product-global_lifecycle_management_opatchretail_sales_auditcommunications_contacts_serverprimavera_unifiercommunications_cloud_native_core_network_slice_selection_functiononcommand_api_servicescommunications_billing_and_revenue_managementsiebel_engineering_-_installer_\&_deploymentjd_edwards_enterpriseone_orchestratorsiebel_ui_frameworkcommunications_network_charging_and_controlactive_iq_unified_managerbanking_platformcommunications_instant_messaging_serverretail_merchandising_systemsnapcentersteelstore_cloud_integrated_storagedebian_linuxweblogic_serverjackson-databindtrace_file_analyzergoldengate_stream_analyticsretail_xstore_point_of_servicecustomer_management_and_segmentation_foundationcommunications_evolved_communications_application_servergoldengate_application_adaptersservice_level_managerjd_edwards_enterpriseone_toolsenterprise_manager_base_platformwebcenter_portaln/a
CWE ID-CWE-502
Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVE-2019-19646
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-9.46% / 92.94%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-09 Dec, 2019 | 18:36
Updated-05 Aug, 2024 | 02:25
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

pragma.c in SQLite through 3.30.1 mishandles NOT NULL in an integrity_check PRAGMA command in certain cases of generated columns.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-sqliten/aNetApp, Inc.Oracle CorporationTenable, Inc.Siemens AG
Product-sinec_infrastructure_network_servicescloud_backupsqliteontap_select_deploy_administration_utilitytenable.scmysql_workbenchn/a
CWE ID-CWE-754
Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
CVE-2015-2590
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
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Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-66.62% / 98.56%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-16 Jul, 2015 | 10:00
Updated-21 Apr, 2026 | 18:07
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Known KEV||Action Due Date - 2022-03-24||Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Unspecified vulnerability in Oracle Java SE 6u95, 7u80, and 8u45, and Java SE Embedded 7u75 and 8u33 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to Libraries, a different vulnerability than CVE-2015-4732.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aOracle CorporationopenSUSECanonical Ltd.Debian GNU/LinuxSUSERed Hat, Inc.
Product-enterprise_linux_eusdebian_linuxubuntu_linuxenterprise_linux_for_power_little_endianjrelinux_enterprise_desktopenterprise_linux_server_tusenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systemsenterprise_linux_desktopenterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_euslinux_enterprise_debuginfoenterprise_linux_for_power_big_endianlinux_enterprise_serverenterprise_linux_server_ausenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eussatellitejdkenterprise_linux_serverenterprise_linux_workstationenterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eusopensusen/aJava SE
CVE-2019-19317
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-0.98% / 77.12%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-05 Dec, 2019 | 13:53
Updated-05 Aug, 2024 | 02:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

lookupName in resolve.c in SQLite 3.30.1 omits bits from the colUsed bitmask in the case of a generated column, which allows attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-sqliten/aNetApp, Inc.Oracle CorporationSiemens AG
Product-sinec_infrastructure_network_servicescloud_backupsqliteontap_select_deploy_administration_utilitymysql_workbenchn/a
CWE ID-CWE-681
Incorrect Conversion between Numeric Types
CVE-2019-17495
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-11.56% / 93.75%
||
7 Day CHG-3.37%
Published-10 Oct, 2019 | 21:04
Updated-05 Aug, 2024 | 01:40
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) injection vulnerability in Swagger UI before 3.23.11 allows attackers to use the Relative Path Overwrite (RPO) technique to perform CSS-based input field value exfiltration, such as exfiltration of a CSRF token value. In other words, this product intentionally allows the embedding of untrusted JSON data from remote servers, but it was not previously known that <style>@import within the JSON data was a functional attack method.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-smartbearn/aOracle Corporation
Product-banking_apisbanking_digital_experienceprimavera_gatewayswagger_uibanking_platformutilities_frameworkn/a
CWE ID-CWE-352
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
CVE-2019-14893
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.98% / 77.09%
||
7 Day CHG+0.03%
Published-02 Mar, 2020 | 20:11
Updated-05 Aug, 2024 | 00:26
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A flaw was discovered in FasterXML jackson-databind in all versions before 2.9.10 and 2.10.0, where it would permit polymorphic deserialization of malicious objects using the xalan JNDI gadget when used in conjunction with polymorphic type handling methods such as `enableDefaultTyping()` or when @JsonTypeInfo is using `Id.CLASS` or `Id.MINIMAL_CLASS` or in any other way which ObjectMapper.readValue might instantiate objects from unsafe sources. An attacker could use this flaw to execute arbitrary code.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Red Hat, Inc.Oracle CorporationFasterXML, LLC.NetApp, Inc.
Product-jackson-databindgoldengate_stream_analyticsoncommand_api_servicessteelstore_cloud_integrated_storagejackson-databind
CWE ID-CWE-200
Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
CWE ID-CWE-502
Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVE-2021-43527
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Mozilla Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Mozilla Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-5.24% / 90.11%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-08 Dec, 2021 | 00:00
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 03:55
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

NSS (Network Security Services) versions prior to 3.73 or 3.68.1 ESR are vulnerable to a heap overflow when handling DER-encoded DSA or RSA-PSS signatures. Applications using NSS for handling signatures encoded within CMS, S/MIME, PKCS \#7, or PKCS \#12 are likely to be impacted. Applications using NSS for certificate validation or other TLS, X.509, OCSP or CRL functionality may be impacted, depending on how they configure NSS. *Note: This vulnerability does NOT impact Mozilla Firefox.* However, email clients and PDF viewers that use NSS for signature verification, such as Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Evolution and Evince are believed to be impacted. This vulnerability affects NSS < 3.73 and NSS < 3.68.1.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-starwindsoftwareMozilla CorporationNetApp, Inc.Oracle Corporation
Product-communications_cloud_native_core_network_slice_selection_functionstarwind_virtual_sancloud_backupe-series_santricity_os_controllercommunications_cloud_native_core_network_repository_functionnss_esrcommunications_cloud_native_core_binding_support_functionstarwind_san_\&_nascommunications_policy_managementnssNSS
CWE ID-CWE-787
Out-of-bounds Write
CVE-2019-12260
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-30.71% / 96.80%
||
7 Day CHG+3.56%
Published-09 Aug, 2019 | 20:18
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 23:17
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Wind River VxWorks 6.9 and vx7 has a Buffer Overflow in the TCP component (issue 2 of 4). This is an IPNET security vulnerability: TCP Urgent Pointer state confusion caused by a malformed TCP AO option.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-beldenwindrivern/aNetApp, Inc.Oracle CorporationSonicWall Inc.Siemens AG
Product-power_meter_9810_firmwarehirschmann_rsp20ruggedcom_win7025_firmwarehirschmann_ees25sonicoshirschmann_grs1030hirschmann_grs1142ruggedcom_win7018_firmwarehirschmann_rspe32hirschmann_grs1130garrettcom_magnum_dx940ehirschmann_rspe35hirschmann_eesx20hirschmann_rspe37ruggedcom_win7018power_meter_9410_firmwarehirschmann_grs1042siprotec_5_firmwareruggedcom_win7000ruggedcom_win7200hirschmann_rsp35garrettcom_magnum_dx940e_firmwaree-series_santricity_os_controllervxworkshirschmann_msp40hirschmann_octopus_os3hirschmann_rsp30communications_eaglehirschmann_dragon_mach4000hirschmann_dragon_mach4500hirschmann_msp32hirschmann_rsp25hirschmann_rail_switch_power_smarthirschmann_eesx30hirschmann_grs1020hirschmann_rail_switch_power_litehirschmann_eagle20hirschmann_eagle30hirschmann_hiosruggedcom_win7025hirschmann_rspe30hirschmann_eagle_oneruggedcom_win7200_firmwaresiprotec_5hirschmann_ees20hirschmann_red25power_meter_9410power_meter_9810ruggedcom_win7000_firmwarehirschmann_msp30hirschmann_grs1120n/a
CWE ID-CWE-120
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
CVE-2019-12419
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apache Software Foundation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apache Software Foundation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-11.04% / 93.55%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-06 Nov, 2019 | 20:18
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 23:17
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Apache CXF before 3.3.4 and 3.2.11 provides all of the components that are required to build a fully fledged OpenId Connect service. There is a vulnerability in the access token services, where it does not validate that the authenticated principal is equal to that of the supplied clientId parameter in the request. If a malicious client was able to somehow steal an authorization code issued to another client, then they could exploit this vulnerability to obtain an access token for the other client.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-The Apache Software FoundationOracle Corporation
Product-retail_order_brokerflexcube_private_bankingcxfcommerce_guided_searchenterprise_manager_base_platformApache CXF
CWE ID-CWE-863
Incorrect Authorization
CVE-2019-10746
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Snyk
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Snyk
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-1.13% / 78.63%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-23 Aug, 2019 | 16:43
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 22:32
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

mixin-deep is vulnerable to Prototype Pollution in versions before 1.3.2 and version 2.0.0. The function mixin-deep could be tricked into adding or modifying properties of Object.prototype using a constructor payload.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-mixin-deep_projectn/aOracle CorporationFedora Project
Product-communications_cloud_native_core_network_function_cloud_native_environmentfedoramixin-deepmixin-deep
CWE ID-CWE-88
Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
CVE-2014-6271
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Debian GNU/Linux
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Debian GNU/Linux
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-94.22% / 99.93%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-24 Sep, 2014 | 18:00
Updated-22 Apr, 2026 | 16:07
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Known KEV||Action Due Date - 2022-07-28||Apply updates per vendor instructions.

GNU Bash through 4.3 processes trailing strings after function definitions in the values of environment variables, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted environment, as demonstrated by vectors involving the ForceCommand feature in OpenSSH sshd, the mod_cgi and mod_cgid modules in the Apache HTTP Server, scripts executed by unspecified DHCP clients, and other situations in which setting the environment occurs across a privilege boundary from Bash execution, aka "ShellShock." NOTE: the original fix for this issue was incorrect; CVE-2014-7169 has been assigned to cover the vulnerability that is still present after the incorrect fix.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-mageian/aOracle CorporationGNUVMware (Broadcom Inc.)Citrix (Cloud Software Group, Inc.)Canonical Ltd.Debian GNU/LinuxNovellApple Inc.Arista Networks, Inc.SUSECheck Point Software Technologies Ltd.QNAP Systems, Inc.openSUSEF5, Inc.IBM CorporationRed Hat, Inc.
Product-big-ip_application_acceleration_managerbig-ip_advanced_firewall_managerstn6800storwize_v7000_firmwareenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systemsbashmageiabig-ip_wan_optimization_managerstorwize_v3500stn7800_firmwarebig-ip_protocol_security_moduleenterprise_linux_serverenterprise_linux_workstationstorwize_v3700storwize_v3700_firmwarebig-ip_global_traffic_managergluster_storage_server_for_on-premisebig-ip_edge_gatewayopensusestorwize_v3500_firmwareenterprise_managertraffix_signaling_delivery_controllerbig-iq_devicevcenter_server_applianceenterprise_linux_desktopstn7800san_volume_controllerlinux_enterprise_serversecurity_access_manager_for_web_8.0_firmwareenterprise_linux_server_aussan_volume_controller_firmwaresoftware_defined_network_for_virtual_environmentsbig-iq_cloudlinux_enterprise_software_development_kitnetscaler_sdxqtsbig-ip_analyticsbig-ip_local_traffic_managerstudio_onsitebig-ip_access_policy_managerlinuxinfosphere_guardium_database_activity_monitoringqradar_risk_managerubuntu_linuxarxeosenterprise_linux_server_tusbig-iq_securityqradar_vulnerability_managerstn6500enterprise_linux_server_from_rhuistn6800_firmwareflex_system_v7000flex_system_v7000_firmwarenetscaler_sdx_firmwarestn6500_firmwarestorwize_v5000security_access_manager_for_mobile_8.0_firmwarestarter_kit_for_cloudenterprise_linux_eusvirtualizationsecurity_access_manager_for_web_7.0_firmwaresmartcloud_entry_appliancebig-ip_application_security_managerdebian_linuxlinux_enterprise_desktopmac_os_xzenworks_configuration_managementesxbig-ip_webacceleratorenterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eusenterprise_linux_for_power_big_endianworkload_deployerqradar_security_information_and_event_managerarx_firmwarestorwize_v5000_firmwaresecurity_gatewaybig-ip_policy_enforcement_managersmartcloud_provisioningpureapplication_systemstorwize_v7000open_enterprise_serverenterprise_linux_for_scientific_computingbig-ip_link_controllerenterprise_linuxn/aBourne-Again Shell (Bash)
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2014-7169
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-89.06% / 99.54%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-25 Sep, 2014 | 01:00
Updated-22 Apr, 2026 | 14:32
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Known KEV||Action Due Date - 2022-07-28||Apply updates per vendor instructions.

GNU Bash through 4.3 bash43-025 processes trailing strings after certain malformed function definitions in the values of environment variables, which allows remote attackers to write to files or possibly have unknown other impact via a crafted environment, as demonstrated by vectors involving the ForceCommand feature in OpenSSH sshd, the mod_cgi and mod_cgid modules in the Apache HTTP Server, scripts executed by unspecified DHCP clients, and other situations in which setting the environment occurs across a privilege boundary from Bash execution. NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2014-6271.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-mageian/aOracle CorporationGNUVMware (Broadcom Inc.)Citrix (Cloud Software Group, Inc.)Canonical Ltd.Debian GNU/LinuxNovellApple Inc.Arista Networks, Inc.SUSECheck Point Software Technologies Ltd.QNAP Systems, Inc.openSUSEF5, Inc.IBM CorporationRed Hat, Inc.
Product-big-ip_application_acceleration_managerbig-ip_advanced_firewall_managerstn6800storwize_v7000_firmwareenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systemsbashmageiabig-ip_wan_optimization_managerstorwize_v3500stn7800_firmwarebig-ip_protocol_security_moduleenterprise_linux_serverenterprise_linux_workstationstorwize_v3700storwize_v3700_firmwarebig-ip_global_traffic_managergluster_storage_server_for_on-premisebig-ip_edge_gatewayopensusestorwize_v3500_firmwareenterprise_managertraffix_signaling_delivery_controllerbig-iq_devicevcenter_server_applianceenterprise_linux_desktopstn7800san_volume_controllerlinux_enterprise_serversecurity_access_manager_for_web_8.0_firmwareenterprise_linux_server_aussan_volume_controller_firmwaresoftware_defined_network_for_virtual_environmentsbig-iq_cloudlinux_enterprise_software_development_kitnetscaler_sdxqtsbig-ip_analyticsbig-ip_local_traffic_managerstudio_onsitebig-ip_access_policy_managerlinuxinfosphere_guardium_database_activity_monitoringqradar_risk_managerubuntu_linuxarxeosenterprise_linux_server_tusbig-iq_securityqradar_vulnerability_managerstn6500enterprise_linux_server_from_rhuistn6800_firmwareflex_system_v7000flex_system_v7000_firmwarenetscaler_sdx_firmwarestn6500_firmwarestorwize_v5000security_access_manager_for_mobile_8.0_firmwarestarter_kit_for_cloudenterprise_linux_eusvirtualizationsecurity_access_manager_for_web_7.0_firmwaresmartcloud_entry_appliancebig-ip_application_security_managerdebian_linuxlinux_enterprise_desktopmac_os_xzenworks_configuration_managementesxbig-ip_webacceleratorenterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eusenterprise_linux_for_power_big_endianworkload_deployerqradar_security_information_and_event_managerarx_firmwarestorwize_v5000_firmwaresecurity_gatewaybig-ip_policy_enforcement_managersmartcloud_provisioningpureapplication_systemstorwize_v7000open_enterprise_serverenterprise_linux_for_scientific_computingbig-ip_link_controllerenterprise_linuxn/aBourne-Again Shell (Bash)
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2019-1010238
Matching Score-8
Assigner-7556d962-6fb7-411e-85fa-6cd62f095ba8
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-7556d962-6fb7-411e-85fa-6cd62f095ba8
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-3.69% / 88.13%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-19 Jul, 2019 | 16:42
Updated-05 Aug, 2024 | 03:07
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Gnome Pango 1.42 and later is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: The heap based buffer overflow can be used to get code execution. The component is: function name: pango_log2vis_get_embedding_levels, assignment of nchars and the loop condition. The attack vector is: Bug can be used when application pass invalid utf-8 strings to functions like pango_itemize.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Canonical Ltd.Debian GNU/LinuxThe GNOME ProjectFedora ProjectOracle CorporationRed Hat, Inc.
Product-enterprise_linux_serverubuntu_linuxdebian_linuxsd-wan_edgeopenshift_container_platformenterprise_linux_server_ausfedoraenterprise_linuxenterprise_linux_workstationenterprise_linux_euspangoenterprise_linux_server_tusenterprise_linux_desktopPango
CWE ID-CWE-787
Out-of-bounds Write
CVE-2019-10173
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
CVSS Score-7.3||HIGH
EPSS-92.75% / 99.77%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-23 Jul, 2019 | 12:50
Updated-14 May, 2025 | 20:02
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

It was found that xstream API version 1.4.10 before 1.4.11 introduced a regression for a previous deserialization flaw. If the security framework has not been initialized, it may allow a remote attacker to run arbitrary shell commands when unmarshalling XML or any supported format. e.g. JSON. (regression of CVE-2013-7285)

Action-Not Available
Vendor-xstreamxstreamOracle Corporation
Product-business_activity_monitoringendeca_information_discovery_studioretail_xstore_point_of_servicexstreamutilities_frameworkcommunications_diameter_signaling_routerwebcenter_portalbanking_platformcommunications_unified_inventory_managementcommunications_billing_and_revenue_management_elastic_charging_enginexstream
CWE ID-CWE-502
Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CWE ID-CWE-94
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CVE-2019-0228
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apache Software Foundation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apache Software Foundation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-13.03% / 94.20%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-17 Apr, 2019 | 14:07
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 17:44
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Apache PDFBox 2.0.14 does not properly initialize the XML parser, which allows context-dependent attackers to conduct XML External Entity (XXE) attacks via a crafted XFDF.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aThe Apache Software FoundationFedora ProjectOracle Corporation
Product-banking_trade_finance_process_managementpeoplesoft_enterprise_peopletoolsbanking_supply_chain_financepdfboxcommunications_messaging_serverhyperion_financial_reportingfedoraretail_xstore_point_of_servicejamesbanking_corporate_lending_process_managementcommunications_session_report_managerwebcenter_sitesbanking_credit_facilities_process_managementbanking_virtual_account_managementApache PDFBox
CWE ID-CWE-611
Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
CVE-2018-8088
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-2.04% / 84.11%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-20 Mar, 2018 | 00:00
Updated-05 Aug, 2024 | 06:46
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

org.slf4j.ext.EventData in the slf4j-ext module in QOS.CH SLF4J before 1.8.0-beta2 allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via crafted data. EventData in the slf4j-ext module in QOS.CH SLF4J, has been fixed in SLF4J versions 1.7.26 later and in the 2.0.x series.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-qosn/aOracle CorporationRed Hat, Inc.
Product-enterprise_linux_servervirtualizationenterprise_linux_server_ausenterprise_linux_workstationenterprise_linuxvirtualization_hostslf4jgoldengate_stream_analyticsenterprise_linux_eusgoldengate_application_adaptersenterprise_linux_server_tusjboss_enterprise_application_platformenterprise_linux_desktoputilities_frameworkn/a
CVE-2013-7285
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-18.77% / 95.40%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-15 May, 2019 | 16:54
Updated-23 May, 2025 | 16:54
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Xstream API versions up to 1.4.6 and version 1.4.10, if the security framework has not been initialized, may allow a remote attacker to run arbitrary shell commands by manipulating the processed input stream when unmarshaling XML or any supported format. e.g. JSON.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-xstreamn/aOracle CorporationThe Apache Software Foundation
Product-endeca_information_discovery_studioxstreamactivemqn/a
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2013-2465
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-93.22% / 99.81%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-18 Jun, 2013 | 22:00
Updated-22 Apr, 2026 | 13:08
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Known KEV||Action Due Date - 2022-04-18||Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Unspecified vulnerability in the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) component in Oracle Java SE 7 Update 21 and earlier, 6 Update 45 and earlier, and 5.0 Update 45 and earlier, and OpenJDK 7, allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to 2D. NOTE: the previous information is from the June 2013 CPU. Oracle has not commented on claims from another vendor that this issue allows remote attackers to bypass the Java sandbox via vectors related to "Incorrect image channel verification" in 2D.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aOracle CorporationSun Microsystems (Oracle Corporation)SUSE
Product-linux_enterprise_desktopjrelinux_enterprise_serverlinux_enterprise_javalinux_enterprise_software_development_kitn/aJava SE
CWE ID-CWE-693
Protection Mechanism Failure
CVE-2013-2251
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
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Matching Score-8
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-94.33% / 99.95%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-18 Jul, 2013 | 01:00
Updated-22 Apr, 2026 | 14:39
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Known KEV||Action Due Date - 2022-04-15||Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.15 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OGNL expressions via a parameter with a crafted (1) action:, (2) redirect:, or (3) redirectAction: prefix.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aOracle CorporationMicrosoft CorporationFujitsu LimitedThe Apache Software FoundationRed Hat, Inc.
Product-archivawindows_server_2008strutssiebel_apps_-_e-billinginterstage_business_process_manager_analyticssolarisenterprise_linuxwindows_server_2012windows_server_2003n/aStruts
CWE ID-CWE-74
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
CVE-2018-20033
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Flexera Software LLC
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Matching Score-8
Assigner-Flexera Software LLC
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-4.37% / 89.13%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-25 Feb, 2019 | 20:00
Updated-17 Sep, 2024 | 02:11
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A Remote Code Execution vulnerability in lmgrd and vendor daemon components of FlexNet Publisher version 11.16.1.0 and earlier could allow a remote attacker to corrupt the memory by allocating / deallocating memory, loading lmgrd or the vendor daemon and causing the heartbeat between lmgrd and the vendor daemon to stop. This would force the vendor daemon to shut down. No exploit of this vulnerability has been demonstrated.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-flexeraFlexera Software LLCOracle Corporation
Product-communications_lsmsflexnet_publisherFlexNet Publisher
CWE ID-CWE-770
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVE-2020-9480
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apache Software Foundation
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Matching Score-8
Assigner-Apache Software Foundation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-88.27% / 99.51%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-23 Jun, 2020 | 21:50
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 10:26
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

In Apache Spark 2.4.5 and earlier, a standalone resource manager's master may be configured to require authentication (spark.authenticate) via a shared secret. When enabled, however, a specially-crafted RPC to the master can succeed in starting an application's resources on the Spark cluster, even without the shared key. This can be leveraged to execute shell commands on the host machine. This does not affect Spark clusters using other resource managers (YARN, Mesos, etc).

Action-Not Available
Vendor-The Apache Software FoundationOracle Corporation
Product-sparkbusiness_intelligenceApache Spark
CWE ID-CWE-306
Missing Authentication for Critical Function
CVE-2020-29507
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Dell
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Matching Score-8
Assigner-Dell
CVSS Score-5.3||MEDIUM
EPSS-1.25% / 79.61%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Jul, 2022 | 19:25
Updated-16 Sep, 2024 | 20:22
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Dell BSAFE Crypto-C Micro Edition, versions before 4.1.4, and Dell BSAFE Micro Edition Suite, versions before 4.4, contain an Improper Input Validation Vulnerability.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Oracle CorporationDell Inc.
Product-http_serverweblogic_server_proxy_plug-inbsafe_crypto-c-micro-editiondatabasebsafe_micro-edition-suitesecurity_serviceDell BSAFE Crypto-C Micro Edition
CWE ID-CWE-20
Improper Input Validation
CVE-2020-2551
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
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Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-94.41% / 99.98%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-15 Jan, 2020 | 16:34
Updated-12 Jan, 2026 | 21:12
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Known KEV||Action Due Date - 2023-12-07||Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Vulnerability in the Oracle WebLogic Server product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: WLS Core Components). Supported versions that are affected are 10.3.6.0.0, 12.1.3.0.0, 12.2.1.3.0 and 12.2.1.4.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via IIOP to compromise Oracle WebLogic Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle WebLogic Server. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Oracle Corporation
Product-weblogic_serverWebLogic ServerFusion Middleware
CVE-2017-9841
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
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Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-94.21% / 99.92%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-27 Jun, 2017 | 17:00
Updated-21 Apr, 2026 | 18:00
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Known KEV||Action Due Date - 2022-08-15||Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Util/PHP/eval-stdin.php in PHPUnit before 4.8.28 and 5.x before 5.6.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via HTTP POST data beginning with a "<?php " substring, as demonstrated by an attack on a site with an exposed /vendor folder, i.e., external access to the /vendor/phpunit/phpunit/src/Util/PHP/eval-stdin.php URI.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-phpunit_projectn/aPHPUnitOracle Corporation
Product-communications_diameter_signaling_routerphpunitn/aPHPUnit
CWE ID-CWE-94
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CVE-2020-14855
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-Oracle
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-5.09% / 89.95%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-21 Oct, 2020 | 14:04
Updated-26 Sep, 2024 | 20:10
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Vulnerability in the Oracle Universal Work Queue product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Work Provider Administration). The supported version that is affected is 12.1.3. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Universal Work Queue. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Universal Work Queue. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Oracle Corporation
Product-universal_work_queueUniversal Work Queue
CVE-2019-12261
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-8
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-9.8||CRITICAL
EPSS-11.95% / 93.87%
||
7 Day CHG-0.20%
Published-09 Aug, 2019 | 20:27
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 23:17
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Wind River VxWorks 6.7 though 6.9 and vx7 has a Buffer Overflow in the TCP component (issue 3 of 4). This is an IPNET security vulnerability: TCP Urgent Pointer state confusion during connect() to a remote host.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-beldenwindrivern/aNetApp, Inc.Oracle CorporationSonicWall Inc.Siemens AG
Product-power_meter_9810_firmwarehirschmann_rsp20ruggedcom_win7025_firmwarehirschmann_ees25sonicoshirschmann_grs1030hirschmann_grs1142ruggedcom_win7018_firmwarehirschmann_rspe32hirschmann_grs1130garrettcom_magnum_dx940ehirschmann_rspe35hirschmann_eesx20hirschmann_rspe37ruggedcom_win7018power_meter_9410_firmwarehirschmann_grs1042siprotec_5_firmwareruggedcom_win7000ruggedcom_win7200hirschmann_rsp35garrettcom_magnum_dx940e_firmwaree-series_santricity_os_controllervxworkshirschmann_msp40hirschmann_octopus_os3hirschmann_rsp30communications_eaglehirschmann_dragon_mach4000hirschmann_dragon_mach4500hirschmann_msp32hirschmann_rsp25hirschmann_rail_switch_power_smarthirschmann_eesx30hirschmann_grs1020hirschmann_rail_switch_power_litehirschmann_eagle20hirschmann_eagle30hirschmann_hiosruggedcom_win7025hirschmann_rspe30hirschmann_eagle_oneruggedcom_win7200_firmwaresiprotec_5hirschmann_ees20hirschmann_red25power_meter_9410power_meter_9810ruggedcom_win7000_firmwarehirschmann_msp30hirschmann_grs1120n/a
CWE ID-CWE-120
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
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