An authenticated malicious user could initiate multiple concurrent requests, each requesting multiple dashboard exports, leading to a possible denial of service. This issue affects Apache Superset: before 3.0.0

Laravel Nova 3.7.0 contains a denial of service vulnerability that allows authenticated users to crash the application by manipulating the 'range' parameter. Attackers can send simultaneous requests with an extremely high range value to overwhelm and crash the server.

Discourse is an open-source discussion platform. Prior to version 3.1.1 of the `stable` branch and version 3.2.0.beta1 of the `beta` and `tests-passed` branches, importing a remote theme loads their assets into memory without enforcing limits for file size or number of files. The issue is patched in version 3.1.1 of the `stable` branch and version 3.2.0.beta1 of the `beta` and `tests-passed` branches. There are no known workarounds.

Discourse is an open-source discussion platform. Prior to version 3.1.1 of the `stable` branch and version 3.2.0.beta1 of the `beta` and `tests-passed` branches, a malicious user could add a 2FA or security key with a carefully crafted name to their account and cause a denial of service for other users. The issue is patched in version 3.1.1 of the `stable` branch and version 3.2.0.beta1 of the `beta` and `tests-passed` branches. There are no known workarounds.

Discourse is an open-source discussion platform. Prior to version 3.1.1 of the `stable` branch and version 3.2.0.beta1 of the `beta` and `tests-passed` branches, a malicious admin could create extremely large icons sprites, which would then be cached in each server process. This may cause server processes to be killed and lead to downtime. The issue is patched in version 3.1.1 of the `stable` branch and version 3.2.0.beta1 of the `beta` and `tests-passed` branches. This is only a concern for multisite installations. No action is required when the admins are trusted.

A vulnerability in Atomix v3.1.5 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (DoS) via a Raft session flooding attack using Raft OpenSessionRequest messages.

A flaw was found in glusterfs server through versions 4.1.4 and 3.1.2 which allowed repeated usage of GF_META_LOCK_KEY xattr. A remote, authenticated attacker could use this flaw to create multiple locks for single inode by using setxattr repetitively resulting in memory exhaustion of glusterfs server node.

Discourse is an open source discussion platform. Prior to version 3.0.6 of the `stable` branch and version 3.1.0.beta7 of the `beta` and `tests-passed` branches, a malicious user can prevent the defer queue from proceeding promptly on sites hosted in the same multisite installation. The issue is patched in version 3.0.6 of the `stable` branch and version 3.1.0.beta7 of the `beta` and `tests-passed` branches. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. Users of multisite configurations should upgrade.

An allocation of resources without limits or throttling vulnerability [CWE-770] in FortiPAM 1.0 all versions allows an authenticated attacker to perform a denial of service attack via sending crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests in a high frequency.

Discourse is an open-source discussion platform. Prior to version 3.1.1 of the `stable` branch and version 3.2.0.beta1 of the `beta` and `tests-passed` branches, a malicious user can create an unlimited number of drafts with very long draft keys which may end up exhausting the resources on the server. The issue is patched in version 3.1.1 of the `stable` branch and version 3.2.0.beta1 of the `beta` and `tests-passed` branches. There are no known workarounds.

In all Kubernetes versions prior to v1.11.8, v1.12.6, and v1.13.4, users that are authorized to make patch requests to the Kubernetes API Server can send a specially crafted patch of type "json-patch" (e.g. `kubectl patch --type json` or `"Content-Type: application/json-patch+json"`) that consumes excessive resources while processing, causing a Denial of Service on the API Server.

OpenClaw before 2026.4.8 contains improper input validation in base64 decode paths that allocate memory before enforcing decoded-size limits. Attackers can exploit multiple code paths to cause memory exhaustion or denial of service through crafted base64-encoded input.

A vulnerability was found in wallabag 2.5.4. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /config of the component Profile Config. The manipulation of the argument Name leads to allocation of resources. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-233359. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

OpenClaw before 2026.3.31 contains a resource exhaustion vulnerability in media downloads that bypasses core safety limits for file size, count, and cleanup operations. Attackers can exhaust disk space by downloading media files without triggering intended safety restrictions, causing availability impact.

MinIO is a high-performance object storage system. From RELEASE.2018-08-18T03-49-57Z to before RELEASE.2025-12-20T04-58-37Z, MinIO's S3 Select feature is vulnerable to memory exhaustion when processing CSV files containing lines longer than available memory. The CSV reader's nextSplit() function calls bufio.Reader.ReadBytes('\n') with no size limit, buffering the entire input in memory until a newline is found. A CSV file with no newline characters causes the entire contents to be read into a single allocation, leading to an OOM crash of the MinIO server process. This is exploitable by any authenticated user with s3:PutObject and s3:GetObject permissions. The attack is especially practical when combined with compression: a ~2 MB gzip-compressed CSV can decompress to gigabytes of data without newlines, allowing a small upload to cause large memory consumption on the server. However, compression is not required — a sufficiently large uncompressed CSV with no newlines triggers the same issue.

IBM Db2 for Linux, UNIX and Windows (includes Db2 Connect Server) 10.5, 11.1, and 11.5 is vulnerable to a denial of service as the server may crash under certain conditions with a specially crafted query.

Directus is a real-time API and App dashboard for managing SQL database content. Prior to 11.17.0, Directus' GraphQL endpoints (/graphql and /graphql/system) did not deduplicate resolver invocations within a single request. An authenticated user could exploit GraphQL aliasing to repeat an expensive relational query many times in a single request, forcing the server to execute a large number of independent complex database queries concurrently, multiplying database load linearly with the number of aliases. The existing token limit on GraphQL queries still permitted enough aliases for significant resource exhaustion, while the relational depth limit applied per alias without reducing the total number executed. Rate limiting is disabled by default, meaning no built-in throttle prevented this from causing CPU, memory, and I/O exhaustion that could degrade or crash the service. Any authenticated user, including those with minimal read-only permissions, could trigger this condition. This vulnerability is fixed in 11.17.0.

vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). From 0.1.0 to before 0.19.0, a Denial of Service vulnerability exists in the vLLM OpenAI-compatible API server. Due to the lack of an upper bound validation on the n parameter in the ChatCompletionRequest and CompletionRequest Pydantic models, an unauthenticated attacker can send a single HTTP request with an astronomically large n value. This completely blocks the Python asyncio event loop and causes immediate Out-Of-Memory crashes by allocating millions of request object copies in the heap before the request even reaches the scheduling queue. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.19.0.

vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). From 0.7.0 to before 0.19.0, the VideoMediaIO.load_base64() method at vllm/multimodal/media/video.py splits video/jpeg data URLs by comma to extract individual JPEG frames, but does not enforce a frame count limit. The num_frames parameter (default: 32), which is enforced by the load_bytes() code path, is completely bypassed in the video/jpeg base64 path. An attacker can send a single API request containing thousands of comma-separated base64-encoded JPEG frames, causing the server to decode all frames into memory and crash with OOM. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.19.0.

TSPortal is the WikiTide Foundation’s in-house platform used by the Trust and Safety team to manage reports, investigations, appeals, and transparency work. Prior to version 34, a flaw in TSPortal allowed attackers to create arbitrary user records in the database by abusing validation logic. While validation correctly rejected invalid usernames, a side effect within a validation rule caused user records to be created regardless of whether the request succeeded. This could be exploited to cause uncontrolled database growth, leading to a potential denial of service (DoS). Version 34 contains a fix for the issue.

Stirling-PDF is a locally hosted web application that allows you to perform various operations on PDF files. Versions starting in 2.1.5 and prior to 2.5.2 have Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability in the Stirling-PDF watermark functionality (`/api/v1/security/add-watermark` endpoint). The vulnerability allows authenticated users to cause resource exhaustion and server crashes by providing extreme values for the `fontSize` and `widthSpacer` parameters. Version 2.5.2 patches the issue.

Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 Active Storage's proxy controller does not limit the number of byte ranges in an HTTP Range header. A request with thousands of small ranges causes disproportionate CPU usage compared to a normal request for the same file, possibly resulting in a DoS vulnerability. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

Sliver is a command and control framework that uses a custom Wireguard netstack. Versions 1.7.3 and below contain a Remote OOM (Out-of-Memory) vulnerability in the Sliver C2 server's mTLS and WireGuard C2 transport layer. The socketReadEnvelope and socketWGReadEnvelope functions trust an attacker-controlled 4-byte length prefix to allocate memory, with ServerMaxMessageSize allowing single allocations of up to ~2 GiB. A compromised implant or an attacker with valid credentials can exploit this by sending fabricated length prefixes over concurrent yamux streams (up to 128 per connection), forcing the server to attempt allocating ~256 GiB of memory and triggering an OS OOM kill. This crashes the Sliver server, disrupts all active implant sessions, and may degrade or kill other processes sharing the same host. The same pattern also affects all implant-side readers, which have no upper-bound check at all. The issue was not fixed at the the time of publication.

Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. Prior to version 6.23.0, a specially crafted storage bucket backup can be used by an user with access to Incus' storage bucket feature to crash the Incus daemon. Repeated use of this attack can be used to keep the server offline causing a denial of service of the control plane API. This does not impact any running workload, existing containers and virtual machines will keep operating. Version 6.23.0 fixes the issue.

An allocation of resources without limits or throttling vulnerability in the Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL-451 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to make the system unavailable for an indefinite amount of time. See product Instruction Manual Appendix A dated 20230830 for more details.

A flaw was found in the Restricted Security Context Constraints (SCC), where it allows pods to craft custom network packets. This flaw allows an attacker to cause a denial of service attack on an OpenShift Container Platform cluster if they can deploy pods. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to system availability.

Netty is an asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients. The `SniHandler` can allocate up to 16MB of heap for each channel during the TLS handshake. When the handler or the channel does not have an idle timeout, it can be used to make a TCP server using the `SniHandler` to allocate 16MB of heap. The `SniHandler` class is a handler that waits for the TLS handshake to configure a `SslHandler` according to the indicated server name by the `ClientHello` record. For this matter it allocates a `ByteBuf` using the value defined in the `ClientHello` record. Normally the value of the packet should be smaller than the handshake packet but there are not checks done here and the way the code is written, it is possible to craft a packet that makes the `SslClientHelloHandler`. This vulnerability has been fixed in version 4.1.94.Final.

An issue was discovered in LibVNCServer before 0.9.13. libvncclient/rfbproto.c does not limit TextChat size.

Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in Apache Software Foundation Apache Struts.This issue affects Apache Struts: through 2.5.30, through 6.1.2. Upgrade to Struts 2.5.31 or 6.1.2.1 or greater.

An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 11.2 before 18.7.5, 18.8 before 18.8.5, and 18.9 before 18.9.1 that could have allowed an authenticated user to cause denial of service by exploiting a Bitbucket Server import endpoint via repeatedly sending large responses.

Mattermost versions 8.1.x before 8.1.12, 9.6.x before 9.6.1, 9.5.x before 9.5.3, 9.4.x before 9.4.5 fail to limit the number of active sessions, which allows an authenticated attacker to crash the server via repeated requests to the getSessions API after flooding the sessions table.

MeterSphere is an open source continuous testing platform. Version 2.9.1 and prior are vulnerable to denial of service. ​The `checkUserPassword` method is used to check whether the password provided by the user matches the password saved in the database, and the `CodingUtil.md5` method is used to encrypt the original password with MD5 to ensure that the password will not be saved in plain text when it is stored. If a user submits a very long password when logging in, the system will be forced to execute the long password MD5 encryption process, causing the server CPU and memory to be exhausted, thereby causing a denial of service attack on the server. This issue is fixed in version 2.10.0-lts with a maximum password length.

Stalwart is a mail and collaboration server. A denial-of-service vulnerability exists in Stalwart Mail Server versions 0.13.0 through 0.15.4 where accessing a specially crafted email containing malformed nested `message/rfc822` MIME parts via IMAP or JMAP causes excessive CPU and memory consumption, potentially leading to an out-of-memory condition and server crash. The malformed structure causes the `mail-parser` crate to produce cyclical references in its parsed representation, which Stalwart then follows indefinitely. Version 0.15.5 contains a patch.

A denial-of-service vulnerability was identified in Moodle’s TeX formula editor. When rendering TeX content using mimetex, insufficient execution time limits could allow specially crafted formulas to consume excessive server resources. An authenticated user could abuse this behavior to degrade performance or cause service interruption.

Navidrome is an open source web-based music collection server and streamer. Prior to version 0.60.0, authenticated users can crash the Navidrome server by supplying an excessively large size parameter to /rest/getCoverArt or to a shared-image URL (/share/img/<token>). When processing such requests, the server attempts to create an extremely large resized image, causing uncontrolled memory growth. This triggers the Linux OOM killer, terminates the Navidrome process, and results in a full service outage. If the system has sufficient memory and survives the allocation, Navidrome then writes these extremely large resized images into its cache directory, allowing an attacker to rapidly exhaust server disk space as well. This issue has been patched in version 0.60.0.

Mattermost Plugins versions <=2.1.3.0 fail to limit the request body size on the {{/changes}} webhook endpoint which allows an authenticated attacker to cause memory exhaustion and denial of service via sending an oversized JSON payload. Mattermost Advisory ID: MMSA-2026-00611

A security issue was discovered in ingress-nginx where the validating admission controller feature is subject to a denial of service condition. By sending large requests to the validating admission controller, an attacker can cause memory consumption, which may result in the ingress-nginx controller pod being killed or the node running out of memory.

Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub. Prior to versions 4.5.5, 4.4.12, and 4.3.18, the server does not enforce a maximum length for the names of lists or filters, or for filter keywords, allowing any user to set an arbitrarily long string as the name or keyword. Any local user can abuse the list or filter fields to cause disproportionate storage and computing resource usage. They can additionally cause their own web interface to be unusable, although they must intentionally do this to themselves or unknowingly approve a malicious API client. Mastodon versions v4.5.5, v4.4.12, v4.3.18 are patched.

Kyverno is a policy engine designed for cloud native platform engineering teams. Versions prior to 1.16.3 and 1.15.3 have unbounded memory consumption in Kyverno's policy engine that allows users with policy creation privileges to cause denial of service by crafting policies that exponentially amplify string data through context variables. Versions 1.16.3 and 1.15.3 contain a patch for the vulnerability.

jsPDF is a library to generate PDFs in JavaScript. Prior to 4.1.0, user control of the first argument of the addImage method results in denial of service. If given the possibility to pass unsanitized image data or URLs to the addImage method, a user can provide a harmful BMP file that results in out of memory errors and denial of service. Harmful BMP files have large width and/or height entries in their headers, which lead to excessive memory allocation. The html method is also affected. The vulnerability has been fixed in jsPDF@4.1.0.

Wyse Management Suite versions prior to 4.0 contain a denial-of-service vulnerability. An authenticated malicious user can flood the configured SMTP server with numerous requests in order to deny access to the system.

vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). In versions from 0.6.4 to before 0.12.0, users can crash the vLLM engine serving multimodal models that use the Idefics3 vision model implementation by sending a specially crafted 1x1 pixel image. This causes a tensor dimension mismatch that results in an unhandled runtime error, leading to complete server termination. This issue has been patched in version 0.12.0.

Inserting certain large documents into a replica set could lead to replica set secondaries not being able to fetch the oplog from the primary. This could stall replication inside the replica set leading to server crash.

GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 8.0 before 18.6.6, 18.7 before 18.7.4, and 18.8 before 18.8.4 that, under certain conditions could have allowed an unauthenticated user to cause denial of service by uploading malicious files.

Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (CWE-770) in Kibana Fleet can lead to Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130) via a specially crafted request. This causes the application to perform redundant processing operations that continuously consume system resources until service degradation or complete unavailability occurs.

IBM Db2 for Linux, UNIX and Windows (includes Db2 Connect Server) 10.5, 11.1, and 11.5 is vulnerable to denial of service with a specially crafted query.

Some HTTP/2 implementations are vulnerable to a header leak, potentially leading to a denial of service. The attacker sends a stream of headers with a 0-length header name and 0-length header value, optionally Huffman encoded into 1-byte or greater headers. Some implementations allocate memory for these headers and keep the allocation alive until the session dies. This can consume excess memory.

Wings is the server control plane for Pterodactyl, a free, open-source game server management panel. Prior to version 1.12.0, websockets within wings lack proper rate limiting and throttling. As a result a malicious user can open a large number of connections and then request data through these sockets, causing an excessive volume of data over the network and overloading the host system memory and cpu. Additionally, there is not a limit applied to the total size of messages being sent or received, allowing a malicious user to open thousands of websocket connections and then send massive volumes of information over the socket, overloading the host network, and causing increased CPU and memory load within Wings. Version 1.12.0 patches the issue.

IBM Security Verify Information Queue 10.0.5, 10.0.6, 10.0.7, and 10.0.8 could allow a remote user to cause a denial of service due to improper handling of special characters that could lead to uncontrolled resource consumption.

Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (CWE-770) in Kibana can allow a low-privileged authenticated user to cause Excessive Allocation (CAPEC-130) of computing resources and a denial of service (DoS) of the Kibana process via a crafted HTTP request.