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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2023-28704

Summary
Assigner-twcert
Assigner Org ID-cded6c7f-6ce5-4948-8f87-aa7a3bbb6b0e
Published At-02 Jun, 2023 | 00:00
Updated At-08 Jan, 2025 | 20:06
Rejected At-
Credits

Furbo dog camera - Command Injection

Furbo dog camera has insufficient filtering for special parameter of device log management function. An unauthenticated remote attacker in the Bluetooth network with normal user privileges can exploit this vulnerability to perform command injection attack to execute arbitrary system commands or disrupt service.

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:twcert
Assigner Org ID:cded6c7f-6ce5-4948-8f87-aa7a3bbb6b0e
Published At:02 Jun, 2023 | 00:00
Updated At:08 Jan, 2025 | 20:06
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)
Furbo dog camera - Command Injection

Furbo dog camera has insufficient filtering for special parameter of device log management function. An unauthenticated remote attacker in the Bluetooth network with normal user privileges can exploit this vulnerability to perform command injection attack to execute arbitrary system commands or disrupt service.

Affected Products
Vendor
Furbo
Product
dog camera fireware
Default Status
unaffected
Versions
Affected
  • 542
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
CWECWE-78CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-78
Description: CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
3.18.8HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Version: 3.1
Base score: 8.8
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
CAPEC-88CAPEC-88 OS Command Injection
CAPEC ID: CAPEC-88
Description: CAPEC-88 OS Command Injection
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

finder
Lee Pu, Weber Tasi, KaiChing Wang (CHT Security)
Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-7153-68f52-1.html
N/A
Hyperlink: https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-7153-68f52-1.html
Resource: N/A
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
1. CVE Program Container
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-7153-68f52-1.html
x_transferred
Hyperlink: https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-7153-68f52-1.html
Resource:
x_transferred
2. CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:twcert@cert.org.tw
Published At:02 Jun, 2023 | 11:15
Updated At:14 Oct, 2024 | 04:15

Furbo dog camera has insufficient filtering for special parameter of device log management function. An unauthenticated remote attacker in the Bluetooth network with normal user privileges can exploit this vulnerability to perform command injection attack to execute arbitrary system commands or disrupt service.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Primary3.18.8HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Type: Primary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 8.8
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CPE Matches

furbo
furbo
>>dog_camera>>-
cpe:2.3:h:furbo:dog_camera:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
furbo
furbo
>>dog_camera_firmware>>542
cpe:2.3:o:furbo:dog_camera_firmware:542:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
CWE-78Secondarytwcert@cert.org.tw
CWE ID: CWE-78
Type: Secondary
Source: twcert@cert.org.tw
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-7153-68f52-1.htmltwcert@cert.org.tw
Third Party Advisory
Hyperlink: https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-7153-68f52-1.html
Source: twcert@cert.org.tw
Resource:
Third Party Advisory

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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Matching Score-4
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EPSS-1.47% / 80.09%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
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Rejected-Not Available
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Product-dap-1325_firmwaredap-1325DAP-1325dap-1325_firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.47% / 80.09%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
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Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
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Matching Score-4
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-TWCERT/CC
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.19% / 41.25%
||
7 Day CHG+0.01%
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Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
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CVE-2023-41193
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.47% / 80.09%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:11
Updated-12 Mar, 2025 | 17:34
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
D-Link DAP-1325 HNAP SetAPLanSettings SecondaryDNS Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

D-Link DAP-1325 HNAP SetAPLanSettings SecondaryDNS Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of a request parameter provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18813.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-D-Link Corporation
Product-dap-1325_firmwaredap-1325DAP-1325dap-1325_firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2025-7382
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Sophos Limited
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-Sophos Limited
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.60% / 68.49%
||
7 Day CHG+0.22%
Published-21 Jul, 2025 | 13:28
Updated-22 Jul, 2025 | 13:06
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A command injection vulnerability in WebAdmin of Sophos Firewall versions older than 21.0 MR2 (21.0.2) can lead to adjacent attackers achieving pre-auth code execution on High Availability (HA) auxiliary devices, if OTP authentication for the admin user is enabled.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Sophos Ltd.
Product-Sophos Firewall
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-41200
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.47% / 80.09%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:11
Updated-12 Mar, 2025 | 17:35
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
D-Link DAP-1325 HNAP SetHostIPv6StaticSettings StaticPrefixLength Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

D-Link DAP-1325 HNAP SetHostIPv6StaticSettings StaticPrefixLength Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of a request parameter provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18820.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-D-Link Corporation
Product-dap-1325_firmwaredap-1325DAP-1325dap-1325
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-41198
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.47% / 80.09%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:11
Updated-12 Mar, 2025 | 17:34
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
D-Link DAP-1325 HNAP SetHostIPv6StaticSettings StaticDNS1 Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

D-Link DAP-1325 HNAP SetHostIPv6StaticSettings StaticDNS1 Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of a request parameter provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18818.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-D-Link Corporation
Product-dap-1325_firmwaredap-1325DAP-1325dap-1325_firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2020-5535
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.50% / 64.89%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-04 Mar, 2020 | 01:35
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 08:30
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

OpenBlocks IoT VX2 prior to Ver.4.0.0 (Ver.3 Series) allows an attacker on the same network segment to execute arbitrary OS commands with root privileges via unspecified vectors.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-plathomePlat'Home Co.,Ltd.
Product-openblocks_iot_vx2openblocks_iot_vx2_firmwareOpenBlocks IoT VX2
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2020-5524
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.22% / 45.04%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-21 Feb, 2020 | 09:15
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 08:30
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Aterm series (Aterm WF1200C firmware Ver1.2.1 and earlier, Aterm WG1200CR firmware Ver1.2.1 and earlier, Aterm WG2600HS firmware Ver1.3.2 and earlier) allows an attacker on the same network segment to execute arbitrary OS commands with root privileges via UPnP function.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-NEC Corporation
Product-aterm_wf1200caterm_wg1200craterm_wg1200cr_firmwareaterm_wg2600hs_firmwareaterm_wf1200c_firmwareaterm_wg2600hsAterm series
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-41194
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.47% / 80.09%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:11
Updated-12 Mar, 2025 | 17:34
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
D-Link DAP-1325 HNAP SetAPLanSettings SubnetMask Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

D-Link DAP-1325 HNAP SetAPLanSettings SubnetMask Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of a request parameter provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18814.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-D-Link Corporation
Product-dap-1325_firmwaredap-1325DAP-1325dap-1325
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2020-5635
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.41% / 60.72%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-14 Dec, 2020 | 02:25
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 08:39
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Aterm SA3500G firmware versions prior to Ver. 3.5.9 allows an attacker on the adjacent network to send a specially crafted request to a specific URL, which may result in an arbitrary command execution.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-NEC Platforms, Ltd.NEC Corporation
Product-aterm_sa3500gaterm_sa3500g_firmwareAterm SA3500G
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-40479
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.58% / 80.84%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:11
Updated-03 Jan, 2025 | 16:35
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
NETGEAR RAX30 UPnP Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

NETGEAR RAX30 UPnP Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR RAX30 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the UPnP service. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-19704.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-NETGEAR, Inc.
Product-rax30_firmwarerax30RAX30rax30_firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-41188
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.47% / 80.09%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:11
Updated-12 Mar, 2025 | 16:59
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
D-Link DAP-1325 HNAP SetAPLanSettings DeviceName Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

D-Link DAP-1325 HNAP SetAPLanSettings DeviceName Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of a request parameter provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18808.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-D-Link Corporation
Product-dap-1325_firmwaredap-1325DAP-1325dap-1325_firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2020-3205
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-Cisco Systems, Inc.
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.40% / 59.91%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 Jun, 2020 | 17:40
Updated-15 Nov, 2024 | 17:19
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Cisco IOS Software for Cisco Industrial Routers Virtual Device Server Inter-VM Channel Command Injection Vulnerability

A vulnerability in the implementation of the inter-VM channel of Cisco IOS Software for Cisco 809 and 829 Industrial Integrated Services Routers (Industrial ISRs) and Cisco 1000 Series Connected Grid Routers (CGR1000) could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to execute arbitrary shell commands on the Virtual Device Server (VDS) of an affected device. The vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of signaling packets that are destined to VDS. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious packets to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands in the context of the Linux shell of VDS with the privileges of the root user. Because the device is designed on a hypervisor architecture, exploitation of a vulnerability that affects the inter-VM channel may lead to a complete system compromise. For more information about this vulnerability, see the Details section of this advisory.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Cisco Systems, Inc.
Product-ios11201240829809Cisco IOS 12.2(60)EZ16
CWE ID-CWE-20
Improper Input Validation
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2022-43645
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.48% / 63.92%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-29 Mar, 2023 | 00:00
Updated-14 Feb, 2025 | 15:49
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-825 1.0.9/EE routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the IVI plugin for the xupnpd service, which listens on TCP port 4044. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the admin user. Was ZDI-CAN-19462.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-D-Link Corporation
Product-dir-825\/ee_firmwaredir-825\/eedir-825\/ac_firmwaredir-825\/acDIR-825
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2022-43642
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.56% / 67.20%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-29 Mar, 2023 | 00:00
Updated-14 Feb, 2025 | 15:49
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-825 1.0.9/EE routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the YouTube plugin for the xupnpd service, which listens on TCP port 4044. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the admin user. Was ZDI-CAN-19222.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-D-Link Corporation
Product-dir-825\/ee_firmwaredir-825\/eedir-825\/ac_firmwaredir-825\/acDIR-825
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-39471
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.58% / 67.92%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:10
Updated-12 Aug, 2025 | 15:45
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
TP-Link TL-WR841N ated_tp Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

TP-Link TL-WR841N ated_tp Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of TP-Link TL-WR841N routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the ated_tp service. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21825.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-TP-Link Systems Inc.
Product-tl-wr841n_firmwaretl-wr841ntl-wr840ntl-wr840n_firmwareTL-WR841Ntl-wr841ntl-wr840n
CWE ID-CWE-77
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2020-27861
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.44% / 62.29%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Feb, 2021 | 23:35
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 16:25
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR Orbi 2.5.1.16 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the UA_Parser utility. A crafted Host Name option in a DHCP request can trigger execution of a system call composed from a user-supplied string. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-11076.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-NETGEAR, Inc.
Product-rbk33_firmwarecbr40_firmwarerbk12rbk43scbk40_firmwarerbr40_firmwareex6200rbk14_firmwarerbk15_firmwarerbk52wrbk20_router_firmwarerbk23wrbk20w_firmwarerbk43_router_firmwarerbk43_satellite_firmwarerbk15rbk22_router_firmwarerbk12_firmwarerbs40rbs40_firmwarerbk33rbk20_satellite_firmwarecbk43rbk43s_router_firmwarerbr10rbk44_satellite_firmwarerbs10_firmwarerbs20rbs50_firmwareex6200_firmwarecbr40rbk20wex7700_firmwarerbk23rbs10rbk43s_satellite_firmwarerbk22_satellite_firmwarerbk20rbk50vrbk14rbk23w_firmwarerbk50v_firmwarerbs20_firmwarerbk44rbk52w_firmwarerbk30_firmwareex8000rbk40rbr20rbk23_satellite_firmwarecbk43_firmwarerbk23_router_firmwarerbk13rbk40_satellite_firmwarerbk43ex8000_firmwarerbk44_router_firmwarerbr10_firmwarerbk22rbr40rbs50cbk40rbr50_firmwarerbr50ex7700rbk13_firmwarerbk30rbr20_firmwarerbk40_router_firmwarerbk50rbk50_firmwareOrbi
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-40480
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.58% / 80.84%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 02:11
Updated-03 Jan, 2025 | 16:36
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
NETGEAR RAX30 DHCP Server Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

NETGEAR RAX30 DHCP Server Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR RAX30 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the DHCP server. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-19705.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-NETGEAR, Inc.
Product-rax30_firmwarerax30RAX30rax30_firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2020-27373
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.32% / 54.66%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-07 Apr, 2022 | 01:24
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 16:11
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Dr Trust USA iCheck Connect BP Monitor BP Testing 118 1.2.1 is vulnerable to Plain text command over BLE.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-drtrustusan/a
Product-icheck_connect_bp_monitor_bp_testing_118_firmwareicheck_connect_bp_monitor_bp_testing_118n/a
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2020-25757
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.52% / 65.78%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-15 Dec, 2020 | 19:27
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 15:40
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A lack of input validation and access controls in Lua CGIs on D-Link DSR VPN routers may result in arbitrary input being passed to system command APIs, resulting in arbitrary command execution with root privileges. This affects DSR-150, DSR-250, DSR-500, and DSR-1000AC with firmware 3.14 and 3.17.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aD-Link Corporation
Product-dsr-500_firmwaredsr-1000_firmwaredsr-500dsr-500n_firmwaredsr-150dsr-250ndsr-150ndsr-250n_firmwaredsr-1000n_firmwaredsr-250dsr-150n_firmwaredsr-500acdsr-1000ac_firmwaredsr-150_firmwaredsr-1000dsr-1000acdsr-500ac_firmwaredsr-500ndsr-250_firmwaredsr-1000nn/a
CWE ID-CWE-20
Improper Input Validation
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-38563
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.14% / 34.75%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-06 Sep, 2023 | 09:24
Updated-26 Sep, 2024 | 20:09
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Archer C1200 firmware versions prior to 'Archer C1200(JP)_V2_230508' and Archer C9 firmware versions prior to 'Archer C9(JP)_V3_230508' allow a network-adjacent unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-TP-Link Systems Inc.
Product-archer_c1200archer_c9_firmwarearcher_c1200_firmwarearcher_c9Archer C9Archer C1200archer_c90_firmwarearcher_c1200_firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2019-6014
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-1.59% / 80.91%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-26 Dec, 2019 | 15:16
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 20:09
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

DBA-1510P firmware 1.70b009 and earlier allows an attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands via Web User Interface.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-D-Link Corporation
Product-dba-1510p_firmwaredba-1510pDBA-1510P
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2019-3985
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Tenable Network Security, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Tenable Network Security, Inc.
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.73% / 71.80%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Dec, 2019 | 22:39
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 19:26
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Blink XT2 Sync Module firmware prior to 2.13.11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the device due to improperly sanitized input when configuring the devices wifi configuration via the ssid parameter.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-amazonn/a
Product-blink_xt2_sync_module_firmwareblink_xt2_sync_moduleAmazon's Blink XT2 Sync Module
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2019-3987
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Tenable Network Security, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Tenable Network Security, Inc.
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.73% / 71.80%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Dec, 2019 | 22:39
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 19:26
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Blink XT2 Sync Module firmware prior to 2.13.11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the device due to improperly sanitized input when configuring the devices wifi configuration via the key parameter.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-amazonn/a
Product-blink_xt2_sync_module_firmwareblink_xt2_sync_moduleAmazon's Blink XT2 Sync Module
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2019-3988
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Tenable Network Security, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Tenable Network Security, Inc.
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.73% / 71.80%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Dec, 2019 | 22:39
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 19:26
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Blink XT2 Sync Module firmware prior to 2.13.11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the device due to improperly sanitized input when configuring the devices wifi configuration via the bssid parameter.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-amazonn/a
Product-blink_xt2_sync_module_firmwareblink_xt2_sync_moduleAmazon's Blink XT2 Sync Module
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-38568
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.13% / 33.60%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-06 Sep, 2023 | 09:23
Updated-26 Sep, 2024 | 20:10
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Archer A10 firmware versions prior to 'Archer A10(JP)_V2_230504' allows a network-adjacent unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-TP-Link Systems Inc.
Product-archer_a10archer_a10_firmwareArcher A10archer_a10_firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2019-3986
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Tenable Network Security, Inc.
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Tenable Network Security, Inc.
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.54% / 66.63%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Dec, 2019 | 22:39
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 19:26
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Blink XT2 Sync Module firmware prior to 2.13.11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the device due to improperly sanitized input when configuring the devices wifi configuration via the encryption parameter.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-amazonn/a
Product-blink_xt2_sync_module_firmwareblink_xt2_sync_moduleAmazon's Blink XT2 Sync Module
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-28767
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zyxel Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zyxel Corporation
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.12% / 32.27%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-17 Jul, 2023 | 16:59
Updated-07 Nov, 2024 | 19:14
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

The configuration parser fails to sanitize user-controlled input in the Zyxel ATP series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.36, USG FLEX series firmware versions 5.00 through 5.36,  USG FLEX 50(W) series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.36, USG20(W)-VPN series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.36, and VPN series firmware versions 5.00 through 5.36. An unauthenticated, LAN-based attacker could leverage the vulnerability to inject some operating system (OS) commands into the device configuration data on an affected device when the cloud management mode is enabled.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Zyxel Networks Corporation
Product-zywall_vpn_300zywall_atp700zywall_atp700_firmwarezywall_vpn_50_firmwarezywall_atp800zywall_vpn_50usg_flex_200zywall_atp100_firmwareusg_flex_500_firmwareusg_2200-vpn_firmwareusg_flex_100usg_flex_100w_firmwarezywall_vpn300_firmwareusg_flex_200_firmwareusg_2200-vpnzywall_atp200zywall_vpn50zywall_vpn100_firmwarezywall_vpn100usg_flex_700zywall_atp100w_firmwareusg_flex_100wzywall_atp800_firmwareusg_flex_50w_firmwarezywall_atp200_firmwareusg_20w-vpnzywall_atp500usg_20w-vpn_firmwarezywall_atp100usg_flex_100_firmwarezywall_atp100wzywall_atp500_firmwareusg_flex_50wusg_flex_50_firmwarezywall_vpn300zywall_vpn_300_firmwareusg_flex_700_firmwarezywall_vpn_100zywall_vpn2szywall_vpn2s_firmwarezywall_vpn50_firmwareusg_flex_500usg_flex_50zywall_vpn_100_firmwareUSG FLEX 50(W) series firmwareATP series firmwareVPN series firmwareUSG FLEX series firmwareUSG20(W)-VPN series firmwareusg_flex_series_firmwareusg_flex_50\/w\/_series_firmwareatp_series_firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-36489
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-JPCERT/CC
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.14% / 34.75%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-06 Sep, 2023 | 09:35
Updated-26 Sep, 2024 | 20:03
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

Multiple TP-LINK products allow a network-adjacent unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands. Affected products/versions are as follows: TL-WR802N firmware versions prior to 'TL-WR802N(JP)_V4_221008', TL-WR841N firmware versions prior to 'TL-WR841N(JP)_V14_230506', and TL-WR902AC firmware versions prior to 'TL-WR902AC(JP)_V3_230506'.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-TP-Link Systems Inc.
Product-tl-wr802ntl-wr841ntl-wr841n_firmwaretl-wr902actl-wr802n_firmwaretl-wr902ac_firmwareTL-WR902ACTL-WR802NTL-WR841Ntl-wr802n_firmwaretl-wr902ac_firmwaretl-wr841n_firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-34279
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-6.8||MEDIUM
EPSS-2.69% / 85.27%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 01:57
Updated-13 Mar, 2025 | 21:40
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
D-Link DIR-2150 GetDeviceSettings Target Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

D-Link DIR-2150 GetDeviceSettings Target Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-2150 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the SOAP API interface, which listens on TCP port 80 by default. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-20558.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-D-Link Corporation
Product-dir-2150dir-2150_firmwareDIR-2150dir-2150_firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-35722
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.82% / 73.43%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 01:57
Updated-03 Jan, 2025 | 17:04
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
NETGEAR RAX30 UPnP Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

NETGEAR RAX30 UPnP Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR RAX30 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of UPnP port mapping requests. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-20429.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-NETGEAR, Inc.
Product-rax30_firmwarerax30RAX30rax30
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-35723
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zero Day Initiative
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.66% / 70.23%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 May, 2024 | 01:57
Updated-15 May, 2025 | 12:45
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
D-Link DIR-X3260 prog.cgi SOAPAction Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

D-Link DIR-X3260 prog.cgi SOAPAction Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-X3260 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of the SOAPAction request header provided to the prog.cgi endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-20983.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-D-Link Corporation
Product-dir-x3260_firmwaredir-x3260DIR-X3260dir-x3260
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-33012
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zyxel Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zyxel Corporation
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-5.08% / 89.40%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-17 Jul, 2023 | 17:23
Updated-05 Mar, 2025 | 18:48
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A command injection vulnerability in the configuration parser of the Zyxel ATP series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.36 Patch 2, USG FLEX series firmware versions 5.00 through 5.36 Patch 2, USG FLEX 50(W) series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.36 Patch 2, USG20(W)-VPN series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.36 Patch 2, and VPN series firmware versions 5.00 through 5.36 Patch 2, could allow an unauthenticated, LAN-based attacker to execute some OS commands by using a crafted GRE configuration when the cloud management mode is enabled.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Zyxel Networks Corporation
Product-zywall_vpn_300zywall_atp700zywall_atp700_firmwarezywall_vpn_50_firmwarezywall_atp800zywall_vpn_50usg_flex_200zywall_atp100_firmwareusg_flex_500_firmwareusg_2200-vpn_firmwareusg_flex_100usg_flex_100w_firmwarezywall_vpn300_firmwareusg_flex_200_firmwareusg_2200-vpnzywall_atp200zywall_vpn50zywall_vpn100_firmwarezywall_vpn100usg_flex_700zywall_atp100w_firmwareusg_flex_100wzywall_atp800_firmwareusg_flex_50w_firmwarezywall_atp200_firmwareusg_20w-vpnzywall_atp500usg_20w-vpn_firmwarezywall_atp100usg_flex_100_firmwarezywall_atp100wzywall_atp500_firmwareusg_flex_50wusg_flex_50_firmwarezywall_vpn300zywall_vpn_300_firmwareusg_flex_700_firmwarezywall_vpn_100zywall_vpn2szywall_vpn2s_firmwarezywall_vpn50_firmwareusg_flex_500usg_flex_50zywall_vpn_100_firmwareUSG FLEX 50(W) series firmwareATP series firmwareVPN series firmwareUSG20(W)-VPN series firmwareUSG FLEX series firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVE-2023-34139
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zyxel Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Zyxel Corporation
CVSS Score-8.8||HIGH
EPSS-0.22% / 44.33%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-17 Jul, 2023 | 17:36
Updated-29 Oct, 2024 | 16:19
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

A command injection vulnerability in the Free Time WiFi hotspot feature of the Zyxel USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.50 through 5.36 Patch 2 and VPN series firmware versions 4.20 through 5.36 Patch 2, could allow an unauthenticated, LAN-based attacker to execute some OS commands on an affected device.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Zyxel Networks Corporation
Product-usg_flex_50w_firmwarezywall_vpn_300zywall_vpn_50_firmwarezywall_vpn_50usg_flex_200usg_flex_500_firmwareusg_2200-vpn_firmwareusg_flex_100usg_flex_100w_firmwarezywall_vpn300_firmwareusg_flex_100_firmwareusg_flex_200_firmwareusg_2200-vpnusg_flex_50wzywall_vpn50usg_flex_50_firmwarezywall_vpn300zywall_vpn100_firmwarezywall_vpn_300_firmwarezywall_vpn100usg_flex_700_firmwarezywall_vpn_100zywall_vpn2susg_flex_700zywall_vpn2s_firmwareusg_flex_100wzywall_vpn50_firmwareusg_flex_500usg_flex_50zywall_vpn_100_firmwareUSG FLEX series firmwareVPN series firmwarevpn_firmwareusg_flex_firmware
CWE ID-CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
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