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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2025-30194

Summary
Assigner-OX
Assigner Org ID-8ce71d90-2354-404b-a86e-bec2cc4e6981
Published At-29 Apr, 2025 | 11:25
Updated At-20 Jun, 2025 | 15:42
Rejected At-
Credits

Denial of service via crafted DoH exchange

When DNSdist is configured to provide DoH via the nghttp2 provider, an attacker can cause a denial of service by crafting a DoH exchange that triggers an illegal memory access (double-free) and crash of DNSdist, causing a denial of service. The remedy is: upgrade to the patched 1.9.9 version. A workaround is to temporarily switch to the h2o provider until DNSdist has been upgraded to a fixed version. We would like to thank Charles Howes for bringing this issue to our attention.

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:OX
Assigner Org ID:8ce71d90-2354-404b-a86e-bec2cc4e6981
Published At:29 Apr, 2025 | 11:25
Updated At:20 Jun, 2025 | 15:42
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)
Denial of service via crafted DoH exchange

When DNSdist is configured to provide DoH via the nghttp2 provider, an attacker can cause a denial of service by crafting a DoH exchange that triggers an illegal memory access (double-free) and crash of DNSdist, causing a denial of service. The remedy is: upgrade to the patched 1.9.9 version. A workaround is to temporarily switch to the h2o provider until DNSdist has been upgraded to a fixed version. We would like to thank Charles Howes for bringing this issue to our attention.

Affected Products
Vendor
PowerDNS
Product
DNSdist
Collection URL
https://repo.powerdns.com/
Package Name
dnsdist
Repo
https://github.com/PowerDNS/pdns
Modules
  • DNS over HTTPS
Program Files
  • dnsdist-doh-common.hh
Default Status
unaffected
Versions
Affected
  • From 1.9.0 before 1.9.9 (semver)
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
CWECWE-416CWE-416 User After Free
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-416
Description: CWE-416 User After Free
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
3.17.5HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Version: 3.1
Base score: 7.5
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

finder
Charles Howes
Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://dnsdist.org/security-advisories/powerdns-advisory-for-dnsdist-2025-02.html
N/A
Hyperlink: https://dnsdist.org/security-advisories/powerdns-advisory-for-dnsdist-2025-02.html
Resource: N/A
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
1. CVE Program Container
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/29/1
N/A
https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-30194-detection-dnsdist-vulnerability
N/A
https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-30194-mitigate-dnsdist-vulnerability
N/A
Hyperlink: http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/29/1
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-30194-detection-dnsdist-vulnerability
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-30194-mitigate-dnsdist-vulnerability
Resource: N/A
2. CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:security@open-xchange.com
Published At:29 Apr, 2025 | 12:15
Updated At:20 Jun, 2025 | 16:15

When DNSdist is configured to provide DoH via the nghttp2 provider, an attacker can cause a denial of service by crafting a DoH exchange that triggers an illegal memory access (double-free) and crash of DNSdist, causing a denial of service. The remedy is: upgrade to the patched 1.9.9 version. A workaround is to temporarily switch to the h2o provider until DNSdist has been upgraded to a fixed version. We would like to thank Charles Howes for bringing this issue to our attention.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Secondary3.17.5HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Type: Secondary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 7.5
Base severity: HIGH
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CPE Matches

Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
CWE-416Secondarysecurity@open-xchange.com
CWE ID: CWE-416
Type: Secondary
Source: security@open-xchange.com
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://dnsdist.org/security-advisories/powerdns-advisory-for-dnsdist-2025-02.htmlsecurity@open-xchange.com
N/A
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/29/1af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
N/A
https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-30194-detection-dnsdist-vulnerabilityaf854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
N/A
https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-30194-mitigate-dnsdist-vulnerabilityaf854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
N/A
Hyperlink: https://dnsdist.org/security-advisories/powerdns-advisory-for-dnsdist-2025-02.html
Source: security@open-xchange.com
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/29/1
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-30194-detection-dnsdist-vulnerability
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-30194-mitigate-dnsdist-vulnerability
Source: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
Resource: N/A

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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CWE ID-CWE-416
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Matching Score-4
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CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
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CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
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Matching Score-4
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CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.27% / 50.29%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-03 Nov, 2021 | 00:03
Updated-04 Aug, 2024 | 01:44
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

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Assigner-MITRE Corporation
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.12% / 31.51%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-14 Apr, 2022 | 12:57
Updated-03 Aug, 2024 | 05:25
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

MariaDB Server v10.6.3 and below was discovered to contain an use-after-free in the component my_mb_wc_latin1 at /strings/ctype-latin1.c.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-n/aMariaDB Foundation
Product-mariadbn/a
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-1931
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Mozilla Corporation
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-Mozilla Corporation
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.93% / 75.77%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-04 Mar, 2025 | 13:31
Updated-03 Nov, 2025 | 21:18
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available

It was possible to cause a use-after-free in the content process side of a WebTransport connection, leading to a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 136, Firefox ESR < 115.21, Firefox ESR < 128.8, Thunderbird < 136, and Thunderbird < 128.8.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Mozilla Corporation
Product-firefoxthunderbirdFirefoxFirefox ESRThunderbird
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2025-11234
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-Red Hat, Inc.
CVSS Score-7.5||HIGH
EPSS-0.15% / 36.24%
||
7 Day CHG+0.06%
Published-03 Oct, 2025 | 10:30
Updated-24 Feb, 2026 | 11:16
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Qemu-kvm: vnc websocket handshake use-after-free

A flaw was found in QEMU. If the QIOChannelWebsock object is freed while it is waiting to complete a handshake, a GSource is leaked. This can lead to the callback firing later on and triggering a use-after-free in the use of the channel. This can be abused by a malicious client with network access to the VNC WebSocket port to cause a denial of service during the WebSocket handshake prior to the VNC client authentication.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Red Hat, Inc.
Product-Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP SolutionsRed Hat Enterprise Linux 10Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CVE-2024-8376
Matching Score-4
Assigner-Eclipse Foundation
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-Eclipse Foundation
CVSS Score-7.2||HIGH
EPSS-0.29% / 52.43%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
Published-11 Oct, 2024 | 15:18
Updated-15 Nov, 2024 | 17:21
Rejected-Not Available
Known To Be Used In Ransomware Campaigns?-Not Available
KEV Added-Not Available
KEV Action Due Date-Not Available
Memory leak

In Eclipse Mosquitto up to version 2.0.18a, an attacker can achieve memory leaking, segmentation fault or heap-use-after-free by sending specific sequences of "CONNECT", "DISCONNECT", "SUBSCRIBE", "UNSUBSCRIBE" and "PUBLISH" packets.

Action-Not Available
Vendor-Eclipse Foundation AISBL
Product-mosquittoMosquitto
CWE ID-CWE-416
Use After Free
CWE ID-CWE-755
Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions
CWE ID-CWE-401
Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime
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