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Vulnerability Details :

CVE-2025-4437

Summary
Assigner-redhat
Assigner Org ID-53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749
Published At-20 Aug, 2025 | 12:19
Updated At-20 Aug, 2025 | 15:15
Rejected At-
Credits

Cri-o: large /etc/passwd file may lead to denial of service

There's a vulnerability in the CRI-O application where when container is launched with securityContext.runAsUser specifying a non-existent user, CRI-O attempts to create the user, reading the container's entire /etc/passwd file into memory. If this file is excessively large, it can cause the a high memory consumption leading applications to be killed due to out-of-memory. As a result a denial-of-service can be achieved, possibly disrupting other pods and services running in the same host.

Vendors
-
Not available
Products
-
Metrics (CVSS)
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Weaknesses
Attack Patterns
Solution/Workaround
References
HyperlinkResource Type
EPSS History
Score
Latest Score
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Percentile
Latest Percentile
-
N/A
No data available for selected date range
Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC)
▼Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE)
cve.org
Assigner:redhat
Assigner Org ID:53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749
Published At:20 Aug, 2025 | 12:19
Updated At:20 Aug, 2025 | 15:15
Rejected At:
▼CVE Numbering Authority (CNA)
Cri-o: large /etc/passwd file may lead to denial of service

There's a vulnerability in the CRI-O application where when container is launched with securityContext.runAsUser specifying a non-existent user, CRI-O attempts to create the user, reading the container's entire /etc/passwd file into memory. If this file is excessively large, it can cause the a high memory consumption leading applications to be killed due to out-of-memory. As a result a denial-of-service can be achieved, possibly disrupting other pods and services running in the same host.

Affected Products
Vendor
Red Hat, Inc.Red Hat
Product
Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4
Collection URL
https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/
Package Name
cri-o
CPEs
  • cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
Default Status
affected
Vendor
Red Hat, Inc.Red Hat
Product
Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4
Collection URL
https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/
Package Name
rhcos
CPEs
  • cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
Default Status
affected
Problem Types
TypeCWE IDDescription
CWECWE-770Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Type: CWE
CWE ID: CWE-770
Description: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
3.15.7MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Version: 3.1
Base score: 5.7
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Metrics Other Info
Red Hat severity rating
value:
Moderate
namespace:
https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

As for now there's no available mitigation for this flaw.

Exploits

Credits

Red Hat would like to thank Dongha Kim (BoB Project Team, Pirates) for reporting this issue.
Timeline
EventDate
Reported to Red Hat.2025-06-26 22:09:58
Made public.2025-06-26 00:00:00
Event: Reported to Red Hat.
Date: 2025-06-26 22:09:58
Event: Made public.
Date: 2025-06-26 00:00:00
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-4437
vdb-entry
x_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2375084
issue-tracking
x_refsource_REDHAT
Hyperlink: https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-4437
Resource:
vdb-entry
x_refsource_REDHAT
Hyperlink: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2375084
Resource:
issue-tracking
x_refsource_REDHAT
▼Authorized Data Publishers (ADP)
CISA ADP Vulnrichment
Affected Products
Metrics
VersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Metrics Other Info
Impacts
CAPEC IDDescription
Solutions

Configurations

Workarounds

Exploits

Credits

Timeline
EventDate
Replaced By

Rejected Reason

References
HyperlinkResource
Information is not available yet
▼National Vulnerability Database (NVD)
nvd.nist.gov
Source:secalert@redhat.com
Published At:20 Aug, 2025 | 13:15
Updated At:20 Aug, 2025 | 14:39

There's a vulnerability in the CRI-O application where when container is launched with securityContext.runAsUser specifying a non-existent user, CRI-O attempts to create the user, reading the container's entire /etc/passwd file into memory. If this file is excessively large, it can cause the a high memory consumption leading applications to be killed due to out-of-memory. As a result a denial-of-service can be achieved, possibly disrupting other pods and services running in the same host.

CISA Catalog
Date AddedDue DateVulnerability NameRequired Action
N/A
Date Added: N/A
Due Date: N/A
Vulnerability Name: N/A
Required Action: N/A
Metrics
TypeVersionBase scoreBase severityVector
Primary3.15.7MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Type: Primary
Version: 3.1
Base score: 5.7
Base severity: MEDIUM
Vector:
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CPE Matches

Weaknesses
CWE IDTypeSource
CWE-770Primarysecalert@redhat.com
CWE ID: CWE-770
Type: Primary
Source: secalert@redhat.com
Evaluator Description

Evaluator Impact

Evaluator Solution

Vendor Statements

References
HyperlinkSourceResource
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-4437secalert@redhat.com
N/A
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2375084secalert@redhat.com
N/A
Hyperlink: https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-4437
Source: secalert@redhat.com
Resource: N/A
Hyperlink: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2375084
Source: secalert@redhat.com
Resource: N/A

Change History

0
Information is not available yet

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Matching Score-4
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Vendor-se.math.spbuspbu-se
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CWE ID-CWE-770
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVE-2023-6117
Matching Score-4
Assigner-M-Files Corporation
ShareView Details
Matching Score-4
Assigner-M-Files Corporation
CVSS Score-5.7||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.14% / 34.65%
||
7 Day CHG~0.00%
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Updated-28 Aug, 2024 | 09:15
Rejected-Not Available
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KEV Added-Not Available
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Vendor-M-Files Oy
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CWE ID-CWE-770
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVE-2021-29453
Matching Score-4
Assigner-GitHub, Inc.
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Matching Score-4
Assigner-GitHub, Inc.
CVSS Score-5.7||MEDIUM
EPSS-0.32% / 54.40%
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7 Day CHG~0.00%
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CWE ID-CWE-400
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Details not found