free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, free5GC's NEF terminates the entire process when a stored PFD-subscription notifyUri cannot be reached. In PfdChangeNotifier.FlushNotifications(), the notifier calls NnefPFDmanagementNotify(...) and on any delivery error invokes logger.PFDManageLog.Fatal(err), which is os.Exit(1)-equivalent in Go. An attacker who can create a PFD subscription with an attacker-chosen notifyUri and then trigger a PFD change can deterministically kill NEF on the asynchronous delivery attempt -- the process exits with status 1, dropping NEF's entire SBI surface until restart. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.2.

free5GC is an open-source implementation of the 5G core network. Prior to 4.2.2, free5GC's SMF mounts the UPI management route group without inbound OAuth2 middleware. The POST /upi/v1/upNodesLinks create-or-update handler accepts attacker-controlled JSON and passes it directly into UpNodesFromConfiguration(), which calls logger.InitLog.Fatalf(...) on several validation failures. One confirmed path is the UE-IP-pool overlap check: a single unauthenticated POST that adds a new UPF whose pool overlaps an existing UPF terminates the entire SMF process (docker ps shows Exited (1)), not just the goroutine. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.2.2.

KsIRC 1.3.12 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a long PRIVMSG string when connecting to an Internet Relay Chat (IRC) server, which causes an assertion failure and results in a NULL pointer dereference. NOTE: this issue was originally reported as a buffer overflow.

In ImageMagick 7.0.5-7 Q16, a crafted file could trigger an assertion failure in the WriteBlob function in MagickCore/blob.c because of missing checks in the ReadOneJNGImage function in coders/png.c.

A reachable Object::getString assertion in Poppler 22.07.0 allows attackers to cause a denial of service due to a failure in markObject.

In ImageMagick 7.0.5-7 Q16, a crafted file could trigger an assertion failure in the ResetImageProfileIterator function in MagickCore/profile.c because of missing checks in the ReadDDSImage function in coders/dds.c.

libjxl 0.6.1 has an assertion failure in LowMemoryRenderPipeline::Init() in render_pipeline/low_memory_render_pipeline.cc.

There is an assertion failure in SingleComponentLSScan::ParseMCU in singlecomponentlsscan.cpp in libjpeg before 1.64 via an empty JPEG-LS scan.

In libjpeg before 1.64, BitStream<false>::Get in bitstream.hpp has an assertion failure that may cause denial of service. This is related to out-of-bounds array access during arithmetically coded lossless scan or arithmetically coded sequential scan.

There is an assertion failure error in stbi__jpeg_huff_decode, stb_image.h:1894 in libsixel img2sixel 1.8.6. Remote attackers could leverage this vulnerability to cause a denial-of-service via a crafted JPEG file.

Context-specific code was included in a shared jump table; resulting in assertions being triggered in multithreaded wasm code. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 86.

A flaw was found in libtiff 4.4.0rc1. There is a sysmalloc assertion fail in rotateImage() at tiffcrop.c:8621 that can cause program crash when reading a crafted input.

A denial of service vulnerability was found in GStreamer's AV1 codec parser in gst-plugins-bad. The gst_av1_parser_parse_tile_list_obu() function passes a byte count to a bit-reader API that expects a bit count, causing parser desynchronization. A remote attacker could trick a user into opening a specially crafted AV1 media file, triggering an assertion abort and causing the application to crash.

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.24.2, a malicious RDP server can crash the FreeRDP client by sending audio data in IMA ADPCM format with an invalid initial step index value (>= 89). The unvalidated step index is read directly from the network and used to index into a 89-entry lookup table, triggering a WINPR_ASSERT() failure and process abort via SIGABRT. This affects any FreeRDP client that has audio redirection (RDPSND) enabled, which is the default configuration. This issue has been patched in version 3.24.2.

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.24.2, an unvalidated auth_length field read from the network triggers a WINPR_ASSERT() failure in rts_read_auth_verifier_no_checks(), causing any FreeRDP client connecting through a malicious RDP Gateway to crash with SIGABRT. This is a pre-authentication denial of service affecting all FreeRDP clients using RPC-over-HTTP gateway transport. The assertion is active in default release builds (WITH_VERBOSE_WINPR_ASSERT=ON). This issue has been patched in version 3.24.2.

nimiq-transaction provides the transaction primitive to be used in Nimiq's Rust implementation. Prior to version 1.3.0, `HistoryTreeProof::verify` panics on a malformed proof where `history.len() != positions.len()` due to `assert_eq!(history.len(), positions.len())`. The proof object is derived from untrusted p2p responses (`ResponseTransactionsProof.proof`) and is therefore attacker-controlled at the network boundary until validated. A malicious peer could trigger a crash by returning a crafted inclusion proof with a length mismatch. The patch for this vulnerability is included as part of v1.3.0. No known workarounds are available.

A crafted JavaScript input can trigger an internal assertion failure in QuickJS release 2025-09-13, fixed in commit 1dbba8a88eaa40d15a8a9b70bb1a0b8fb5b552e6 (2025-12-11), in file gc_decref_child in quickjs.c, when executed with the qjs interpreter using the -m option. This leads to an abort (SIGABRT) during garbage collection and causes a denial-of-service.

Avahi is a system which facilitates service discovery on a local network via the mDNS/DNS-SD protocol suite. In 0.9-rc2 and earlier, avahi-daemon can be crashed by sending unsolicited announcements containing CNAME resource records pointing it to resource records with short TTLs. As soon as they expire avahi-daemon crashes.

Avahi is a system which facilitates service discovery on a local network via the mDNS/DNS-SD protocol suite. In 0.9-rc2 and earlier, avahi-daemon can be crashed by sending 2 unsolicited announcements with CNAME resource records 2 seconds apart.

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.23.0, a missing bounds check in `smartcard_unpack_read_size_align()` (`libfreerdp/utils/smartcard_pack.c:1703`) allows a malicious RDP server to crash the FreeRDP client via a reachable `WINPR_ASSERT` → `abort()`. The crash occurs in upstream builds where `WITH_VERBOSE_WINPR_ASSERT=ON` (default in FreeRDP 3.22.0 / current WinPR CMake defaults). Smartcard redirection must be explicitly enabled by the user (e.g., `xfreerdp /smartcard`; `/smartcard-logon` implies `/smartcard`). Version 3.23.0 fixes the issue.

There is a reachable assertion in the Internal::TiffReader::visitDirectory function in tiffvisitor.cpp of Exiv2 0.26 that will lead to a remote denial of service attack via crafted input.

An assertion failure was discovered in wasm::WasmBinaryBuilder::getType() in wasm-binary.cpp in Binaryen 1.38.22. This allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (failed assertion and crash) via a crafted wasm file.

An issue was discovered in cairo 1.16.0. There is an assertion problem in the function _cairo_arc_in_direction in the file cairo-arc.c.

An issue was discovered in Binaryen 1.38.32. Missing validation rules in asmjs/asmangle.cpp can lead to an Assertion Failure at wasm/wasm.cpp in wasm::asmangle. A crafted input can cause denial-of-service, as demonstrated by wasm2js.

J2B in libopenmpt before 0.4.2 allows an assertion failure during file parsing with debug STLs.

Exiv2 through 0.27.1 allows an attacker to cause a denial of service (crash due to assertion failure) via an invalid data location in a CRW image file.

A reachable assertion in FFmpeg git-master commit N-113007-g8d24a28d06 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via opening a crafted AAC file.

stb_image.h (aka the stb image loader) 2.23, as used in libsixel and other products, has an assertion failure in stbi__shiftsigned.

libjpeg commit db33a6e was discovered to contain a reachable assertion via BitMapHook::BitMapHook at bitmaphook.cpp. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted file.

libsndfile through 1.2.2 has a reachable assertion, that may lead to application exit, in mpeg_l3_encode.c mpeg_l3_encoder_close.

TinyXML2 through 10.0.0 has a reachable assertion for UINT_MAX/digit, that may lead to application exit, in tinyxml2.cpp XMLUtil::GetCharacterRef.

TinyXML2 through 10.0.0 has a reachable assertion for UINT_MAX/16, that may lead to application exit, in tinyxml2.cpp XMLUtil::GetCharacterRef.

An issue was discovered in Poppler 22.08.0. There is a reachable assertion in Object.h, will lead to denial of service because PDFDoc::replacePageDict in PDFDoc.cc lacks a stream check before saving an embedded file.

An issue was discovered in Poppler 22.07.0. There is a reachable abort which leads to denial of service because the main function in pdfunite.cc lacks a stream check before saving an embedded file.

Reachable Assertion in tiffcp in libtiff 4.3.0 allows attackers to cause a denial-of-service via a crafted tiff file. For users that compile libtiff from sources, the fix is available with commit 5e180045.

Reachable Assertion vulnerability in upx before 4.0.0 allows attackers to cause a denial of service via crafted file passed to the the readx function.

DSM in libopenmpt before 0.4.2 allows an assertion failure during file parsing with debug STLs.