An issue was discovered in Binaryen 1.38.32. Missing validation rules in asmjs/asmangle.cpp can lead to an Assertion Failure at wasm/wasm.cpp in wasm::asmangle. A crafted input can cause denial-of-service, as demonstrated by wasm2js.

The main function in tools/wasm2js.cpp in Binaryen 1.38.22 has a heap-based buffer overflow because Emscripten is misused, triggering an error in cashew::JSPrinter::printAst() in emscripten-optimizer/simple_ast.h. A crafted input can cause segmentation faults, leading to denial-of-service, as demonstrated by wasm2js.

A NULL pointer dereference was discovered in wasm::SExpressionWasmBuilder::parseExpression in wasm-s-parser.cpp in Binaryen 1.38.22. A crafted wasm input can cause a segmentation fault, leading to denial-of-service, as demonstrated by wasm-as.

A NULL pointer dereference was discovered in wasm::WasmBinaryBuilder::processFunctions() in wasm/wasm-binary.cpp (when calling wasm::WasmBinaryBuilder::getFunctionIndexName) in Binaryen 1.38.22. A crafted input can cause segmentation faults, leading to denial-of-service, as demonstrated by wasm-opt.

A heap-based buffer over-read was discovered in wasm::WasmBinaryBuilder::processFunctions() in wasm/wasm-binary.cpp (when calling wasm::WasmBinaryBuilder::getFunctionIndexName) in Binaryen 1.38.22. A crafted input can cause segmentation faults, leading to denial-of-service, as demonstrated by wasm-opt.

A heap-based buffer over-read was discovered in wasm::SExpressionParser::skipWhitespace() in wasm-s-parser.cpp in Binaryen 1.38.22. A crafted wasm input can cause a segmentation fault, leading to denial-of-service, as demonstrated by wasm2js.

wasm::WasmBinaryBuilder::readUserSection in wasm-binary.cpp in Binaryen 1.38.22 triggers an attempt at excessive memory allocation, as demonstrated by wasm-merge and wasm-opt.

A NULL pointer dereference was discovered in wasm::Module::getFunctionOrNull in wasm/wasm.cpp in Binaryen 1.38.22. A crafted input can cause segmentation faults, leading to denial-of-service, as demonstrated by wasm-opt.

A heap-based buffer over-read was discovered in wasm::WasmBinaryBuilder::visitCall in wasm-binary.cpp in Binaryen 1.38.22. A crafted wasm input can cause a segmentation fault, leading to denial-of-service, as demonstrated by wasm-merge.

In Binaryen 1.38.22, there is a use-after-free problem in wasm::WasmBinaryBuilder::visitCall in wasm-binary.cpp. Remote attackers could leverage this vulnerability to cause a denial-of-service via a wasm file, as demonstrated by wasm-merge.

Heap-buffer-overflow in /src/wasm/wasm-binary.cpp in wasm::WasmBinaryBuilder::visitBlock(wasm::Block*) in Binaryen 1.38.26. A crafted wasm input can cause a segmentation fault, leading to denial-of-service, as demonstrated by wasm-opt.

An issue was discovered in Binaryen 1.38.32. Two visitors in ir/ExpressionManipulator.cpp can lead to a NULL pointer dereference in wasm::LocalSet::finalize in wasm/wasm.cpp. A crafted input can cause segmentation faults, leading to denial-of-service, as demonstrated by wasm2js.

A NULL pointer dereference was discovered in SExpressionWasmBuilder::makeBlock in wasm/wasm-s-parser.c in Binaryen 1.38.26. A crafted wasm input can cause a segmentation fault, leading to denial-of-service, as demonstrated by wasm-as.

A vulnerability was found in WebAssembly wabt up to 1.0.37 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function LogOpcode of the file src/binary-reader-objdump.cc. The manipulation leads to reachable assertion. Local access is required to approach this attack. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The real existence of this vulnerability is still doubted at the moment. The code maintainer explains that this issue might not affect "real world wasm programs".

A Denial of Service vulnerability exists in Binaryen 104 due to an assertion abort in wasm::WasmBinaryBuilder::visitRethrow(wasm::Rethrow*).

A Denial of Service vulnerability exists in Binaryen 104 due to an assertion abort in wasm::WasmBinaryBuilder::visitRethrow(wasm::Rethrow*).

A Denial of Service vulnerability exists in Binaryen 104 due to an assertion abort in wasm::WasmBinaryBuilder::readFunctions.

A Denial of Service vulnerability exists in Binaryen 104 due to an assertion abort in wasm::Tuple::validate.

A Denial of Service vulnerability exits in Binaryen 103 due to an assertion abort in wasm::handle_unreachable.

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.24.2, an unvalidated auth_length field read from the network triggers a WINPR_ASSERT() failure in rts_read_auth_verifier_no_checks(), causing any FreeRDP client connecting through a malicious RDP Gateway to crash with SIGABRT. This is a pre-authentication denial of service affecting all FreeRDP clients using RPC-over-HTTP gateway transport. The assertion is active in default release builds (WITH_VERBOSE_WINPR_ASSERT=ON). This issue has been patched in version 3.24.2.

Context-specific code was included in a shared jump table; resulting in assertions being triggered in multithreaded wasm code. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 86.

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.24.2, a malicious RDP server can crash the FreeRDP client by sending audio data in IMA ADPCM format with an invalid initial step index value (>= 89). The unvalidated step index is read directly from the network and used to index into a 89-entry lookup table, triggering a WINPR_ASSERT() failure and process abort via SIGABRT. This affects any FreeRDP client that has audio redirection (RDPSND) enabled, which is the default configuration. This issue has been patched in version 3.24.2.

nimiq-transaction provides the transaction primitive to be used in Nimiq's Rust implementation. Prior to version 1.3.0, `HistoryTreeProof::verify` panics on a malformed proof where `history.len() != positions.len()` due to `assert_eq!(history.len(), positions.len())`. The proof object is derived from untrusted p2p responses (`ResponseTransactionsProof.proof`) and is therefore attacker-controlled at the network boundary until validated. A malicious peer could trigger a crash by returning a crafted inclusion proof with a length mismatch. The patch for this vulnerability is included as part of v1.3.0. No known workarounds are available.

In ImageMagick 7.0.5-7 Q16, a crafted file could trigger an assertion failure in the ResetImageProfileIterator function in MagickCore/profile.c because of missing checks in the ReadDDSImage function in coders/dds.c.

TinyXML2 through 10.0.0 has a reachable assertion for UINT_MAX/16, that may lead to application exit, in tinyxml2.cpp XMLUtil::GetCharacterRef.

libsndfile through 1.2.2 has a reachable assertion, that may lead to application exit, in mpeg_l3_encode.c mpeg_l3_encoder_close.

TinyXML2 through 10.0.0 has a reachable assertion for UINT_MAX/digit, that may lead to application exit, in tinyxml2.cpp XMLUtil::GetCharacterRef.

Avahi is a system which facilitates service discovery on a local network via the mDNS/DNS-SD protocol suite. In 0.9-rc2 and earlier, avahi-daemon can be crashed by sending unsolicited announcements containing CNAME resource records pointing it to resource records with short TTLs. As soon as they expire avahi-daemon crashes.

In ImageMagick 7.0.5-7 Q16, a crafted file could trigger an assertion failure in the WriteBlob function in MagickCore/blob.c because of missing checks in the ReadOneJNGImage function in coders/png.c.

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.23.0, a missing bounds check in `smartcard_unpack_read_size_align()` (`libfreerdp/utils/smartcard_pack.c:1703`) allows a malicious RDP server to crash the FreeRDP client via a reachable `WINPR_ASSERT` → `abort()`. The crash occurs in upstream builds where `WITH_VERBOSE_WINPR_ASSERT=ON` (default in FreeRDP 3.22.0 / current WinPR CMake defaults). Smartcard redirection must be explicitly enabled by the user (e.g., `xfreerdp /smartcard`; `/smartcard-logon` implies `/smartcard`). Version 3.23.0 fixes the issue.

An issue was discovered in Free5GC v4.0.0 and v4.0.1 allowing an attacker to cause a denial of service via crafted POST request to the Npcf_BDTPolicyControl API.

Race condition in the sctp_wait_for_sndbuf function in net/sctp/socket.c in the Linux kernel before 4.9.11 allows local users to cause a denial of service (assertion failure and panic) via a multithreaded application that peels off an association in a certain buffer-full state.

In libjpeg before 1.64, BitStream<false>::Get in bitstream.hpp has an assertion failure that may cause denial of service. This is related to out-of-bounds array access during arithmetically coded lossless scan or arithmetically coded sequential scan.

A reachable assertion in FFmpeg git-master commit N-113007-g8d24a28d06 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via opening a crafted AAC file.

There is a reachable assertion in the Internal::TiffReader::visitDirectory function in tiffvisitor.cpp of Exiv2 0.26 that will lead to a remote denial of service attack via crafted input.

A crafted JavaScript input can trigger an internal assertion failure in QuickJS release 2025-09-13, fixed in commit 1dbba8a88eaa40d15a8a9b70bb1a0b8fb5b552e6 (2025-12-11), in file gc_decref_child in quickjs.c, when executed with the qjs interpreter using the -m option. This leads to an abort (SIGABRT) during garbage collection and causes a denial-of-service.

Avahi is a system which facilitates service discovery on a local network via the mDNS/DNS-SD protocol suite. In 0.9-rc2 and earlier, avahi-daemon can be crashed by sending 2 unsolicited announcements with CNAME resource records 2 seconds apart.

An issue was discovered in Poppler 22.08.0. There is a reachable assertion in Object.h, will lead to denial of service because PDFDoc::replacePageDict in PDFDoc.cc lacks a stream check before saving an embedded file.

An issue was discovered in Poppler 22.07.0. There is a reachable abort which leads to denial of service because the main function in pdfunite.cc lacks a stream check before saving an embedded file.

A reachable Object::getString assertion in Poppler 22.07.0 allows attackers to cause a denial of service due to a failure in markObject.

libjxl 0.6.1 has an assertion failure in LowMemoryRenderPipeline::Init() in render_pipeline/low_memory_render_pipeline.cc.

There is an assertion failure in SingleComponentLSScan::ParseMCU in singlecomponentlsscan.cpp in libjpeg before 1.64 via an empty JPEG-LS scan.

There is an assertion failure error in stbi__jpeg_huff_decode, stb_image.h:1894 in libsixel img2sixel 1.8.6. Remote attackers could leverage this vulnerability to cause a denial-of-service via a crafted JPEG file.

A flaw was found in libtiff 4.4.0rc1. There is a sysmalloc assertion fail in rotateImage() at tiffcrop.c:8621 that can cause program crash when reading a crafted input.

A vulnerability in the implementation of the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) feature of Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) process to crash, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. This vulnerability is due to the incorrect handling of a specific RPKI to Router (RTR) Protocol packet header. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by compromising the RPKI validator server and sending a specifically crafted RTR packet to an affected device. Alternatively, the attacker could use man-in-the-middle techniques to impersonate the RPKI validator server and send a crafted RTR response packet over the established RTR TCP connection to the affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause a DoS condition because the BGP process could constantly restart and BGP routing could become unstable.

Reachable Assertion in tiffcp in libtiff 4.3.0 allows attackers to cause a denial-of-service via a crafted tiff file. For users that compile libtiff from sources, the fix is available with commit 5e180045.

Reachable Assertion vulnerability in upx before 4.0.0 allows attackers to cause a denial of service via crafted file passed to the the readx function.

stb_image.h (aka the stb image loader) 2.23, as used in libsixel and other products, has an assertion failure in stbi__shiftsigned.

libjpeg commit db33a6e was discovered to contain a reachable assertion via BitMapHook::BitMapHook at bitmaphook.cpp. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted file.

An issue was discovered in cairo 1.16.0. There is an assertion problem in the function _cairo_arc_in_direction in the file cairo-arc.c.