The JSON web services in Liferay Portal 7.3.4 and earlier, and Liferay DXP 7.0 before fix pack 97, 7.1 before fix pack 20 and 7.2 before fix pack 10 may provide overly verbose error messages, which allows remote attackers to use the contents of error messages to help launch another, more focused attacks via crafted inputs.

Blogs in Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.111, and older unsupported versions, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q4.0 through 2023.Q4.10, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.10, 7.4 GA through update 92, and older unsupported versions does not check permission of images in a blog entry, which allows remote attackers to view the images in a blog entry via crafted URL.

Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.109, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q4.0 through 2023.Q4.5, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.7, 7.4 GA through update 92, 7.3 GA through update 35, and older unsupported versions does not properly restrict access to OpenAPI in certain circumstances, which allows remote attackers to access the OpenAPI YAML file via a crafted URL.

Liferay Portal 7.3.0 through 7.4.3.111, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q4.0, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.4, 7.4 GA through update 92, and 7.3 GA through update 35 does not perform an authorization check when users attempt to view a display page template, which allows remote attackers to view display page templates via crafted URLs.

Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.132, and Liferay DXP 2025.Q2.0 through 2025.Q2.9, 2025.Q1.0 through 2025.Q1.16, 2024.Q4.0 through 2024.Q4.7, 2024.Q3.0 through 2024.Q3.13, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.13 and 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.19 exposes "Internal Server Error" in the response body when a login attempt is made with a deleted Client Secret.

The Commerce component in Liferay Portal 7.3.0 through 7.4.3.112, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q4.0 through 2023.Q4.8, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.10, 7.4 GA through update 92, and 7.3 service pack 3 through update 35 saves virtual products uploaded to Documents and Media with guest view permission, which allows remote attackers to access and download virtual products for free via a crafted URL.

Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.132, and Liferay DXP 2025.Q1.0 through 2025.Q1.5, 2024.Q4.0 through 2024.Q4.7, 2024.Q3.1 through 2024.Q3.13, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.13, 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.15 and 7.4 GA through update 92 allows unauthenticated users (guests) to access via URL files uploaded by object entry and stored in document_library

Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.132, and Liferay DXP 2025.Q1.0 through 2025.Q1.1, 2024.Q4.0 through 2024.Q4.7, 2024.Q3.1 through 2024.Q3.13, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.13, 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.14 and 7.4 GA through update 92 allows unauthenticated users (guests) to access via URL files uploaded in the form and stored in document_library

Username enumeration vulnerability in Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.132, and Liferay DXP 2024.Q4.0 through 2024.Q4.7, 2024.Q3.0 through 2024.Q3.13, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.13, 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.14 and 7.4 GA through update 92 allows attackers to determine if an account exist in the application by inspecting the server processing time of the login request.

User enumeration vulnerability in Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.132, and Liferay DXP 2024.Q4.0 through 2024.Q4.7, 2024.Q3.0 through 2024.Q3.13, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.13, 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.14, 2023.Q4.0 through 2023.Q4.10, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.10 and 7.4 GA through update 92 allows remote attackers to determine if an account exist in the application via the create account page.

Enumeration of ERC from object entry in Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.128, and Liferay DXP 2024.Q3.0 through 2024.Q3.1, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.13, 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.12, 2023.Q4.0 and 7.4 GA through update 92 allow attackers to determine existent ERC in the application by exploit the time response.

User enumeration vulnerability in Liferay Portal 7.2.0 through 7.4.3.26, and older unsupported versions, and Liferay DXP 7.4 before update 27, 7.3 before update 8, 7.2 before fix pack 20, and older unsupported versions allows remote attackers to determine if an account exist in the application by comparing the request's response time.

In Liferay Portal 7.2.0 through 7.4.3.25, and older unsupported versions, and Liferay DXP 7.4 before update 26, 7.3 before update 5, 7.2 before fix pack 19, and older unsupported versions the default value of the portal property `http.header.version.verbosity` is set to `full`, which allows remote attackers to easily identify the version of the application that is running and the vulnerabilities that affect that version via 'Liferay-Portal` response header.

The Journal module in Liferay Portal 7.2.0 through 7.4.3.4, and older unsupported versions, and Liferay DXP 7.4.13, 7.3 before service pack 3, 7.2 before fix pack 17, and older unsupported versions grants guest users view permission to web content templates by default, which allows remote attackers to view any template via the UI or API.

In Liferay Portal before 7.3.1, Liferay Portal 6.2 EE, and Liferay DXP 7.2, DXP 7.1 and DXP 7.0, the property 'portlet.resource.id.banned.paths.regexp' can be bypassed with doubled encoded URLs.

Liferay Portal 7.2.0 through 7.4.1, and older unsupported versions, and Liferay DXP 7.3 before service pack 3, 7.2 before fix pack 18, and older unsupported versions returns with different responses depending on whether a site does not exist or if the user does not have permission to access the site, which allows remote attackers to discover the existence of sites by enumerating URLs. This vulnerability occurs if locale.prepend.friendly.url.style=2 and if a custom 404 page is used.

The Dynamic Data Mapping module in Liferay Portal 7.4.3.67, and Liferay DXP 7.4 update 67 does not limit Document and Media files which can be downloaded from a Form, which allows remote attackers to download any file from Document and Media via a crafted URL.

The Hypermedia REST APIs module in Liferay Portal 7.4.1 through 7.4.3.4, and Liferay DXP 7.4 GA does not properly check permissions, which allows remote attackers to obtain a WikiNode object via the WikiNodeResource.getSiteWikiNodeByExternalReferenceCode API.

The Friendly Url module in Liferay Portal 7.4.3.5 through 7.4.3.36, and Liferay DXP 7.4 update 1 though 36 does not properly check user permissions, which allows remote attackers to obtain the history of all friendly URLs that was assigned to a page.

An insecure default in the component auth.login.prompt.enabled of Liferay Portal v7.0.0 through v7.4.2 allows attackers to enumerate usernames, site names, and pages.

The Remote App module in Liferay Portal Liferay Portal v7.4.3.4 through v7.4.3.8 and Liferay DXP 7.4 before update 5 does not check if the origin of event messages it receives matches the origin of the Remote App, allowing attackers to exfiltrate the CSRF token via a crafted event message.

Capgo before 12.128.2 contains a credential validation vulnerability in the POST /functions/v1/private/validate_password_compliance endpoint that is callable using only the public Supabase key without authentication. The endpoint is CORS-permissive with wildcard origin allowance and lacks rate limiting, enabling attackers to perform password spraying and credential stuffing attacks to compromise user accounts.

VideoLAN VLC for Android prior to version 3.7.0 contains an authentication bypass in the Remote Access Server feature due to missing or insufficient rate limiting on one-time password (OTP) verification. The Remote Access Server uses a 4-digit OTP and does not enforce effective throttling or lockout within the OTP validity window, allowing an attacker with network reachability to the server to repeatedly attempt OTP verification until a valid user_session cookie is issued. Successful exploitation results in unauthorized access to the Remote Access interface, limited to media files explicitly shared by the VLC for Android user.

PwnDoc through 0.5.3 might allow remote attackers to identify disabled user account names by leveraging response messages for authentication attempts.

Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts in GitHub repository kareadita/kavita prior to 0.6.0.3.

Nextcloud Talk is a video and audio conferencing app for Nextcloud. Prior to versions 12.2.7, 13.0.7, and 14.0.3, password protected conversations are susceptible to brute force attacks if the attacker has the link/conversation token. It is recommended that the Nextcloud Talk application is upgraded to 12.2.7, 13.0.7 or 14.0.3. There are currently no known workarounds available apart from not having password protected conversations.

Dell SupportAssist contains a rate limit bypass issues in screenmeet API third party component. An unauthenticated attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability and impersonate a legitimate dell customer to a dell support technician.

Nextcloud server is an open source personal cloud solution. In affected versions an attacker could brute force to find if federated sharing is being used and potentially try to brute force access tokens for federated shares (`a-zA-Z0-9` ^ 15). It is recommended that the Nextcloud Server is upgraded to 22.2.9, 23.0.6 or 24.0.2. Users unable to upgrade may disable federated sharing via the Admin Sharing settings in `index.php/settings/admin/sharing`.

An issue was discovered in DSK DSKNet 2.16.136.0 and 2.17.136.5. It mishandles access control. This allows a remote attacker to access account information pages (including personal data) without being authenticated. The collected information includes the badge numbers that operate as user login names. They have a PIN code. The PIN code is 4 digits and thus can be guessed in 10000 brute force attempts.

ChurchCRM is an open-source church management system. In versions prior to 7.2.0, the public API login endpoint (/api/public/user/login) returns distinguishable HTTP response codes based on whether a username exists: 404 for non-existent users and 401 for valid users with incorrect passwords. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this difference to enumerate valid usernames, with no rate limiting or account lockout to impede the process. This issue has been fixed in version 7.2.0.

WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. In versions up to and including 26.0, the `get_api_video_password_is_correct` API endpoint allows any unauthenticated user to verify whether a given password is correct for any password-protected video. The endpoint returns a boolean `passwordIsCorrect` field with no rate limiting, CAPTCHA, or authentication requirement, enabling efficient offline-speed brute-force attacks against video passwords. Commit 01a0614fedcdaee47832c0d913a0fb86d8c28135 contains a patch.

Fuel CMS 1.5.0 has a brute force vulnerability in fuel/modules/fuel/controllers/Login.php

Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, Improper Authentication vulnerability in Doruk Communication and Automation Industry and Trade Inc. Wispotter allows Password Brute Forcing, Brute Force. This issue affects Wispotter: from 1.0 before v2025.10.08.1.

OPNsense is a FreeBSD based firewall and routing platform. Prior to 26.1.7, a logic flaw in the OPNsense lockout_handler allows an unauthenticated attacker to continuously reset the authentication failure counter for their IP address. By interjecting a crafted username containing a success keyword ("Accepted" or "Successful login") between normal brute-force attempts, an attacker can prevent the failure counter from ever reaching the lockout threshold. This vulnerability is fixed in 26.1.7.

An issue was discovered in Fimer Aurora Vision before 2.97.10. The response to a failed login attempt discloses whether the username or password is wrong, helping an attacker to enumerate usernames. This can make a brute-force attack easier.

IBM WebSphere Application Server 7.0, 8.0, 8.5, 9.0 and Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 21.0.0.9 could allow a remote user to enumerate usernames due to a difference of responses from valid and invalid login attempts. IBM X-Force ID: 205202.

A vulnerability has been identified in Location Intelligence family (All versions < V4.4). Affected products do not properly enforce restriction of excessive authentication attempts. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to conduct brute force attacks against legitimate user passwords.

OPEXUS FOIAXpress Public Access Link (PAL) version v11.1.0 allows attackers to bypass account-lockout and CAPTCHA protections. Unauthenticated remote attackers can more easily brute force passwords.

Hikvision DVR DS-7204HGHI-F1 V4.0.1 build 180903 Web Version sends a different response for failed ISAPI/Security/sessionLogin/capabilities login attempts depending on whether the user account exists, which might make it easier to enumerate users. However, only about 4 or 5 failed logins are allowed.

calibre is a cross-platform e-book manager for viewing, converting, editing, and cataloging e-books. Prior to version 9.4.0, the calibre Content Server's brute-force protection mechanism uses a ban key derived from both `remote_addr` and the `X-Forwarded-For` header. Since the `X-Forwarded-For` header is read directly from the HTTP request without any validation or trusted-proxy configuration, an attacker can bypass IP-based bans by simply changing or adding this header, rendering the brute-force protection completely ineffective. This is particularly dangerous for calibre servers exposed to the internet, where brute-force protection is the primary defense against credential stuffing and password guessing attacks. Version 9.4.0 contains a fix for the issue.

The FTP server’s login mechanism does not restrict authentication attempts, allowing an attacker to brute-force user passwords and potentially compromising the FTP server.

The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame, making it susceptible to brute-force attacks.

A JSON Injection vulnerability exists in the `mintplex-labs/anything-llm` application, specifically within the username parameter during the login process at the `/api/request-token` endpoint. The vulnerability arises from improper handling of values, allowing attackers to perform brute force attacks without prior knowledge of the username. Once the password is known, attackers can conduct blind attacks to ascertain the full username, significantly compromising system security.

SAP NetWeaver AS Java allows an unauthenticated attacker to brute force the login functionality in order to identify the legitimate user IDs. This has an impact on confidentiality but not on integrity or availability.

TGstation is a toolset to manage production BYOND servers. In affected versions if a Windows user was registered in tgstation-server (TGS), an attacker could discover their username by brute-forcing the login endpoint with an invalid password. When a valid Windows logon was found, a distinct response would be generated. This issue has been addressed in version 5.12.5. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade may be mitigated by rate-limiting API calls with software that sits in front of TGS in the HTTP pipeline such as fail2ban.

Due to insufficient server-side login attempt limit enforcement, a vulnerability in the SSH login service of Juniper Networks Juniper Advanced Threat Prevention (JATP) Series and Virtual JATP (vJATP) devices allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to perform multiple login attempts in excess of the configured login attempt limit. Successful exploitation will allow the attacker to perform brute-force password attacks on the SSH service. This issue affects: Juniper Networks JATP and vJATP versions prior to 5.0.6.0.

Nextcloud Server is a Nextcloud package that handles data storage. In versions prior to 19.0.13, 20.011, and 21.0.3, there was a lack of ratelimiting on the shareinfo endpoint. This may have allowed an attacker to enumerate potentially valid share tokens. The issue was fixed in versions 19.0.13, 20.0.11, and 21.0.3. There are no known workarounds.

A vulnerability was found in Thecosy IceCMS 2.0.1. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function of the file /login of the component Captcha Handler. The manipulation leads to improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-247884.

Nextcloud server is an open source, personal cloud implementation. In affected versions a malicious user could try to reset the password of another user and then brute force the 62^21 combinations for the password reset token. As of commit `704eb3aa` password reset attempts are now throttled. Note that 62^21 combinations would significant compute resources to brute force. None the less it is recommended that the Nextcloud Server is upgraded to 24.0.10 or 25.0.4. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

Umbraco is an ASP.NET content management system (CMS). Starting in version 8.0.0 and prior to versions 8.18.10, 10.8.1, and 12.3.4, a brute force exploit can be used to collect valid usernames. Versions 8.18.10, 10.8.1, and 12.3.4 contain a patch for this issue.