Moxa Arm-based industrial computers running Moxa Industrial Linux Secure use a device-unique bootloader password provided on the device. An attacker with physical access to the device could use this information to access the bootloader menu via a serial interface.  Access to the bootloader menu does not allow full system takeover or privilege escalation. The bootloader enforces digital signature verification and only permits flashing of Moxa-signed images. As a result, an attacker cannot install malicious firmware or execute arbitrary code. The primary impact is limited to a potential temporary denial-of-service condition if a valid image is reflashed. Remote exploitation is not possible.

An attacker with physical access to the affected Moxa UC Series devices can initiate a restart of the device and gain access to its BIOS. Command line options can then be altered, allowing the attacker to access the terminal. From the terminal, the attacker can modify the device’s authentication files to create a new user and gain full access to the system.

A vulnerability exists in serial device servers where active debug code remains enabled in the UART interface. An attacker with physical access to the device can directly connect to the UART interface and, without authentication, user interaction, or execution conditions, gain unauthorized access to internal debug functionality. Exploitation is low complexity and allows an attacker to execute privileged operations and access sensitive system resources, resulting in a high impact to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected device. No security impact to external or dependent systems has been identified.

A vulnerability has been identified in PT-G503 Series firmware versions prior to v5.2, where the Secure attribute for sensitive cookies in HTTPS sessions is not set, which could cause the cookie to be transmitted in plaintext over an HTTP session. The vulnerability may lead to security risks, potentially exposing user session data to unauthorized access and manipulation.

An issue was discovered on Moxa MGate MB3170 and MB3270 devices before 4.1, MB3280 and MB3480 devices before 3.1, MB3660 devices before 2.3, and MB3180 devices before 2.1. Sensitive information is sent to the web server in cleartext, which may allow an attacker to discover the credentials if they are able to observe traffic between the web browser and the server.

In Moxa EDS-G516E Series firmware, Version 5.2 or lower, sensitive information is transmitted over some web applications in cleartext.

In Moxa ioLogik 2500 series firmware, Version 3.0 or lower, and IOxpress configuration utility, Version 2.3.0 or lower, sensitive information is transmitted over some web applications in clear text.

The NPort IA5000A Series devices use Telnet as one of the network device management services. Telnet does not support the encryption of client-server communications, making it vulnerable to Man-in-the-Middle attacks.

Cleartext transmission of sensitive information via Moxa Service in NPort IA5000A series serial devices. Successfully exploiting the vulnerability could enable attackers to read authentication data, device configuration, and other sensitive data transmitted over Moxa Service.

The built-in WEB server for MOXA NPort IAW5000A-I/O firmware version 2.1 or lower stores and transmits the credentials of third-party services in cleartext.

Moxa IKS-G6824A series Versions 4.5 and prior, EDS-405A series Version 3.8 and prior, EDS-408A series Version 3.8 and prior, and EDS-510A series Version 3.8 and prior use plaintext transmission of sensitive data, which may allow an attacker to capture sensitive data such as an administrative password.

The affected products contain vulnerable firmware, which could allow an attacker to sniff the traffic and decrypt login credential details. This could give an attacker admin rights through the HTTP web server.

A vulnerability has been identified in OnCell G3150A-LTE Series firmware versions v1.3 and prior. The vulnerability results from lack of protection for sensitive information during transmission. An attacker eavesdropping on the traffic between the web browser and server may obtain sensitive information. This type of attack could be executed to gather sensitive information or to facilitate a subsequent attack against the target.

A cleartext transmission vulnerability exists in the web application functionality of Moxa SDS-3008 Series Industrial Ethernet Switch 2.1. A specially-crafted network sniffing can lead to a disclosure of sensitive information. An attacker can sniff network traffic to trigger this vulnerability.

Moxa OnCell G3100-HSPA Series version 1.6 Build 17100315 and prior use a proprietary monitoring protocol that does not provide confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity security controls. All information is sent in plain text, and can be intercepted and modified. The protocol is vulnerable to remote unauthenticated disclosure of sensitive information, including the administrator's password. Under certain conditions, it's also possible to retrieve additional information, such as content of HTTP requests to the device, or the previously used password, due to memory leakages.

Moxa OnCell G3100-HSPA Series version 1.6 Build 17100315 and prior use a proprietary configuration protocol that does not provide confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity security controls. All information is sent in plain text, and can be intercepted and modified. Any commands (including device reboot, configuration download or upload, or firmware upgrade) are accepted and executed by the device without authentication.

An information disclosure vulnerability exists in the Web Application functionality of Moxa MXView Series 3.2.4. Network sniffing can lead to a disclosure of sensitive information. An attacker can sniff network traffic to exploit this vulnerability.

Netgear RAX43 version 1.0.3.96 does not utilize secure communications to the web interface. By default, all communication to/from the device is sent via HTTP, which causes potentially sensitive information (such as usernames and passwords) to be transmitted in cleartext.