A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in kylin-system-updater up to 1.4.20kord on Ubuntu Kylin. Affected is the function InstallSnap of the component Update Handler. The manipulation leads to command injection. The attack needs to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-222600.

A command injection vulnerability in sftp command processing on Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows an attacker with authenticated CLI access to be able to bypass configured access protections to execute arbitrary shell commands within the context of the current user. The vulnerability allows an attacker to bypass command authorization restrictions assigned to their specific user account and execute commands that are available to the privilege level for which the user is assigned. For example, a user that is in the super-user login class, but restricted to executing specific CLI commands could exploit the vulnerability to execute any other command available to an unrestricted admin user. This vulnerability does not increase the privilege level of the user, but rather bypasses any CLI command restrictions by allowing full access to the shell. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved: All versions prior to 20.4R2-S2-EVO; 21.1 versions prior to 21.1R2-EVO; 21.2 versions prior to 21.2R1-S1-EVO, 21.2R2-EVO.

A command injection vulnerability in command processing on Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows an attacker with authenticated CLI access to be able to bypass configured access protections to execute arbitrary shell commands within the context of the current user. The vulnerability allows an attacker to bypass command authorization restrictions assigned to their specific user account and execute commands that are available to the privilege level for which the user is assigned. For example, a user that is in the super-user login class, but restricted to executing specific CLI commands could exploit the vulnerability to execute any other command available to an unrestricted admin user. This vulnerability does not increase the privilege level of the user, but rather bypasses any CLI command restrictions by allowing full access to the shell. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved: All versions prior to 20.4R3-S1-EVO; All versions of 21.1-EVO and 21.2-EVO.

In SaltStack Salt 2016.9 through 3002.6, a command injection vulnerability exists in the snapper module that allows for local privilege escalation on a minion. The attack requires that a file is created with a pathname that is backed up by snapper, and that the master calls the snapper.diff function (which executes popen unsafely).

A command injection vulnerability in tcpdump command processing on Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved allows an attacker with authenticated CLI access to be able to bypass configured access protections to execute arbitrary shell commands within the context of the current user. The vulnerability allows an attacker to bypass command authorization restrictions assigned to their specific user account and execute commands that are available to the privilege level for which the user is assigned. For example, a user that is in the super-user login class, but restricted to executing specific CLI commands could exploit the vulnerability to execute any other command available to an unrestricted admin user. This vulnerability does not increase the privilege level of the user, but rather bypasses any CLI command restrictions by allowing full access to the shell. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved: All versions prior to 20.3R2-S1-EVO; 20.4 versions prior to 20.4R2-S2-EVO; 21.1 versions prior to 21.1R2-EVO; 21.2 versions prior to 21.2R1-S1-EVO, 21.2R2-EVO.

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 1.5.90, run_python() in praisonai constructs a shell command string by interpolating user-controlled code into python3 -c "<code>" and passing it to subprocess.run(..., shell=True). The escaping logic only handles \ and ", leaving $() and backtick substitutions unescaped, allowing arbitrary OS command execution before Python is invoked. This issue has been patched in version 1.5.90.

The text-to-speech engine in libretro RetroArch for Windows 1.9.0 passes unsanitized input to PowerShell through platform_win32.c via the accessibility_speak_windows function, which allows attackers who have write access on filesystems that are used by RetroArch to execute code via command injection using specially a crafted file and directory names.

SOUND4 IMPACT/FIRST/PULSE/Eco <=2.x contains a conditional command injection vulnerability that allows local authenticated users to create malicious files in the /tmp directory. Unauthenticated attackers can execute commands by making a single HTTP POST request to the traceroute.php script, which triggers the malicious file and then deletes it after execution.

Pi-hole is a Linux network-level advertisement and Internet tracker blocking application. Multiple privilege escalation vulnerabilities were discovered in version 5.2.4 of Pi-hole core. See the referenced GitHub security advisory for details.

Glances is an open-source system cross-platform monitoring tool. Prior to version 4.5.3, Glances supports dynamic configuration values in which substrings enclosed in backticks are executed as system commands during configuration parsing. This behavior occurs in Config.get_value() and is implemented without validation or restriction of the executed commands. If an attacker can modify or influence configuration files, arbitrary commands will execute automatically with the privileges of the Glances process during startup or configuration reload. In deployments where Glances runs with elevated privileges (e.g., as a system service), this may lead to privilege escalation. This issue has been patched in version 4.5.3.

Accellion FTA 9_12_411 and earlier is affected by OS command execution via a local web service call. The fixed version is FTA_9_12_416 and later.

OpenClaw versions 2026.2.26 prior to 2026.3.1 on Windows contain a current working directory injection vulnerability in wrapper resolution for .cmd/.bat files that allows attackers to influence execution behavior through cwd manipulation. Remote attackers can exploit improper shell execution fallback mechanisms to achieve command execution integrity loss by controlling the current working directory during wrapper resolution.

SOUND4 IMPACT/FIRST/PULSE/Eco <=2.x contains a conditional command injection vulnerability that allows local authenticated users to create malicious files in the /tmp directory. Unauthenticated attackers can execute commands by making a single HTTP POST request to the vulnerable ping.php script, which triggers the malicious file and then deletes it.

SOUND4 IMPACT/FIRST/PULSE/Eco <=2.x contains a command injection vulnerability that allows local authenticated users to create malicious files in the /tmp directory with .dns.pid extension. Unauthenticated attackers can execute the malicious commands by making a single HTTP POST request to the vulnerable dns.php script, which triggers command execution and then deletes the file.

An improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS Command vulnerability in FortiAP's console 6.4.1 through 6.4.5 and 6.2.4 through 6.2.5 may allow an authenticated attacker to execute unauthorized commands by running the kdbg CLI command with specifically crafted arguments.

OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.19 contain a command injection vulnerability in the Lobster extension tool execution that uses Windows shell fallback with shell: true after spawn failures. Attackers can inject shell metacharacters in command arguments to execute arbitrary commands when subprocess launch fails with EINVAL or ENOENT errors.

An OS command injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in FortiWAN version 4.5.7 and below Command Line Interface may allow a local, authenticated and unprivileged attacker to escalate their privileges to root via executing a specially-crafted command.An OS command injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in FortiWAN Command Line Interface may allow a local, authenticated and unprivileged attacker to escalate their privileges to root via executing a specially-crafted command.

A vulnerability in Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software (NFVIS) could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system (OS) of an affected device as root. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of a configuration file that is accessible to a local shell user. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by including malicious input during the execution of this file. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying OS as root.

An exploitable vulnerability exists in the verified boot protection of the CUJO Smart Firewall. It is possible to add arbitrary shell commands into the dhcpd.conf file, that persist across reboots and firmware updates, and thus allow for executing unverified commands. To trigger this vulnerability, a local attacker needs to be able to write into /config/dhcpd.conf.

An exploitable command injection vulnerability exists in the gplotMakeOutput function of Leptonica 1.74.4. A specially crafted gplot rootname argument can cause a command injection resulting in arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious path as input to an application that passes attacker data to this function to trigger this vulnerability.

bleon-ethical/api-gateway-deploy provides API gateway deployment. Version 1.0.0 is vulnerable to an attack chain involving OS Command Injection and Privilege Escalation. This allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges within the container, potentially leading to a container escape and unauthorized infrastructure modifications. This is fixed in version 1.0.1 by implementing strict input sanitization and secure delimiters in entrypoint.sh, enforcing a non-root user (appuser) in the Dockerfile, and establishing mandatory security quality gates.

Fleet is open source device management software. Prior to 4.81.1, the Orbit agent's FileVault disk encryption key rotation flow on collects a local user's password via a GUI dialog and interpolates it directly into a Tcl/expect script executed via exec.Command("expect", "-c", script). Because the password is inserted into Tcl brace-quoted send {%s}, a password containing } terminates the literal and injects arbitrary Tcl commands. Since Orbit runs as root, this allows a local unprivileged user to escalate to root privileges. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.81.1.

gradle-completion provides Bash and Zsh completion support for Gradle. A command injection vulnerability was found in gradle-completion up to and including 9.3.0 that allows arbitrary code execution when a user triggers Bash tab completion in a project containing a malicious Gradle build file. The `gradle-completion` script for Bash fails to adequately sanitize Gradle task names and task descriptions, allowing command injection via a malicious Gradle build file when the user completes a command in Bash (without them explicitly running any task in the build). For example, given a task description that includes a string between backticks, then that string would be evaluated as a command when presenting the task description in the completion list. While task execution is the core feature of Gradle, this inherent execution may lead to unexpected outcomes. The vulnerability does not affect zsh completion. The first patched version is 9.3.1. As a workaround, it is possible and effective to temporarily disable bash completion for Gradle by removing `gradle-completion` from `.bashrc` or `.bash_profile`.

Inspektor Gadget is a set of tools and framework for data collection and system inspection on Kubernetes clusters and Linux hosts using eBPF. The `ig` binary provides a subcommand for image building, used to generate custom gadget OCI images. A part of this functionality is implemented in the file `inspektor-gadget/cmd/common/image/build.go`. The `Makefile.build` file is the Makefile template employed during the building process. This file includes user-controlled data in an unsafe fashion, specifically some parameters are embedded without an adequate escaping in the commands inside the Makefile. Prior to version 0.48.1, this implementation is vulnerable to command injection: an attacker able to control values in the `buildOptions` structure would be able to execute arbitrary commands during the building process. An attacker able to exploit this vulnerability would be able to execute arbitrary command on the Linux host where the `ig` command is launched, if images are built with the `--local` flag or on the build container invoked by `ig`, if the `--local` flag is not provided. The `buildOptions` structure is extracted from the YAML gadget manifest passed to the `ig image build` command. Therefore, the attacker would need a way to control either the full `build.yml` file passed to the `ig image build` command, or one of its options. Typically, this could happen in a CI/CD scenario that builds untrusted gadgets to verify correctness. Version 0.51.1 fixes the issue.

Dell Unity, version(s) 5.5.2 and prior, contain(s) an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to arbitrary command execution with root privileges.

close_altfile in filename.c in less before 606 omits shell_quote calls for LESSCLOSE.

A vulnerability was determined in neurobin shc up to 4.0.3. This vulnerability affects the function make of the file src/shc.c of the component Filename Handler. Executing manipulation can lead to os command injection. The attack can only be executed locally. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.

Phicomm K2 v22.6.534.263 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the autoUpTime parameter in the automatic upgrade function.

Phicomm K2G v22.6.3.20 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the autoUpTime parameter in the automatic upgrade function.

pnpm is a package manager. Versions 6.25.0 through 10.26.2 have a Command Injection vulnerability when using environment variable substitution in .npmrc configuration files with tokenHelper settings. An attacker who can control environment variables during pnpm operations could achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) in build environments. This issue is fixed in version 10.27.0.

An OS command injection vulnerability in the com.sprd.engineermode component in Doogee Note59, Note59 Pro, and Note59 Pro+ allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code and escalate privileges via the EngineerMode ADB shell, due to incomplete patching of CVE-2025-31710

A command injection vulnerability exists in Windscribe for Linux Desktop App that allows a local user who is a member of the windscribe group to execute arbitrary commands as root via the 'adapterName' parameter of the 'changeMTU' function. Fixed in Windscribe v2.18.3-alpha and v2.18.8.

AWStats 8.0 is vulnerable to Command Injection via the open function

The default console presented to users over telnet (when enabled) is restricted to a subset of commands. Commands issued at this console, however, appear to be fed directly into a system call or other similar function. This allows any authenticated user to execute arbitrary commands on the device.

A vulnerability in the command-line interface (CLI) in the Cisco SD-WAN Solution could allow an authenticated, local attacker to inject arbitrary commands that are executed with root privileges. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by authenticating to the device and submitting crafted input to the CLI utility. The attacker must be authenticated to access the CLI utility. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute commands with root privileges.

Proxifier for Mac before 2.19.2, when first run, allows local users to gain privileges by replacing the KLoader binary with a Trojan horse program.

Asterisk is an open-source private branch exchange (PBX). Prior to versions 18.26.2, 20.14.1, 21.9.1, and 22.4.1 of Asterisk and versions 18.9-cert14 and 20.7-cert5 of certified-asterisk, trying to disallow shell commands to be run via the Asterisk command line interface (CLI) by configuring `cli_permissions.conf` (e.g. with the config line `deny=!*`) does not work which could lead to a security risk. If an administrator running an Asterisk instance relies on the `cli_permissions.conf` file to work and expects it to deny all attempts to execute shell commands, then this could lead to a security vulnerability. Versions 18.26.2, 20.14.1, 21.9.1, and 22.4.1 of Asterisk and versions 18.9-cert14 and 20.7-cert5 of certified-asterisk fix the issue.

OS Command injection vulnerability in sleuthkit fls tool 4.11.1 allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted value to the m parameter. NOTE: third parties have disputed this because there is no analysis showing that the backtick command executes outside the context of the user account that entered the command line.

Dell Unity, version(s) 5.5 and prior, contain(s) an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges.

IBM Spectrum Scale 5.1.0.1 through 5.1.4.1 could allow a local attacker to execute arbitrary commands in the container. IBM X-Force ID: 239437.

Multiple vulnerabilities in the CLI of Cisco IOS XR Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker with a low-privileged account to elevate privileges on an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.

Dell Unity, version(s) 5.5 and prior, contain(s) an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges.

A improper neutralization of special elements used in an os command ('os command injection') in Fortinet FortiWeb version 7.0.0 through 7.0.3, FortiADC version 7.1.0 through 7.1.1, FortiADC version 7.0.0 through 7.0.3, FortiADC 6.2 all versions, FortiADC 6.1 all versions, FortiADC 6.0 all versions, FortiADC 5.4 all versions, FortiADC 5.3 all versions, FortiADC 5.2 all versions, FortiADC 5.1 all versions allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specifically crafted arguments to existing commands.

Dell Unity, version(s) 5.5 and Prior, contain(s) an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Command execution and Elevation of privileges.

A command injection vulnerability in Brocade Fabric OS before 9.2.0c, and 9.2.1 through 9.2.1a on IP extension platforms could allow a local authenticated attacker to perform a privileged escalation via crafted use of the portcfg command. This specific exploitation is only possible on IP Extension platforms: Brocade 7810, Brocade 7840, Brocade 7850 and on Brocade X6 or X7 directors with an SX-6 Extension blade installed. The attacker must be logged into the switch via SSH or serial console to conduct the attack.

Dell PowerProtect Data Manager, version(s) 19.19 and 19.20, Hyper-V contain(s) an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Command execution.

A command injection vulnerability in the CGI program of the Zyxel VPN2S firmware version 1.12 could allow an authenticated, local user to execute arbitrary OS commands.

Dell Unity, version(s) 5.5 and Prior, contain(s) an Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary command with root privileges. This vulnerability only affects systems without a valid license install.

spice-vdagent up to and including 0.17.0 does not properly escape save directory before passing to shell, allowing local attacker with access to the session the agent runs in to inject arbitrary commands to be executed.

A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE LPE9403 (6GK5998-3GS00-2AC2) (All versions with SINEMA Remote Connect Edge Client installed). Affected devices do not properly sanitize configuration parameters. This could allow a non-privileged local attacker to execute root commands on the device.