HMAC zero-length tag forgery in EVP_DigestVerifyFinal, where a zero-length tag could be accepted as valid during HMAC verification. In the OpenSSL-compatibility HMAC verify path the supplied signature length was only checked as not exceeding the MAC length, so a zero-length or otherwise truncated tag could pass verification. The fix requires the supplied tag length to exactly equal the MAC length and rejects a zero-length MAC, so a forged short or empty tag is no longer accepted.

wolfSSL_PKCS7_verify() returning success for a degenerate (certs-only) PKCS#7 object that contains no signer. Such an object has empty signerInfos, so the underlying signed-data verification succeeds without authenticating any content. The compatibility-layer verify path now rejects the object when no signer signature has actually been verified, so a PKCS#7 carrying no valid signature is no longer reported as verified. This is enforced regardless of the PKCS7_NOVERIFY flag, which only suppresses signer certificate chain validation and was never intended to waive the requirement that a signature exist. Only affects OpenSSL compatibility builds that call the PKCS7_verify() compatibility API on potentially degenerate PKCS#7 bundles.

wolfssl before 3.2.0 has a server certificate that is not properly authorized for server authentication.

wolfssl before 3.2.0 does not properly authorize CA certificate for signing other certificates.

Out-of-bounds write in SetSuitesHashSigAlgo when processing an oversized signature algorithms list, allowing a write past the bounds of the destination buffer.

wc_Blake2bHmacFinal and wc_Blake2sHmacFinal discard the message when the key length exceeds the block size, producing a MAC that is independent of the input. When the supplied key is longer than the BLAKE2 block size the key-hashing branch reinitialized the running hash state, discarding the accumulated message data, so the resulting MAC depended only on the key and not on the message being authenticated. This bug is specific to the HMAC-BLAKE2 APIs that were added in wolfSSL version 5.9.0.

iPAddress name constraints bypass when WOLFSSL_IP_ALT_NAME is not defined. IP address name constraints are not enforced in that configuration, allowing a certificate to bypass an issuing CA's IP address constraints.

X.509 name constraint bypass via the Subject Common Name when treated as a DNS-type name. A certificate whose Subject CN violates an issuing CA's DNS name constraints could be accepted.

Heap buffer overflow in CertFromX509 via AuthorityKeyIdentifier size confusion. A heap buffer overflow occurs when converting an X.509 certificate internally due to incorrect size handling of the AuthorityKeyIdentifier extension.

An integer overflow existed in the wolfCrypt CMAC implementation, that could be exploited to forge CMAC tags. The function wc_CmacUpdate used the guard `if (cmac->totalSz != 0)` to skip XOR-chaining on the first block (where digest is all-zeros and the XOR is a no-op). However, totalSz is word32 and wraps to zero after 2^28 block flushes (4 GiB), causing the guard to erroneously discard the live CBC-MAC chain state. Any two messages sharing a common suffix beyond the 4 GiB mark then produce identical CMAC tags, enabling a zero-work prefix-substitution forgery. The fix removes the guard, making the XOR unconditional; the no-op property on the first block is preserved because digest is zero-initialized by wc_InitCmac_ex.

Un-negotiated Raw Public Key (RFC 7250) accepted in place of an X.509 certificate, bypassing chain validation. A raw public key has no chain, so ParseCertRelative() accepts it without performing any trust verification; it must therefore only be accepted when RPK was actually negotiated for that peer. The check now defaults the expected type to X.509 (per RFC 7250/8446) when no type was negotiated, comparing against the received server certificate type on the client and the selected client certificate type on the server, and rejects any mismatch, including an un-negotiated raw public key, with UNSUPPORTED_CERTIFICATE. Only affects builds with Raw Public Key support (HAVE_RPK) enabled - disabled by default in a standalone build, but included in --enable-all.

wolfssl before 3.2.0 does not properly issue certificates for a server's hostname.

In wolfSSL 5.8.2 and earlier, a logic flaw existed in the TLS 1.2 server state machine implementation. The server could incorrectly accept the CertificateVerify message before the ClientKeyExchange message had been received. This issue affects wolfSSL before 5.8.4 (wolfSSL 5.8.2 and earlier is vulnerable, 5.8.4 is not vulnerable). In 5.8.4 wolfSSL would detect the issue later in the handshake. 5.9.0 was further hardened to catch the issue earlier in the handshake.

In wolfSSL before 5.2.0, a TLS 1.3 server cannot properly enforce a requirement for mutual authentication. A client can simply omit the certificate_verify message from the handshake, and never present a certificate.

X.509 trust-chain bypass (path-depth exhaustion) in the OpenSSL compatibility certificate verifier (wolfSSL_X509_verify_cert()). This affects only builds with --enable-opensslextra whose application calls X509_verify_cert() with caller-supplied untrusted intermediates; for those users it is critical, otherwise the library is unaffected. Native wolfSSL TLS/DTLS usage is not impacted. X509_verify_cert() returned success based only on the last verified link rather than on reaching a trust anchor: when the supplied chain is deeper than the verifier's maximum path depth (default 100), path building runs out of depth while still walking untrusted intermediates and the chain is accepted even though it never reaches a configured trust anchor, allowing acceptance of an attacker-controlled certificate. The default TLS handshake (WOLFSSL_VERIFY_PEER) is not affected; only applications doing manual or deferred verification through this API are.

Missing SNI/ALPN binding on stateful (session-ID) resumption, which previously skipped the binding check performed for ticket-based resumption. A cached session could be resumed under a different SNI/ALPN than originally negotiated and, where client-authentication policy differs across virtual hosts, carry the cached peer-authentication state into a context it was not established for. Resumption now verifies the SNI/ALPN binding for all paths and declines (falling back to a full handshake) on mismatch.

X.509 trust-chain bypass in the OpenSSL compatibility certificate verifier (wolfSSL_X509_verify_cert()). This affects only builds with --enable-opensslextra (OPENSSL_EXTRA) and whose application validates certificates by calling X509_verify_cert() with caller-supplied untrusted intermediate certificates; for those users it is critical, otherwise the library is unaffected. In particular, native wolfSSL TLS/DTLS usage is not impacted. wolfSSL's X509_verify_cert() temporarily loads each caller-supplied untrusted intermediate into the certificate manager but failed to drop them before the trusted-store check, so an untrusted intermediate could anchor the path itself. An attacker can present a chain that never reaches a configured trust anchor and have it accepted, resulting in acceptance of an attacker-controlled certificate. This is certificate verification independent of TLS (e.g. S/MIME/CMS, code/firmware signing, JWT/JWS x5c), is not specific to any key type or algorithm, and a single untrusted intermediate suffices. The default wolfSSL TLS handshake (WOLFSSL_VERIFY_PEER) is not affected; only TLS applications doing manual or deferred peer verification through this API are, which also requires --enable-sessioncerts.

wolfSSL before 4.3.0 mishandles calls to wc_SignatureGenerateHash, leading to fault injection in RSA cryptography.

PKCS#12 MAC verification uses an attacker-controlled comparison length, weakening the integrity check on the MAC and allowing a mismatched MAC to be accepted. The PKCS#12 verify path compared the locally computed HMAC against the MAC parsed from the PKCS#12 structure using a length taken directly from the attacker-supplied input, without first verifying that it equals the length of the digest actually produced by the configured algorithm. A truncated or zero-length stored MAC could therefore be accepted, defeating the integrity protection of the MAC.

wolfSSL's ECCSI signature verifier `wc_VerifyEccsiHash` decodes the `r` and `s` scalars from the signature blob via `mp_read_unsigned_bin` with no check that they lie in `[1, q-1]`. A crafted forged signature could verify against any message for any identity, using only publicly-known constants.

In Bouncy Castle JCE Provider version 1.55 and earlier the DSA does not fully validate ASN.1 encoding of signature on verification. It is possible to inject extra elements in the sequence making up the signature and still have it validate, which in some cases may allow the introduction of 'invisible' data into a signed structure.

bubble fireworks is an open source java package relating to Spring Framework. In bubble fireworks before version 2021.BUILD-SNAPSHOT there is a vulnerability in which the package did not properly verify the signature of JSON Web Tokens. This allows to forgery of valid JWTs.

Grandstream BudgeTone (BT) 100 Voice over IP (VoIP) phones do not properly check the Call-ID, branch, and tag values in a NOTIFY message to verify a subscription, which allows remote attackers to spoof messages such as the "Messages waiting" message.

Cisco 7940/7960 Voice over IP (VoIP) phones do not properly check the Call-ID, branch, and tag values in a NOTIFY message to verify a subscription, which allows remote attackers to spoof messages such as the "Messages waiting" message.

Anti-tampering can be disabled under certain conditions without signature validation. This affects Zscaler Client Connector <4.2.0.190 with anti-tampering enabled.

In JetBrains ToolBox version 1.17 before 1.17.6856, the set of signature verifications omitted the jetbrains-toolbox.exe file.

PySAML2 before 5.0.0 does not check that the signature in a SAML document is enveloped and thus signature wrapping is effective, i.e., it is affected by XML Signature Wrapping (XSW). The signature information and the node/object that is signed can be in different places and thus the signature verification will succeed, but the wrong data will be used. This specifically affects the verification of assertion that have been signed.

Cisco IOS software 11.3 through 12.2 running on Cisco uBR7200 and uBR7100 series Universal Broadband Routers allows remote attackers to modify Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) settings via a DOCSIS file without a Message Integrity Check (MIC) signature, which is approved by the router.

LibreOffice supports digital signatures of ODF documents and macros within documents, presenting visual aids that no alteration of the document occurred since the last signing and that the signature is valid. An Improper Certificate Validation vulnerability in LibreOffice allowed an attacker to create a digitally signed ODF document, by manipulating the documentsignatures.xml or macrosignatures.xml stream within the document to contain both "X509Data" and "KeyValue" children of the "KeyInfo" tag, which when opened caused LibreOffice to verify using the "KeyValue" but to report verification with the unrelated "X509Data" value. This issue affects: The Document Foundation LibreOffice 7.2 versions prior to 7.2.5.

MITRE is populating this ID because it was assigned prior to Lenovo becoming a CNA. A vulnerability was reported (fixed and publicly disclosed in 2015) in Lenovo System Update version 5.07.0008 and prior that could allow the signature check of an update to be bypassed.

The "Apache NetBeans" autoupdate system does not fully validate code signatures. An attacker could modify the downloaded nbm and include additional code. "Apache NetBeans" versions up to and including 11.2 are affected by this vulnerability.

A flaw was found in Keycloak. When a JSON Web Encryption (JWE) encrypted request object is submitted, Keycloak may incorrectly process unsigned claims if the decrypted content is raw JSON, bypassing the configured signature policy. This allows a remote attacker to submit unauthorized claims, leading to a compromise of data integrity within the OpenID Connect (OIDC) authorization flow. While a redirect URI allowlist acts as a compensating control, this vulnerability violates OIDC Core and Financial-grade API (FAPI) signing requirements.

samlify is a Node.js library for SAML single sign-on. A Signature Wrapping attack has been found in samlify prior to version 2.10.0, allowing an attacker to forge a SAML Response to authenticate as any user. An attacker would need a signed XML document by the identity provider. Version 2.10.0 fixes the issue.

Lasso all versions prior to 2.7.0 has improper verification of a cryptographic signature.

Union Pay up to 3.4.93.4.9, for android, contains a CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature vulnerability, allows attackers to shop for free in merchants' websites and mobile apps, via a crafted authentication code (MAC) which is generated based on a secret key which is NULL.

Suricata is a network Intrusion Detection System, Intrusion Prevention System and Network Security Monitoring engine. The AF_PACKET defrag option is enabled by default and allows AF_PACKET to re-assemble fragmented packets before reaching Suricata. However the default packet size in Suricata is based on the network interface MTU which leads to Suricata seeing truncated packets. Upgrade to Suricata 7.0.9, which uses better defaults and adds warnings for user configurations that may lead to issues.

phpseclib before 2.0.31 and 3.x before 3.0.7 mishandles RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification.

lepture Authlib before 1.3.1 has algorithm confusion with asymmetric public keys. Unless an algorithm is specified in a jwt.decode call, HMAC verification is allowed with any asymmetric public key. (This is similar to CVE-2022-29217 and CVE-2024-33663.)

pass through 1.7.3 has a possibility of using a password for an unintended resource. For exploitation to occur, the user must do a git pull, decrypt a password, and log into a remote service with the password. If an attacker controls the central Git server or one of the other members' machines, and also controls one of the services already in the password store, they can rename one of the password files in the Git repository to something else: pass doesn't correctly verify that the content of a file matches the filename, so a user might be tricked into decrypting the wrong password and sending that to a service that the attacker controls. NOTE: for environments in which this threat model is of concern, signing commits can be a solution.

Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm vulnerability in Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. BC-JAVA bcpkix on all (pkix modules), Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. BCPKIX-FIPS bcpkix on All (pkix modules), Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. BCPIX-LTS bcpkix on All (pkix modules). This vulnerability is associated with program files JcaContentVerifierProviderBuilder.Java, JcaContentVerfierProviderBuilder.Java. This issue affects BC-JAVA: from 1.67 before 1.80.2, from 1.81 before 1.81.1, from 1.82 before 1.84; BCPKIX-FIPS: from 2.0.6 before 2.0.11, from 2.1.7 before 2.1.11; BCPIX-LTS: from 2.73.7 before 2.73.11.

The Payment Gateway for Redsys & WooCommerce Lite plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature in versions up to, and including, 7.0.0 due to successful_request() handlers calculating a local signature but not validating Ds_Signature from the request before accepting payment status across the Redsys, Bizum, and Google Pay gateway flows. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to forge payment callback data and mark pending orders as paid when they know a valid order key and order amount, potentially allowing checkout completion and product or service fulfillment without a successful payment.

The bitcoinj library is a Java implementation of the Bitcoin protocol. Prior to 0.17.1, ScriptExecution.correctlySpends() contains two fast-path verification bugs for standard P2PKH and native P2WPKH spends in core/src/main/java/org/bitcoinj/script/ScriptExecution.java. In both branches, bitcoinj verifies an attacker-controlled signature/public-key pair but fails to verify that the public key is the one committed to by the output being spent. As a result, any attacker keypair can satisfy bitcoinj's local verification for arbitrary P2PKH and P2WPKH outputs. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.17.1.

Misskey is an open source, decentralized social media platform. Misskey's missing signature validation allows arbitrary users to impersonate any remote user. This issue has been patched in version 2023.11.1-beta.1.

Union Pay up to 3.3.12, for iOS mobile apps, contains a CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature vulnerability, allows attackers to shop for free in merchants' websites and mobile apps, via a crafted authentication code (MAC) which is generated based on a secret key which is NULL.

uthenticode is a small cross-platform library for partially verifying Authenticode digital signatures. Versions of uthenticode prior to the 2.x series did not check Extended Key Usages in certificates, in violation of the Authenticode X.509 certificate profile. As a result, a malicious user could produce a "signed" PE file that uthenticode would verify and consider valid using an X.509 certificate that isn't entitled to produce code signatures (e.g., a SSL certificate). By design, uthenticode does not perform full-chain validation. However, the absence of EKU validation was an unintended oversight. The 2.0.0 release series includes EKU checks. There are no workarounds to this vulnerability.

auth0/node-jws is a JSON Web Signature implementation for Node.js. In versions 3.2.2 and earlier and version 4.0.0, auth0/node-jws has an improper signature verification vulnerability when using the HS256 algorithm under specific conditions. Applications are affected when they use the jws.createVerify() function for HMAC algorithms and use user-provided data from the JSON Web Signature protected header or payload in HMAC secret lookup routines, which can allow attackers to bypass signature verification. This issue has been patched in versions 3.2.3 and 4.0.1.

Vulnerability of insecure signatures in the OsuLogin module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause OsuLogin to be maliciously modified and overwritten.

Vulnerability of insecure signatures in the ServiceWifiResources module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause ServiceWifiResources to be maliciously modified and overwritten.

Union Pay up to 1.2.0, for web based versions contains a CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature vulnerability, allows attackers to shop for free in merchants' websites and mobile apps, via a crafted authentication code (MAC) which is generated based on a secret key which is NULL.

In Ruckus R310 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus R500 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus R600 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus T300 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus T301n 10.5.1.0.199, Ruckus T301s 10.5.1.0.199, SmartCell Gateway 200 (SCG200) before 3.6.2.0.795, SmartZone 100 (SZ-100) before 3.6.2.0.795, SmartZone 300 (SZ300) before 3.6.2.0.795, Virtual SmartZone (vSZ) before 3.6.2.0.795, ZoneDirector 1100 9.10.2.0.130, ZoneDirector 1200 10.2.1.0.218, ZoneDirector 3000 10.2.1.0.218, ZoneDirector 5000 10.0.1.0.151, a vulnerability allows attackers to exploit the official image signature to force injection unauthorized image signature.