A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation.

A vulnerability was found in the pthread_create() function in libcap. This issue may allow a malicious actor to use cause __real_pthread_create() to return an error, which can exhaust the process memory.

A vulnerability was found in libcap. This issue occurs in the _libcap_strdup() function and can lead to an integer overflow if the input string is close to 4GiB.

The capsh program in libcap before 2.22 does not change the current working directory when the --chroot option is specified, which allows local users to bypass the chroot restrictions via unspecified vectors.