In the Linux kernel before 5.1.17, ptrace_link in kernel/ptrace.c mishandles the recording of the credentials of a process that wants to create a ptrace relationship, which allows local users to obtain root access by leveraging certain scenarios with a parent-child process relationship, where a parent drops privileges and calls execve (potentially allowing control by an attacker). One contributing factor is an object lifetime issue (which can also cause a panic). Another contributing factor is incorrect marking of a ptrace relationship as privileged, which is exploitable through (for example) Polkit's pkexec helper with PTRACE_TRACEME. NOTE: SELinux deny_ptrace might be a usable workaround in some environments.

fs/seq_file.c in the Linux kernel 3.16 through 5.13.x before 5.13.4 does not properly restrict seq buffer allocations, leading to an integer overflow, an Out-of-bounds Write, and escalation to root by an unprivileged user, aka CID-8cae8cd89f05.

Integer signedness error in the sockargs function in sys/kern/uipc_syscalls.c in FreeBSD 10.1 before p34, 10.2 before p17, and 10.3 before p3 allows local users to cause a denial of service (memory overwrite and kernel panic) or gain privileges via a negative buflen argument, which triggers a heap-based buffer overflow.

Sudo before 1.9.5p2 contains an off-by-one error that can result in a heap-based buffer overflow, which allows privilege escalation to root via "sudoedit -s" and a command-line argument that ends with a single backslash character.

In drivers/pci/hotplug/rpadlpar_sysfs.c in the Linux kernel through 5.11.8, the RPA PCI Hotplug driver has a user-tolerable buffer overflow when writing a new device name to the driver from userspace, allowing userspace to write data to the kernel stack frame directly. This occurs because add_slot_store and remove_slot_store mishandle drc_name '\0' termination, aka CID-cc7a0bb058b8.

In FreeBSD 13.0-STABLE before n245050, 12.2-STABLE before r369525, 13.0-RC4 before p0, and 12.2-RELEASE before p6, listening socket accept filters implementing the accf_create callback incorrectly freed a process supplied argument string. Additional operations on the socket can lead to a double free or use after free.

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 5.11.6. fastrpc_internal_invoke in drivers/misc/fastrpc.c does not prevent user applications from sending kernel RPC messages, aka CID-20c40794eb85. This is a related issue to CVE-2019-2308.

Buffer overflow in ncurses library allows local users to execute arbitrary commands via long environmental information such as TERM or TERMINFO_DIRS.

procfs in FreeBSD and possibly other operating systems allows local users to bypass access control restrictions for a jail environment and gain additional privileges.

Buffer overflow in catopen() function in FreeBSD 5.0 and earlier, and possibly other OSes, allows local users to gain root privileges via a long environmental variable.

get_gate_page in mm/gup.c in the Linux kernel 5.7.x and 5.8.x before 5.8.7 allows privilege escalation because of incorrect reference counting (caused by gate page mishandling) of the struct page that backs the vsyscall page. The result is a refcount underflow. This can be triggered by any 64-bit process that can use ptrace() or process_vm_readv(), aka CID-9fa2dd946743.

In Apache HTTP Server 2.4 releases 2.4.17 to 2.4.38, with MPM event, worker or prefork, code executing in less-privileged child processes or threads (including scripts executed by an in-process scripting interpreter) could execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the parent process (usually root) by manipulating the scoreboard. Non-Unix systems are not affected.

A statement in the System Programming Guide of the Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual (SDM) was mishandled in the development of some or all operating-system kernels, resulting in unexpected behavior for #DB exceptions that are deferred by MOV SS or POP SS, as demonstrated by (for example) privilege escalation in Windows, macOS, some Xen configurations, or FreeBSD, or a Linux kernel crash. The MOV to SS and POP SS instructions inhibit interrupts (including NMIs), data breakpoints, and single step trap exceptions until the instruction boundary following the next instruction (SDM Vol. 3A; section 6.8.3). (The inhibited data breakpoints are those on memory accessed by the MOV to SS or POP to SS instruction itself.) Note that debug exceptions are not inhibited by the interrupt enable (EFLAGS.IF) system flag (SDM Vol. 3A; section 2.3). If the instruction following the MOV to SS or POP to SS instruction is an instruction like SYSCALL, SYSENTER, INT 3, etc. that transfers control to the operating system at CPL < 3, the debug exception is delivered after the transfer to CPL < 3 is complete. OS kernels may not expect this order of events and may therefore experience unexpected behavior when it occurs.

The kernel in FreeBSD 6.3 through 7.0 on amd64 platforms can make an extra swapgs call after a General Protection Fault (GPF), which allows local users to gain privileges by triggering a GPF during the kernel's return from (1) an interrupt, (2) a trap, or (3) a system call.

NVIDIA GPU Display Driver contains a vulnerability in kernel mode layer handler where a NULL pointer dereference may lead to denial of service or potential escalation of privileges.

The NVIDIA GPU driver for FreeBSD R352 before 352.09, 346 before 346.72, R349 before 349.16, R343 before 343.36, R340 before 340.76, R337 before 337.25, R334 before 334.21, R331 before 331.113, and R304 before 304.125 allows local users with certain permissions to read or write arbitrary kernel memory via unspecified vectors that trigger an untrusted pointer dereference.

An issue where a provided address with access_ok() is not checked was discovered in i915_gem_execbuffer2_ioctl in drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_execbuffer.c in the Linux kernel through 4.19.13. A local attacker can craft a malicious IOCTL function call to overwrite arbitrary kernel memory, resulting in a Denial of Service or privilege escalation.

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 5.18.9. A type confusion bug in nft_set_elem_init (leading to a buffer overflow) could be used by a local attacker to escalate privileges, a different vulnerability than CVE-2022-32250. (The attacker can obtain root access, but must start with an unprivileged user namespace to obtain CAP_NET_ADMIN access.) This can be fixed in nft_setelem_parse_data in net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c.

net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c in the Linux kernel through 5.18.1 allows a local user (able to create user/net namespaces) to escalate privileges to root because an incorrect NFT_STATEFUL_EXPR check leads to a use-after-free.

In FreeBSD 13.0-STABLE before n246941-20f96f215562, 12.2-STABLE before r370400, 11.4-STABLE before r370399, 13.0-RELEASE before p4, 12.2-RELEASE before p10, and 11.4-RELEASE before p13, certain VirtIO-based device models in bhyve failed to handle errors when fetching I/O descriptors. A malicious guest may cause the device model to operate on uninitialized I/O vectors leading to memory corruption, crashing of the bhyve process, and possibly arbitrary code execution in the bhyve process.

BPF JIT compilers in the Linux kernel through 5.11.12 have incorrect computation of branch displacements, allowing them to execute arbitrary code within the kernel context. This affects arch/x86/net/bpf_jit_comp.c and arch/x86/net/bpf_jit_comp32.c.

The issetugid system call in the Linux compatibility layer in FreeBSD 9.3, 10.1, and 10.2 allows local users to gain privilege via unspecified vectors.

The VIQR module in the iconv implementation in FreeBSD 10.0 before p6 and NetBSD allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds array access) via a crafted argument to the iconv_open function. NOTE: this issue was SPLIT from CVE-2014-3951 per ADT2 due to different vulnerability types.

Buffer overflow in libarchive through 2.8.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted TAR archive.

Stack-based buffer overflow in rtsold in FreeBSD 9.1 through 10.1-RC2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via crafted DNS parameters in a router advertisement message.

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 4.18.7. In create_qp_common in drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/qp.c, mlx5_ib_create_qp_resp was never initialized, resulting in a leak of stack memory to userspace.

Buffer overflow in libarchive 3.0 pre-release code allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted CAB file, which is not properly handled during the reading of Huffman code data within LZX compressed data.

An issue was discovered in Linux: KVM through Improper handling of VM_IO|VM_PFNMAP vmas in KVM can bypass RO checks and can lead to pages being freed while still accessible by the VMM and guest. This allows users with the ability to start and control a VM to read/write random pages of memory and can result in local privilege escalation.

FreeBSD 8.4 before p14, 9.1 before p17, 9.2 before p10, and 10.0 before p7 does not properly initialize certain data structures, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information from kernel memory via a (1) SCTP_SNDRCV, (2) SCTP_EXTRCV, or (3) SCTP_RCVINFO SCTP cmsg or a (4) SCTP_PEER_ADDR_CHANGE, (5) SCTP_REMOTE_ERROR, or (6) SCTP_AUTHENTICATION_EVENT notification.

The TCP reassembly function in the inet module in FreeBSD 8.3 before p16, 8.4 before p9, 9.1 before p12, 9.2 before p5, and 10.0 before p2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (undefined memory access and system crash) or possibly read system memory via multiple crafted packets, related to moving a reassemble queue entry to the segment list when the queue is full.

Perl before 5.26.3 and 5.28.0 before 5.28.1 has a buffer overflow via a crafted regular expression that triggers invalid write operations.

In FreeBSD before 11.2-STABLE(r348229), 11.2-RELEASE-p7, 12.0-STABLE(r342228), and 12.0-RELEASE-p1, insufficient validation of network-provided data in bootpd may make it possible for a malicious attacker to craft a bootp packet which could cause a stack buffer overflow. It is possible that the buffer overflow could lead to a Denial of Service or remote code execution.

Perl before 5.26.3 has a buffer overflow via a crafted regular expression that triggers invalid write operations.

Array index error in the (1) dtoa implementation in dtoa.c (aka pdtoa.c) and the (2) gdtoa (aka new dtoa) implementation in gdtoa/misc.c in libc, as used in multiple operating systems and products including in FreeBSD 6.4 and 7.2, NetBSD 5.0, OpenBSD 4.5, Mozilla Firefox 3.0.x before 3.0.15 and 3.5.x before 3.5.4, K-Meleon 1.5.3, SeaMonkey 1.1.8, and other products, allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a large precision value in the format argument to a printf function, which triggers incorrect memory allocation and a heap-based buffer overflow during conversion to a floating-point number.

A flaw was found in GNU Binutils 2.35.1, where there is a heap-based buffer overflow in _bfd_elf_slurp_secondary_reloc_section in elf.c due to the number of symbols not calculated correctly. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to system availability.

A specially crafted request could have crashed the Apache HTTP Server prior to version 2.4.30, due to an out of bound access after a size limit is reached by reading the HTTP header. This vulnerability is considered very hard if not impossible to trigger in non-debug mode (both log and build level), so it is classified as low risk for common server usage.

Improper buffer restrictions in a subsystem in the Intel(R) CSME versions before 11.8.86, 11.12.86, 11.22.86, 12.0.81, 13.0.47, 13.30.17, 14.1.53, 14.5.32 and 15.0.22 may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.

napi_get_value_string_*() allows various kinds of memory corruption in node < 10.21.0, 12.18.0, and < 14.4.0.

A flaw was found in the Linux kernel’s driver for the ASIX AX88179_178A-based USB 2.0/3.0 Gigabit Ethernet Devices. The vulnerability contains multiple out-of-bounds reads and possible out-of-bounds writes.

In FreeBSD 12.1-STABLE before r357490, 12.1-RELEASE before 12.1-RELEASE-p3, 11.3-STABLE before r357489, and 11.3-RELEASE before 11.3-RELEASE-p7, incorrect use of a user-controlled pointer in the epair virtual network module allowed vnet jailed privileged users to panic the host system and potentially execute arbitrary code in the kernel.

A flaw was found in libtiff. Due to a memory allocation failure in tif_read.c, a crafted TIFF file can lead to an abort, resulting in denial of service.

In LibTIFF, there is a memory malloc failure in tif_pixarlog.c. A crafted TIFF document can lead to an abort, resulting in a remote denial of service attack.

In SQLite 3.31.1, there is an out of bounds access problem through ALTER TABLE for views that have a nested FROM clause.

A flaw was found in the JFS filesystem code in the Linux Kernel which allows a local attacker with the ability to set extended attributes to panic the system, causing memory corruption or escalating privileges. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to confidentiality, integrity, as well as system availability.

Stack-based buffer overflow in lib/snmpagent.c in bsnmpd, as used in FreeBSD 8.3 through 10.0, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted GETBULK PDU request.

A stack buffer overflow flaw was found in Libtiffs' tiffcp.c in main() function. This flaw allows an attacker to pass a crafted TIFF file to the tiffcp tool, triggering a stack buffer overflow issue, possibly corrupting the memory, and causing a crash that leads to a denial of service.