An issue was discovered in Oniguruma 6.2.0, as used in Oniguruma-mod in Ruby through 2.4.1 and mbstring in PHP through 7.1.5. A stack out-of-bounds write in onigenc_unicode_get_case_fold_codes_by_str() occurs during regular expression compilation. Code point 0xFFFFFFFF is not properly handled in unicode_unfold_key(). A malformed regular expression could result in 4 bytes being written off the end of a stack buffer of expand_case_fold_string() during the call to onigenc_unicode_get_case_fold_codes_by_str(), a typical stack buffer overflow.

The dl module in Ruby 1.8.5 and earlier, 1.8.6 through 1.8.6-p286, 1.8.7 through 1.8.7-p71, and 1.9 through r18423 does not check "taintness" of inputs, which allows context-dependent attackers to bypass safe levels and execute dangerous functions by accessing a library using DL.dlopen.

Ruby 1.8.5 and earlier, 1.8.6 through 1.8.6-p286, 1.8.7 through 1.8.7-p71, and 1.9 through r18423 does not properly restrict access to critical variables and methods at various safe levels, which allows context-dependent attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via (1) untrace_var, (2) $PROGRAM_NAME, and (3) syslog at safe level 4, and (4) insecure methods at safe levels 1 through 3.

multi_xml gem 0.5.2 for Ruby, as used in Grape before 0.2.6 and possibly other products, does not properly restrict casts of string values, which allows remote attackers to conduct object-injection attacks and execute arbitrary code, or cause a denial of service (memory and CPU consumption) involving nested XML entity references, by leveraging support for (1) YAML type conversion or (2) Symbol type conversion, a similar vulnerability to CVE-2013-0156.

Integer overflow in the rb_ary_fill function in array.c in Ruby before revision 17756 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a call to the Array#fill method with a start (aka beg) argument greater than ARY_MAX_SIZE. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for other closely related integer overflows.

Type confusion exists in two methods of Ruby's WIN32OLE class, ole_invoke and ole_query_interface. Attacker passing different type of object than this assumed by developers can cause arbitrary code execution.

Type confusion exists in _cancel_eval Ruby's TclTkIp class method. Attacker passing different type of object than String as "retval" argument can cause arbitrary code execution.

The OpenSSL extension of Ruby (Git trunk) versions after 2011-09-01 up to 2011-11-03 always generated an exponent value of '1' to be used for private RSA key generation. A remote attacker could use this flaw to bypass or corrupt integrity of services, depending on strong private RSA keys generation mechanism.

An exploitable heap overflow vulnerability exists in the Fiddle::Function.new "initialize" function functionality of Ruby. In Fiddle::Function.new "initialize" heap buffer "arg_types" allocation is made based on args array length. Specially constructed object passed as element of args array can increase this array size after mentioned allocation and cause heap overflow.

A double free was found in the Regexp compiler in Ruby 3.x before 3.0.4 and 3.1.x before 3.1.2. If a victim attempts to create a Regexp from untrusted user input, an attacker may be able to write to unexpected memory locations.

lib/sounder/sound.rb in the sounder gem 1.0.1 for Ruby allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a filename.

Puppet 2.7.x before 2.7.21 and 3.1.x before 3.1.1, when running Ruby 1.9.3 or later, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via vectors related to "serialized attributes."

An issue was discovered in the OpenSSL library in Ruby before 2.3.8, 2.4.x before 2.4.5, 2.5.x before 2.5.2, and 2.6.x before 2.6.0-preview3. When two OpenSSL::X509::Name objects are compared using ==, depending on the ordering, non-equal objects may return true. When the first argument is one character longer than the second, or the second argument contains a character that is one less than a character in the same position of the first argument, the result of == will be true. This could be leveraged to create an illegitimate certificate that may be accepted as legitimate and then used in signing or encryption operations.

The lazy_initialize function in lib/resolv.rb in Ruby through 2.4.3 uses Kernel#open, which might allow Command Injection attacks, as demonstrated by a Resolv::Hosts::new argument beginning with a '|' character, a different vulnerability than CVE-2017-17405. NOTE: situations with untrusted input may be highly unlikely.

CGI.escape_html in Ruby before 2.7.5 and 3.x before 3.0.3 has an integer overflow and resultant buffer overflow via a long string on platforms (such as Windows) where size_t and long have different numbers of bytes. This also affects the CGI gem before 0.3.1 for Ruby.

Ruby through 2.2.7, 2.3.x through 2.3.4, and 2.4.x through 2.4.1 can expose arbitrary memory during a JSON.generate call. The issues lies in using strdup in ext/json/ext/generator/generator.c, which will stop after encountering a '\0' byte, returning a pointer to a string of length zero, which is not the length stored in space_len.

In Ruby before 2.2.10, 2.3.x before 2.3.7, 2.4.x before 2.4.4, 2.5.x before 2.5.1, and 2.6.0-preview1, the Dir.open, Dir.new, Dir.entries and Dir.empty? methods do not check NULL characters. When using the corresponding method, unintentional directory traversal may be performed.

DL::dlopen in Ruby 1.8, 1.9.0, 1.9.2, 1.9.3, 2.0.0 before patchlevel 648, and 2.1 before 2.1.8 opens libraries with tainted names.

WEBrick 1.3.1 in Ruby 1.8.6 through patchlevel 383, 1.8.7 through patchlevel 248, 1.8.8dev, 1.9.1 through patchlevel 376, and 1.9.2dev writes data to a log file without sanitizing non-printable characters, which might allow remote attackers to modify a window's title, or possibly execute arbitrary commands or overwrite files, via an HTTP request containing an escape sequence for a terminal emulator.

An exploitable heap overflow vulnerability exists in the Psych::Emitter start_document function of Ruby. In Psych::Emitter start_document function heap buffer "head" allocation is made based on tags array length. Specially constructed object passed as element of tags array can increase this array size after mentioned allocation and cause heap overflow.

There is a buffer over-read in Ruby before 2.6.10, 2.7.x before 2.7.6, 3.x before 3.0.4, and 3.1.x before 3.1.2. It occurs in String-to-Float conversion, including Kernel#Float and String#to_f.

JSON is a JSON implementation for Ruby. Starting in version 2.10.0 and prior to version 2.10.2, a specially crafted document could cause an out of bound read, most likely resulting in a crash. Versions prior to 2.10.0 are not vulnerable. Version 2.10.2 fixes the problem. No known workarounds are available.

An exploitable code execution vulnerability exists in the HTTP request-parsing function of the NT9665X Chipset firmware running on the Anker Roav A1 Dashcam, version RoavA1SWV1.9. A specially crafted packet can cause an unlimited and arbitrary write to memory, resulting in code execution.

Adobe Acrobat and Reader 2018.011.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30080 and earlier, and 2015.006.30418 and earlier versions have an Out-of-bounds write vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.

Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2018.011.20038 and earlier, 2017.011.30079 and earlier, and 2015.006.30417 and earlier have a Heap Overflow vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.

Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2018.011.20038 and earlier, 2017.011.30079 and earlier, and 2015.006.30417 and earlier have a Heap Overflow vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.

An exploitable code execution vulnerability exists in Wi-Fi Command 9999 of the Roav A1 Dashcam running version RoavA1SWV1.9. A specially crafted packet can cause a stack-based buffer overflow, resulting in code execution. An attacker can send a packet to trigger this vulnerability.

An issue was discovered in Adobe Acrobat Reader 2018.009.20050 and earlier versions, 2017.011.30070 and earlier versions, 2015.006.30394 and earlier versions. The vulnerability is caused by the computation that writes data past the end of the intended buffer; the computation is part of the image conversion engine when processing Enhanced Metafile Format Plus (EMF+) data. An attacker can potentially leverage the vulnerability to corrupt sensitive data or execute arbitrary code.

Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2018.011.20038 and earlier, 2017.011.30079 and earlier, and 2015.006.30417 and earlier have a Heap Overflow vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.

Adobe Acrobat and Reader 2018.011.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30080 and earlier, and 2015.006.30418 and earlier versions have an Out-of-bounds write vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.

The libtremor library has the same flaw as CVE-2018-5146. This library is used by Firefox in place of libvorbis on Android and ARM platforms. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR < 52.7.2 and Firefox < 59.0.1.

Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2018.011.20038 and earlier, 2017.011.30079 and earlier, and 2015.006.30417 and earlier have a Heap Overflow vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.

Adobe Acrobat and Reader 2018.011.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30080 and earlier, and 2015.006.30418 and earlier versions have an Out-of-bounds write vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.

An exploitable heap overflow vulnerability exists in the WkbProgramLow function of WibuKey Network server management, version 6.40.2402.500. A specially crafted TCP packet can cause a heap overflow, potentially leading to remote code execution. An attacker can send a malformed TCP packet to trigger this vulnerability.

Adobe Acrobat and Reader 2018.011.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30080 and earlier, and 2015.006.30418 and earlier versions have an Out-of-bounds write vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user.

An exploitable code execution vulnerability exists in the XML_UploadFile Wi-Fi command of the NT9665X Chipset firmware, running on the Anker Roav A1 Dashcam, version RoavA1SWV1.9. A specially crafted packet can cause a stack-based buffer overflow, resulting in code execution.

A vulnerability has been identified in RUGGEDCOM i800 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM i801 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM i802 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM i803 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM M2100 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM M2200 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM M969 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RMC30 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RMC8388 V4.X (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RMC8388 V5.X (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RP110 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS1600 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS1600F (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS1600T (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS400 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS401 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS416 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS416P (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS416Pv2 V4.X (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS416Pv2 V5.X (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RS416v2 V4.X (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS416v2 V5.X (All versions < 5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RS8000 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS8000A (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS8000H (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS8000T (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS900 (32M) V4.X (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS900 (32M) V5.X (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RS900G (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS900G (32M) V4.X (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS900G (32M) V5.X (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RS900GP (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS900L (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS900W (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS910 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS910L (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS910W (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS920L (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS920W (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS930L (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS930W (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS940G (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RS969 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100 (32M) V4.X (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100 (32M) V5.X (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P (32M) V4.X (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RSG2100P (32M) V5.X (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RSG2200 (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RSG2288 V4.X (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RSG2288 V5.X (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RSG2300 V4.X (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RSG2300 V5.X (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RSG2300P V4.X (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RSG2300P V5.X (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RSG2488 V4.X (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RSG2488 V5.X (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RSG907R (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RSG908C (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RSG909R (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RSG910C (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RSG920P V4.X (All versions < V4.3.7), RUGGEDCOM RSG920P V5.X (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RSL910 (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RST2228 (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RST2228P (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RST916C (All versions < V5.5.4), RUGGEDCOM RST916P (All versions < V5.5.4). The DHCP client in affected devices fails to properly sanitize incoming DHCP packets. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to cause memory to be overwritten, potentially allowing remote code execution.

In mjs_json.c in Cesanta MongooseOS mJS 1.26, a maliciously formed JSON string can trigger an off-by-one heap-based buffer overflow in mjs_json_parse, which can potentially lead to redirection of control flow. NOTE: the original reporter disputes the significance of this finding because "there isn’t very much of an opportunity to exploit this reliably for an information leak, so there isn’t any real security impact."

An integer overflow can occur in the Skia library due to 32-bit integer use in an array without integer overflow checks, resulting in possible out-of-bounds writes. This could lead to a potentially exploitable crash triggerable by web content. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 52.8, Thunderbird ESR < 52.8, Firefox < 60, and Firefox ESR < 52.8.

An exploitable stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the 802dot1xclientcert.cgi functionality of Sony IPELA E Series Camera G5 firmware 1.87.00. A specially crafted POST can cause a stack-based buffer overflow, resulting in remote code execution. An attacker can send a malicious POST request to trigger this vulnerability.

Vulnerability in the Oracle GoldenGate component of Oracle GoldenGate (subcomponent: Monitoring Manager). Supported versions that are affected are 12.1.2.1.0, 12.2.0.2.0 and 12.3.0.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via TCP to compromise Oracle GoldenGate. While the vulnerability is in Oracle GoldenGate, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle GoldenGate. Note: For Linux and Windows platforms, the CVSS score is 9.0 with Access Complexity as High. For all other platforms, the cvss score is 10.0. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 10.0 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

The uwsgi_expand_path function in core/utils.c in Unbit uWSGI through 2.0.15 has a stack-based buffer overflow via a large directory length.

In Android before security patch level 2018-04-05 on Qualcomm Snapdragon Automobile, Snapdragon Mobile, and Snapdragon Wear MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9650, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 425, SD 430, SD 450, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 617, SD 625, SD 650/52, SD 808, SD 820, SD 820A, SD 835, SD 845, while parsing a private frame in an ID3 tag, a buffer over-read can occur when comparing frame data with predefined owner identifier strings.

U.S. Air Force Sensor Data Management System extract75 has a buffer overflow that leads to code execution. An overflow in a global variable (sBuffer) leads to a Write-What-Where outcome. Writing beyond sBuffer will clobber most global variables until reaching a pointer such as DES_info or image_info. By controlling that pointer, one achieves an arbitrary write when its fields are assigned. The data written is from a potentially untrusted NITF file in the form of an integer. The attacker can gain control of the instruction pointer.

Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by a stack-based buffer overflow by an unauthenticated attacker. This affects WAC505 before 5.0.5.4, WAC510 before 5.0.5.4, WAC120 before 2.1.7, WN604 before 3.3.10, WNAP320 before 3.7.11.4, WNAP210v2 before 3.7.11.4, WNDAP350 before 3.7.11.4, WNDAP360 before 3.7.11.4, WNDAP660 before 3.7.11.4, WNDAP620 before 2.1.7, and WND930 before 2.1.5.

An issue was discovered on Samsung mobile devices with L(5.x), M(6.x), and N(7.x) software. There is a vnswap heap-based buffer overflow via the store function, with resultant privilege escalation. The Samsung ID is SVE-2017-10599 (January 2018).

LibVNC before 0.9.12 contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in libvncserver/rfbserver.c. The fix for CVE-2018-15127 was incomplete.

URI_FUNC() in UriParse.c in uriparser before 0.9.1 has an out-of-bounds read (in uriParse*Ex* functions) for an incomplete URI with an IPv6 address containing an embedded IPv4 address, such as a "//[::44.1" address.

An issue was discovered in the actix-web crate before 0.7.15 for Rust. It can unsoundly coerce an immutable reference into a mutable reference, leading to memory corruption.

LibVNC through 0.9.12 contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in libvncserver/rfbserver.c. The fix for CVE-2018-15127 was incomplete.